1. Narrative Structure: Batman Returns follows a
generic three act structure across its 126
minute run time that fits Todorous theory of
equilibrium and dis-equilibrium with batman’s
role to restore equilibrium in Gotham city. This
can be also related to Levi Strauss’ theory of
opposing good and bad ideologies, however
these are challenged with the penguin
temporarily teaming up with the villain ‘the
penguin’ in order to stop Max – their common
enemy.
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FilmScript– BatmanReturns
Style: The chosen media of this script is feature
film with the producing institution of the film
being warner bros, a major Hollywood
production company. This script has been
written in the traditional typewritten format of
cinema with large amounts of dialogue written
from the centre with frequent intermittent
section of scene description that is traditional
of films with large amounts of fast paced action
on the screen at once that is a major genre of
the superhero film genre and a reoccurring
trope of action movies.
Content: Batman Returns is a superhero action
film written by Daniel Waters and directed by
Tim Burton that was released in 1992 with the
film lasting for 126 minutes. The sequel to Tim
Burton’s 1989 film‘Batman’ it follows the
superhero batman as he battles crime lords the
penguin and Max who wish to take over
Gotham city, with Batman helped by Selina
Kyle/cat-woman.
Genre: The genre of the script and filmis a
superhero action filmwhose aesthetic has
been heavily influenced by Tim Burton’s unique
dark and comic style morphing the genre so
that fits well with Buckingham’s 1993 theory
that genre is in a constant state of change and
development. With TimBurton’s unique style
helping to give the film a unique selling point
and to present it as different from other
superhero films of the time.
Target Audience: The target audience of
Batman Returns are most likely 20 -30 year old
men from a working or middle class
background who most likely enjoy reading
comic-books and previous cinematic works of
Tim Burton such as ‘Beetlejuice’, making them
more likely to view further films of his. The
audience will most likely come from niche or
alternative groups due the relatively small
appeal of the superhero genre at the time,
with only those who read comic books
knowing about the heroes and villains seen in
them. The target audience would most likely
belong to the explorer group to their
characteristics to find less known media and
topics to entertain themselves such as
superheroes, that wasn’t a mainstream genre
at the time.
2. Style: The Media of this script is radio
drama, with its producing body being BBC
Radio, a part of the BBC that handles
radio. This script differs from the
traditional, type-written format of most
scripts, with text written from the left to
right instead of the centralised format of
most scripts. This script also uses the
Calibri font instead of the courier font of
most scripts. This radio also has little to no
scene description unlike filmand radio
scripts, relying on the dialogue to establish
contextual features of the drama.
Content: This Christmas radio drama, set
in Mexico, is a thriller/mystery drama
lasting for about an hour and follows a
group of teenage carollers who invited
into a strange woman’s large house which
ends up to be not as friendly as
anticipated. Although set in Mexico, all
the characters speak English as this was
released to British listeners.
Genre: The genre of this radio genre is
thriller / horror / mystery, wielding
separate genres together in a single
narrative fitting Buckingham’s theory of
genre being in a constant state of change
to morph along with social and cultural
changes of society, and to create new and
original content.
RadioScript – ChristmasDrama Target Audience: Due to the limited
popularity of radio drama amongst
youth, the target audience of this drama
are most likely to be women aged 45-55,
from middle class families due to their
generation still being attracted to radio,
with women stereo-typically more likely
to be interested in a radio drama
starring children due to maternal
instincts. These women would have of
most likely belonged to mainstream
audience groups when younger, but due
to age, their interests would now be
deemed alternative or even niche. Due
to their age the audience would most
likely belong to the resigned group on
psychographic scale due to their
willingness to stick with older forms/less
fashionable forms of media.
Narrative Structure: This radio drama
follows the conventional three act
structure over its 58 minute run time
that fits Todorous’ theories on
equilibrium and disequilibrium. One can
also claimthat the narrative holds
elements of Levi Strauss’ theory of
opposing ideologies but these are less
certain and clearcut than in other
dramas and media.
