4. Introduction
• The increasing demand for medical and health
care services, in the face of limited resources,
has brought out the need for careful planning
of health services.
• Planning is considered essential if higher
standards of health and health care are to be
achieved.
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5. WHAT IS PLANNING?
The process of …..
Setting goals,
Developing strategies and…..
Outlining tasks and schedules to accomplish the
goals.
Planning is deciding in advance what to do,
how to do and who is to do it.
6. Cont….
Purpose of planning are…..
Match the limited resources with
problems
Eliminate wasteful expenditure or its
duplication
Develop best course of action to
achieve the objectives
8. National
Development
planning
The purpose of National Planning is to achieve a
rapid, balanced, economic and social development of
the country as a whole.
Health planning is a part of National planning and it
is required for the economic utilization of…..
Material,
Manpower and….
Financial resources for improving the health services.
9. National Health Planning
Definition: The orderly process of -
Defining community health problems,
Identifying unmet needs
Surveying the resources to meet them,
Establishing priority goals that are realistic and
feasible and
Projecting administrative action to accomplish
the purpose of the proposed programme.
10. Health needs and
Demands
Health needs: Deficiencies in health that call
for preventive, curative, control or eradication
measures.
Some needs are well perceived by the
community, some are vaguely perceived while
some needs are perceived by the policy
makers and not by the community.
12. Planning – end result
OBJECTIVE: It is a precise point to be achieved
following the implementation of a development
proposal/plan.
It may or may not be achieved and is the end-point of
all activities.
TARGET: It is a discrete activity that is to be fulfilled in
order to achieve the objective.
It indicates the degree of achievement of the
objectives.
13. Cont….
GOAL: The ultimate desired state towards which
objectives and resources are directed. It may be
described in terms of –
What is to be attained?
The extent to which it is to be attained;
The population or section of environment involved.
The geographic area in which the proposed programme
will operate; and
The proposed length of time required.
16. Elements of a plan
OBJECTIVES….
POLICIES….
PROGRAMMES…
SCHEDULES &…
BUDGET
17. • Objectives
• This is the statement of desired changes in
behavior or state of excellence , expected as a
result of particular programme.
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18. Programme
It is a sequence of activities designed to
implement policies and accomplish objectives.
Step by step approach to guide the action
necessary to reach a predetermined goal.
An organized order of performances of
events
19. Cont…
SCHEDULE: It is the time sequence for the
work to be done.
POLICIES: These are a set of guiding principles
for carrying out a work and not rigid
commandments.
BUDGET : It is a concrete precise picture of
the total operation of an activity in monetary
terms
20. Pre-planning
It is the preparation of planning with
preconditions of…
Government interest: strong “political will”
Administrative capacity for proper coordination
of activities and implementation of plans
Legislation: policies translated to legislation
Organization for planning: eg planning
commission
G
A
L
O
21. PLANNING CYCLE
• Planning may be defined as a process of
analyzing a system, or defining a problem,
assessing to which the problem exists as a need,
formulating goals and objectives to alleviate
those identified needs, examining and choosing
from among alternative ,initiating the necessary
action for its implementation and monitoring the
system to ensure proper implementation of the
plan and evaluating the results of intervention in
full filling the stated objectives.
23. 24
Planning cycle
1. Analysis of the health situation
a) Population statistics
b) Statistics of morbidity and mortality
c) Manpower (HR)
d) Existing medical care facilities
e) Geographical distribution and epidemiology
f) Training facilities available
g) Attitudes and beliefs
S
M
E
G
T
A
24. 25
2. Establishment of objectives and goals
a) Should be established at all levels
b) It should be set by a person having authority.
c) The goal should be realistic.
d) It should be specific.
e) Acceptability
f) Easily measurable
Cont…
*Objectives are not only guide to action but yardstick to
measure the work after it is done
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3. Assessment of resources
a) Manpower
b) Money
c) Materials
d) Skills and knowledge
e) Technical needs
Cont…
*A balance should be struck between requirements
and availability
26. 27
4. Fixing priorities
What determines priorities?
Alternate plans developed….
5. Write formulated plans
a) Must be complete in all respect to execute
the project
b) Detailed detecting input and output
c) Contained working guidance for execution
d) Evaluation should be built-in
Cont…
27. 28
6. Programming and implantation
a) Assign and fix responsibilities
b) Define roles and tasks
c) Selection, training, motivation and supervision
d) Organization and communication
e) Efficiency of health institutions
Cont…
28. 29
7. Monitoring
Continuous process of observing, recording
and reporting on the activities of the
organization or project
8. Evaluation
Measures the degree to which objectives and
targets are fulfilled and the quality of results
obtained
Cont…
31. National Health Policy 2002
• Objectives:
• Achieving an acceptable standard of good
health of Indian Population,
• Decentralizing public health system by
upgrading infrastructure in existing
institutions,
• Ensuring a more equitable access to health
service across the social and geographical
expanse of India.
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32. • Enhancing the contribution of private sector
in providing health service for people who
can afford to pay.
• Giving primacy for prevention and first line
curative initiative.
• Emphasizing rational use of drugs.
• Increasing access to tried systems of
Traditional Medicine
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33. Goals –NHP--2002
• Eradication of Polio & Yaws --2005
• Elimination of Leprosy ----------2005
• Elimination of Kala-azar ----------2010
• Elimination of lymphatic Filariasis--2015
• Achieve of Zero level growth of HIV/AIDS-- 2007
• Reduction of mortality by 50% on account of
Tuberculosis, Malaria, Other vector and water
borne Disease ------2010
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34. • Reduce prevalence of blindness to 0.5%--2010
• Reduction of IMR to 30/1000 & MMR to
100/lakh ---------- 2010
• Increase utilization of public health facilities
from current level of < 20% to > 75%--2010
• Establishment of an integrated system of
surveillance, National Health Accounts and
Health Statistics 2005
•
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35. • Increase health expenditure by government
as a % of GDP from the existing 0.9% to 2.0%
-----2010
• Increase share of Central grants to constitute
at least 25% of total health spending---2010
• Increase State Sector Health spending from
5.5% to 7% of the budget-------------2005
• Further increase of State sector Health
spending from 7% to 8%-------------2010
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