Control system

1. ZEESHAN
JABBAR
Sp15-bee-110
GROUP MEMEBERS
ANJUM
AFTAB
MIRZA
Sp15-Bee-112
1

2. Topic to be covered
General Discussion Problem and solution
2
About:
Control System.
Controller.
Control
Sensor.
Problem Statement.
Solution.
 micro-controller used
Sensor to be used.
Circuit and working.
Block Diagram.

3. 3
What is control?
To determine behavior and
supervising the process.
A class is a better option.
Electrical Engineering
Approach
To supervise a system
through using different
controller.
Example :
A simple temperature sensor
given as:

4. 4
Control System
A control System is a device, or set of devices to manage, command, direct or
regulate the behaviour of other device or system.
Control theory states that we have
to design optimal system without
following limitation:
1.Overshoot.
2. Un-stability.
3. Delays.
System
Input Output
Micro-Controller:
To minimize the errors
Also to control the system

5. 5
Types of system:
Open Loop System:
utilize a controller or control actuator to
obtain the desired response.
Output has no effect on the
control action.
 In other words output is neither
measured nor feedback.
SystemController
Input Output
Example:

6. 6
Closed Loop System
utilizes feedback to compare the actual
output to the desired output response.
 Chances of Error is less as compared
to open loop.
Continuously adjust the process
through feedback.
Comparator Controller System
OutputInput
Example

7. 7
Controller
Smaller on chip computer.
On Chip memory ,also input and output ports.
 For only single purpose
Basically used for the control process
Many different families of microcontroller
Pic-Microcontroller
Atmel…etc.
Arduino is a type of micro-controller
board on which we code our program
then control different.

8. 3 8
Very complex controller
Body Nerve System:
Our senses sense the physical
constrains and give response to
brain.
Brain make decision to work
or not.

9. 9Sensors:
A device which provides a usable output in response to a specified
measurand.
A sensor acquires a physical parameter and converts it into a signal suitable for
processing (e.g. optical, electrical, mechanical)
 Without the use of sensors, there would be no automation.
Typical example of sensor:
Temperature,gas,speed,position and many more.
Sensor Controller
Input Signal

10. 10Without sensor
Have you ever think what happened?
What happened?
Every thing should be manually
operate .
More labor is required.
Quite difficult stuff.

11. 11
Problem Statement:
Problem
Problem
Problem Problem
Water tank over flow?
Water pump control?

12. 3
12How could we get rid from this problem?
Idea………
Problem……….
Automatic level indicator and water pump controller using
aurdino
Solution:

13. 13
Sonar
Sensor
Arduino
Relays
Motor
LCD Display
Buzzer

14. Further detail of each and every component is given in
below slides
14
Circuit of the above solution

15. 15
Arduino
 The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328
"Uno" means one in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming release of
Arduino 1.0.
It has 14 pin where 6 used as PWM 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator,
a USB connection, a power jack, and a reset button.
Reset
USB
Interface
Power
Input
Digital Input
Analog Input

16. 16
Code Flow chart
Firstly import all useful
libraries in the arduino
compiler.
Introduce pin
configuration in
code for the
sensor
Max distance means
height of tank
Bit by bit level up
until reach to
higher level
If else statement
for the relay
operation
Display on LCD levels of
water and Pump on/off
condition

17. 17Why we use Arduino……?
 Inexpensive
Arduino boards are relatively inexpensive compared to other
microcontroller platforms.
Cross-platform
The Arduino Software (IDE) runs on Windows, Macintosh OSX, and Linux operating
systems. Most microcontroller systems are limited to Windows.
Simple, clear programming environment
The Arduino Software (IDE) is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible
enough for advanced users to take advantage of as well.

18. 18
Sonar sensor
A device that can measure the
distance to an object by using
sound waves.
Measures distance by sending out a
sound wave at a specific frequency
and listening for that sound wave to
bounce back.
By measuring the elapse time we
can calculate the given distance
between the object and sensor.

19. 19
LCD Display
16*2 LCD Display
Low High
Pump on
As the level is low then
pump is on.
As the level is high he bit
are increased on the LCD
Pump Off
As the water level become high then
Pump Off

20. 20
Single Channel Relay
A relays are an electromagnetic switch.
Which operates on very small current.
Current through the coil turn on the switch
Relay
Works
Arduino
Relay
Pump

21. 21
‫خانه‬ ‫باورچی‬Kitchen
Two Urdu words

22. 3 22
‫انناس‬
Pineapple

23. 3 23
Thank You