CBC (complete blood count) is a simple blood test that measures blood components. It can reveal a wide range of disorders beyond just hematological issues. The document outlines normal ranges for various CBC parameters like hemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelet count, and others. It discusses how certain parameters like mean platelet volume (MPV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW), large unstained cells (LUC), and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can provide insights into diseases like cancer, infections, inflammation, and more. Having a deep understanding of all CBC parameters can help discover non-hematological diseases. CBC provides a window into overall body health.

1. Toward a deepest
lecture of complete
blood count
DR: A.ATMANE
CHU MUSTAPHA BACHA
SERVICE DE MEDECINE INTERNE
CHEF DE SERVICE :PR :F. BOUALI

2. What is complete blood count CBC ?
•CBC is a simple blood test that mesures
blood components
•Test a wide range of disorders beyond
hematological disorders

3. Parameters of CBC
Parameter Male Female
Hemoglobin g/L 135 - 180 115 - 160
WBC x109/L 4.00 - 11.00 4.00 - 11.00
Platelets x109/L 150 - 400 150 - 400
MCV fL 78 - 100 78 - 100
PCV 0.40 - 0.52 0.37 - 0.47
RBC x1012/L 4.5 - 6.5 3.8 - 5.8
MCH pg 27.0 - 32.0 27.0 - 32.0
MCHC g/L 310 - 370 310 - 370
RDW 11.5 - 15.0 11.5 - 15.0
Neutrophils 2.0 - 7.5 2.0 - 7.5
Lymphocytes 1.0 - 4.5 1.0 - 4.5
Monocytes 0.2 - 0.8 0.2 - 0.8
Eosinophils 0.04 - 0.40 0.04 - 0.40
Basophils < 0.1 < 0.1

4. other blood count parameters
•Mean platelet volume MPV
•Mean corpuscular hemoglobin conceration
MCHC
•Red cells distrubtion width RDW
•Large unsatind cells LUC
•Neutophil to lumphocytesratio NLR

5. Mean platelt volume MPV
• Reflect platelet size and volume
• A normal MPV ranges between 6 and 10 fl
• high platelet volume was associate with a wide
range of diseases

6. High
MPV
Cancer and
neoplasmes
diabete
Hyperthyroidim
Kideny failure
Pre eclamsia hellp
syndrome
Respiratory diseases
Non alcoholic liver
disease
Cardiovascular
diseases
Artificial heart
valves

7. Low MPV
Cancer
Bone marrow disorders
Infection inflammation
Bone marrow failure
Lupus
Splenomegaly
Medications
Hypothyroidism
Iron defecency anemia
HIV/AIDS

8. MCMH (31-37g/dl)
High
MCMH
• Iron deficiency anemia
• Pernicious anemia
• Aplastic anemia
• Hemolytic anemia
• Medication
• Cancer or leukimia treatment
• Bone marrow defects
• Kideny and liver disease
• Inflamatory disorders1
LOW
MCMH
• Autoimmune hemolytic
anemia
• Lumphoma
• Idopathic autoimmene
anemia
• Heridetary spherocytosis
• Severe burns

9. Red cells distubtion width RDW
• Red cell distrubtion width is 12.2 to 16.1 percent
in adult femels
• And 11.8 to 14.5 percent in adult males

10. High RDW causes:
• Heart diseases
• Heart failure
• Smoking
• Hemoglobinopathy
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease (COPD)
• Scarred or Damaged Lungs
• Sleep Apnea
• erformance enhancing drugs like
anabolic steroids or protein injections
• Lyme disease
LOW RDW causes:
• Microcytic anemia
• Macrocytic anemia

11. Large unstaind cells LUC
• The percentage of large unstaind cells reflects
peroxidase negative cells ( leukemic blasts
monocytes and activated lymphocytes )
• Normal range is between 0 to 4% or 0-0.4 x 10E3

12. HIGH LUC
Chronic renal
failure
Viral
infections
mainly HIV
Fungal
infection
(aspergellios
is)
Malaria
Leukemia

13. Neutrophil to lymphocytes ratio NLR
• A normal range of NLR is between 0.7 and 3
• NLR in a grey zone between 2.3 and 3
• NLR may serve as early warning of pathological state
or process like cancer atherosclerosis infection
inflamtion psychiatric disorders ans stress
• Valid indicator of prognosis of solid tumors
• Some metaanalysis suggest it as a mortality predictor
in pulmonary embolism better than troponin levels
• High NLR predict mortality in septic shok and acute
pancreatitis

14. NLR

15. Take home message
• CBC is a simple biological exam
• A deep lecture of all hematological parameters of CBC
can be helfull to discover other diseases more than
hematological diseases
• CBC is a miror that reflect a whole body state that
why we encourage practionners to have a deepest
lecture of this simple reproductible and low cost exam
.

16. Thanks for your attention