Driverless cars also known as self-driving cars or autonomous cars is a vehicle that can operate itself without human input.

1. Driverless cars: future of
vehicles
By:
Ankita Karande

2. Index
 Introduction
 History
 Reason behind the making
 Working of Driverless Cars
 Components
 Current Status
 Self-Driving Car Pros and Cons
 Conclusion

3. Introduction
 A self-driving car (sometimes called an autonomous car or driverless car) is a
vehicle that uses a combination of sensors, cameras, radar and Artificial Intelligence
(AI) to travel between destinations without a human operator.

4. Introduction
 The Google self-driving vehicle. Google's self-driving cars all have test
drivers at the wheel. They have been developed by Google X as a part of
its project to develop technology for electric cars.
 Autonomous vehicles and driver-assisting technologies have the potential
to reduce crashes, prevent injuries, and save lives.
 Google wants to design a new prototype of its driverless car. This would
be a car that has no steering wheel, no gas or brake pedals and thus is
100% autonomous.

5. History
 Houdina Radio Control Co. publicly demonstrated the radio-controlled driver-
less car ‘American Wonder’ in New York City streets.
 The radio-operated automobile, American Wonder, 1925.

6. History
 In 1939 GM’s exhibit, the concept of autonomous vehicles which was an electric vehicle
guided by radio-controlled electromagnetic fields in New York World’s Fair.

7. Reason behind making

8. Reason behind making
 A car operated by computers could somehow be safer, car accidents have been
caused by some sort of human error, be it speeding, driving recklessly,
inattentiveness.
 A self-driving car would allow them to get some work done, knock a few emails out,
or even get a little extra sleep if they have to wake up early to get to work.
 Because self-driving cars are safer, they’ll cut down on any accident-induced costs,
which means insurance premiums.
 Self-driving cars could be of huge benefit to the environment. transportation, in
general, was responsible for over half of the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide air
pollution as well as a quarter of the hydrocarbons emitted into our atmosphere. While
many self-driving cars might still emit these same materials, their improved efficiency
would be a huge step forward toward a cleaner future.

9. Working of Driverless Cars
 It is controlled by computer.
 It requires input or instruction from human
 After getting input or instruction it will drive automatically

10. Components
GPS (Global Positioning System)
 The GPS in driverless cars is not much more different than Google Maps' navigational
software.
 The major difference is that driverless cars require GPS to navigate the car, while human
driven cars do not.
 GPS software is important because it defines
the "mission" of the autonomous vehicle by
setting a start and end point of the drive.
 The GPS works in conjunction with radars,
sensors, LIDAR and other HD mapping
software.

11. Components
Video Cameras
 Video camera is installed at the top of the front glass near the rear mirror view.
 Video cameras which looks for hazards such as
pedestrians, cyclists, other motorist, and reads
the road signs and detect the traffic lights.
 The technology behind these cameras
function similar to the human eye

12. Components
LIDAR (Laser Illuminating Detection and Ranging)
 The LIDAR unit, provides driverless cars with highly accurate long range detection
which ranges of up to 100 meters.
 As it is spins, it continuously scans the world around the
car and builds a 3D omni-directional.
 The rotating LIDAR units are normally mounted to the top of the car, providing 360-
degree view.
 This unit generates raw information about the world, which is then sent to the car's
brain to process.

13. Components
Radar
 Autonomous cars have radar sensor units (two in the front and two in the back).
 These help the vehicle detect road dynamics such as traffic delays, vehicle collisions, and
other obstacles, by sending a signal processor to apply the brakes and/or move out of the
way.
 This technology works in conjunction with other features on the car such as
inertial measurement units,
gyroscopes, and
wheel encoder
to send accurate signals
to the processing unit (i.e. brain) of
the vehicle.

14. Current Status

15. Self-Driving Car Pros and Cons
Pros:
1. Mobility for those unable to
drive.
2. Reduced human induced
vehicle collisions.
3. Time savings.
4. Smaller roads and lesser
congestion.
5. Reduced parking strain.
Cons:
1. Initial purchase price.
2. Sensitive data mining and
hacking.
3. Unemployment implications.
4. Accountability and adaptability.
5. Reliance on technology

16. Conclusion
 Driverless cars appear to be an important next step in transportation technology.
 Developments in autonomous cars is continuing and the software in the car is
continuing to be updated.
 People who currently reject self-driving cars would’ve said no to modern technology
and automatic systems.
 If the people’s thought hasn’t changed about the self-driving cars being safe, these cars
are already safe and are becoming safer. Only if they believe and give a try to
technology, they get to enjoy the luxury of computerized driving.

17. Thank you.