3. Videogame Script–Call of JuarezStyle: The media of this chosen script is
Videogame, with it being produced by the
Focus Home Interaction Group and Ubisoft
America for Microsoft Windows. This script
follows the same format as most
conventional movie scripts, written in the
courier font with all dialogue being centred
with frequent lines of scene description
between sections of dialogue showing
constant change in scene. This differs from
the standard cinematic format of
scriptwriting whose sections of screen
description are less frequent than those
seen in this script.
Content: Call of Juarez is a PEGI 18 rated,
first person shooter videogame whose
story lasts around 20 hours. The game
follows a gunslinger named Juarez as he
moves between shooting sections of the
game. Unlike other pieces of media, in
videogames the advancement of narrative
is under your control and takes as long as
you wish as the protagonist is under your
control.
Genre: The genre of the game is western
/action game that unlike other forms of
modern media does not mix genres in
accordance of Buckingham’s 1993 theory
that genre is in a constant state of change,
establishing the game as having a more
traditional genre.
Target Audience: The target audience of
the videogame are most likely young
men who are stereotypically more
inclined to be interested in videogames
and the western genre that women, who
are aged between 20 and 25 due to the
games 18 rating preventing younger
persons from purchasing the game. The
target audience are mostly from middle
or working class backgrounds and enjoy
playing videogames as a pastime,
because of this they most likely belong
to the mainstream audience and
psychographic groups due to their want
to keep up to date on videogame
releases and pop culture.
Narrative Structure: This videogame like
most popular media follows the
conventional three structure that fits
strongly into Todorous’ theory on
equilibrium and disequilibrium, with your
role as controlling Juarez being to solve
any instances of disequilibrium and to
restore equilibrium with your character
acting alongside a virtuous and just
ideologies and your opponents being less
morally adept. This links to Levi Strauss’
theory of opposing ideologies.
4. Style: The media of this script is TV and the
producing institution is the ‘Cartoon Network
Assosiation’. This script has been written in a
dark comedic style that befits the genre of the
show, adressing dark topics and bizzare
situations while still retaining a comedic
element. The scripts written in a traditional
typewritten format of classic cinema but with
short frequent paragraphs describing the scene
between sections of dialouge that begin
comparitvly quickly when compared to the
scripts of other media such as film.
TV Script – Rick & Morty
Content: Rick and Morty is an animated Sci-fi
comedy that premiered on Adult Swim in 2013
with the first season running for 10 episodes
each lasting around 20 minutes. It follows the
wacky adventures of Morty, a high school
student and his genius/alcoholic grandfather,
Rick as they constantly find themselves in
traumatic sci-fi situations that also include
subplots about Morty’s sister summer and his
parents Beth And Jerry.
Genre: The genre of the show is Science fiction,
crossed with comedy that creates humour
through Meta comments and satire of classic
science fiction tropes such as time travel and
spaceships. This fits Buckingham’s 1993 theory
that genre is in a constant state of change as
traumatic experiences such as death and mass
genocide are portrayed as mundane events in
the lives of Rick and Morty, creating humour as
Morty slowly becomes accustomed to these
horrifying and discombobulating situations.
Target Audience: The Target audience of the
show are young men between the ages of 15
and 20 who are mostly from middle class
families who can relate to Morty by being
similarage making them more interested the
characters development and storyline. The
audience will most likely belong to the niche
or alternative audience groups due to the
shows small cult following, meaning that the
show has smaller but more loyal audience
than other TV shows, with many of the
characters also belonging to this group so
that the audience can relate to them further
.The audience also shows signs as belonging
to the explorer type due to their ability to
find and enjoy the relatively obscure show in
the first place as well as enjoying the
acquired taste of dark comedy that the show
has.
Narrative structure: Each episode of Rick and
Morty follows a typical three act structure
that fits Todorous’ 1969 theory of equilibrium
and disequilibrium. There are also strong
relations to Levi-Strauss’ theory of opposing
ideologies of good and bad, but these are
purposely skewed and muddled to form
moral and ethical dilemmas in the shows
narrative, for example the show there are
characters, such as entity, who do bad things
but for a good cause such as taking over a
planet by force but then helping its
inhabitants becoming the best they can be
and solving all the planets issues.
