المحاضرات التأهيلية لاختبارات الوظائف الحكومية اليوم الاول

2. Tuberculosis

3. The liver
T.B. of the liver may arise from:-
a- Congenital infection  the umbilical vein.
b- From primary intestinal T.B  "the portal l.n. receive afferent
lymph ties from the duodenum"
c- From infected lungs  intestines  mesenteric liens  fine
branches of portal vein.
d- Through hamates genus route.
e- Sec. extension from T.B. of peritoneum , intestine or
mesenteric l.ns "but on the other hand.T.B.of post Mediastinal
l.n. may be due to lymphatic drainage from T.B. liver."
The lesion in cattle are:-
Nodular encapsulated foci or like small encapsulated abscesses.
The lesions in pigs as mention before.

4. The spleen
● T.B. of the spleen of calves  congenital inf. the nodules
are present on the surface.
● If the T.B. nodules present in splendid substance  This
mean hamates genus spread  primary inf.  The animal
die before develop of lesion.
● If the lesion are chronic  undergo cassation and
calcification .
In pig : T.B. mostly found in the substance of spleen .
This mean  tendancy to generalization.

5. The kidney
►T.B. of the kidney mean haematogenous spread.
►T.B. of boviune kidney  appear as small isolated nodules
 distributed in sub tissues of the kidney  involve the
whole of kidney lobules  the surface is irregular ,grayish
white in color on section of the kidney subs  there is
caseation.
►T.B. (Miliary T.B.) of kidney cortex indicate Acute
generalization.
►T.B. in renal Lns come from T.B. peritoneum by lymph
drainage.
► In Pigs  T.B. nodules are very small and few in number
(Difficult to detect)

6. Stomach and intestines
 Primary infection of the intestinal tract  more common in
swine than in cattle.
►In Cattle:
● Break down from the lungs  stomach + Intestine  T.B.
nodules and ulcers of the intestinal mucosa are rare 
Commonly in mesenteric Lns.
● In Ileum the nodules may coalesce to form ulcers of varying
size (round or oval) covered with grayish mucopurulent
material.

7. Udder
►T.B. of the udder may result from:
a-haematogenous spread.
b-extension from abdominal lesion.
c-the injection of the bacilli via the teats.
►in early stages of the disease:
The T.B. nodules are recognized by their orange color in contrast
to the normal yellowish white color of the udder tissue.
►Then the affection may show in one of the following forms:
1-chronic diffuse granulomatus forms:

8. Udder
►it is most common form of T.B.
●in beginning appear as grayish red orange brown hand, and
glistening nodules.
●L.n. is not affected.
●in advanced cases, there are hand hard nodules at the size
of a fist, projecting form the surrounding interlobular C.T.
 caseation
●cut surface has a grayish red of coarse granular surface.
2-disseminating military udder T.B.:
●small fatty nodules  show caseation, calcification
●L.ns always affected.
●This form difficult to recognize as in lactating period 

9. Udder
It has the same color of udder and projecting
3-Caseous mastitis:
●it appear as a map.
●the nodules are caseatod especially blood spots.
●L.ns are always affected.

10. Bones and joints
 In ox: commonly in ribs of vertebrae yellow
granulation tissue especially thinning ratification of the
cortex and spongy tissue of the bone.
 In pig: T.B. in bodies and spinal processes of lumber
vert. ischiopubic symphysis and femur.

11. C.N.S.
T.B. in C.N.S. indicates heamato genous spread.

12. Skin
T.B. of skin  hard painless nodules single or multiple varying
in size up to a hens egg.
If multiple  appear as a chain on subcut. lymphatic vessels of
limbs, rarely on chest wan and shoulder.
On section  there is a fibrous wall enclosing a casco
calcarcous center or dried material like powdered maize or
flake like pellicle.