1. Towards
Robotic
cars
Seminar
Anand B

2. The
change

3. Contents
§ Introduction
§ Major
developments
§ Why
Autonomous?
§ Technology
§ Hardware
Sensors
§ Google
maps
§ How
does
it
work?
§ Artificial
Intelligence
§ How
it
sees
the
world?
§ Behavior
Module
§ Image
Processing

4. Introduction
A driverless car, also known as an autonomous car,
self-­‐driving car and robotic car, is an automated or
autonomous vehicle capable of fulfilling the main
transportation capabilities of a traditional car.

5. Major
developments

6. Why
autonomous?

8. Major contribution towards accidents
comes from the driver negligence.

9. There are presently
over 800 million cars
on the road worldwide.
Cars consumes a
major share of energy
around the world.

10. Only4%
ofentire
lifetime ofcar
Is ideallyused.

11. Sebastian
Thrun
Robotics
scientist
VP
Google
X
labs
Stanford
professor

12. Powered by an electric motor, the car uses a
combination of sensors and software to locate
itself in the real world combined with highly
accurate digital maps. A GPS is used, just like
the satellite navigation systems in most cars, to
get a rough location of the car, at which point
radar, lasers and cameras take over to monitor
the world around the car, 360-­‐degrees.
The software can recognise objects, people,
cars, road marking, signs and traffic lights,
obeying the rules of the road and allowing for
multiple unpredictable hazards, including
cyclists. It can even detect road works and
safely navigate around them.
TECHNOLOGY Hardware
Software

13. Hardware
sensors

14. LIDAR
LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging,
also LADAR) is an optical remote
sensing technology that can even
detect objects two football fields
away.

15. How
LIDAR
Works?

16. VIDEO CAMERAS
Detects
upcoming
traffic
light
and
sign
boards.

17. POSITION
ESTIMATOR
Determines
vehicle's
location
and
keeps
track
of
its
movements.

18. DISTANCE
SENSOR
Allow
the
car
to
"see"
far
enough
to
detect
nearby
or
upcoming
cars
or
obstacles

19. How does it work?

20. GOOGLE MAPS
Google
Maps
interacts
with
GPS
and
acts
like
a
database.
It
helps
to
find
§ Upcoming
intersections.
§ Traffic
Report.
§ Nearby
collisions.
§ Directions.

21. ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
Data
from
Google
Maps
and
the
hardware
sensors
are
sent
to
the
AI.
AI
then
determines:
§ how
fast
to
accelerate
§ when
to
slow
down/stop
§ when
to
steer
the
wheel

22. HOW IT SEES THE ROAD?

24. Under normal driving
situations, driving behavior is
governed by the appropriate
path planner. Behavior module
is implemented as a finite
state machine, which controls
the behavioral mode of the
car.
BEHAVIOR MODULE

25. IMAGE PROCESSING

26. DIAGRAM

27. MOST ADVANCED TILL DATE: GOOGLE SELF DRIVING CAR

28. PROS § Reduces traffic
accidents
§ Environment
friendly
§ Next
revolution
in
automotive
sector
§ Efficient
use
of
resources
(both
car
and
fuel)
§ Differently
abled
gets
the
freedom
of
commute

29. CONS
§ Who
to
blame
in
an
accident?
§ Privacy
issues
§ Trill of
riding
is
gone
§ Many
people
might
lose
their
jobs
§ Cyber
security
attacts.

30. REFERENCES
§ Sebastian
Thrun, "Toward
Robotic
Cars".
Communications
of
the
ACM
53
(4):
99–106.
doi:10.1145/1721654.1721679.
§ Image
Processing
and
BehaviourPlanning
for
Intelligent
Vehicles T.
Buc¨ her,
C.
Curio,
J.
Edelbrunner,
C.
Igel,
D.
Kastrup,
I.
Leefken,
G.
Lorenz,
A.
Steinhage,
and
W.
von
Seelen
§ Antsaklis,
Panos J.;
Passino,
Kevin
M.;
Wang,
S.J.
(1991).
"An
Introduction
to
Autonomous
Control
Systems"
(PDF).
IEEE
Control
Systems
11
(4):
5–13.
doi:10.1109/37.88585.
§ "What
Is
a
Driverless
Car?".
WiseGeek.
Retrieved
11
October
2013.

31. CONCLUSION
§ No
doubt,
driverless
car
will
be
next
biggest
revolution
awaiting
in
the
automotive
industry.

32. THANKYOU:)