What is SURVEILLANCE? Introduction to INFRARED ILLUMINATION. Infrared Illuminators and their need. Low-light imaging.

1. ILLUMINATION INCLUDING
INFRA-RED
ARCHITECTURAL SERVICES
TO,
AR. ASIT PANDEY SIR
PRESENTED BY,
SHUBHAM JAIN &
AKANKSHA MADHWANI

2. o Surveillance is the monitoring of behaviour,
activities, or other changing information for the
purpose of influencing, managing, directing, or
protecting people.
o This can include observation from a distance by
means of electronic equipment (such as closed-
circuit television (CCTV) cameras)
o It can also include simple no- relatively low-
technology methods such as human intelligence
and postal interception. Surveillance cameras are
video cameras used for the purpose of observing
the area.
o They are often connected to a recording device or
IP network, and may be watched by a security
guard or law enforcement officer.

3. o Infrared illuminators are devices which emit light in infrared spectrum.
o They can be active devices which emit their own infrared light like
various objects or passive devices which reflect the infra red light which
falls on them.
o One of the major application is in night vision cameras.
o The infrared illuminator incorporated in the night vision camera is
actually an ir led which emits light in infrared band.
o This infrared light is reflected by objects and is collected by the camera
lens.
o Infrared imaging is not only useful of surveillance but also for
applications like
➢ Checking heat insulation of buildings,
➢ Checking thermal pollution of water bodies.
➢ The ir illuminator can also be used in cctv
cameras

4. o Infrared illuminators are designed to address the additional
illumination that the camera can see but humans cannot, taking
advantage of a day/night camera’s sensitivity to near infrared-light.
o They are efficient & cost-effective, since they can add enough light
over the camera’s field of view to produce the desired image quality.
TRACER F-900 INFRARED ILLUMINATOR

5. o Night vision cameras are used in many
applications like in spying robots and also for
surveillance purpose.
o Like any normal camera, they too require
illumination for their operation.
o But for cameras used in surveillance purpose
that are used mostly at night we cannot rely
on visible light.
o In some cases this visible light can be
amplified, but these cameras are not reliable
and cannot be used at places where there is
no light at all.
o For this purpose, another part of spectrum of
light is used, that is the infrared band.
o Some of the cameras makes use of the fact
that all warm bodies radiate infrared light.

6. o An infrared illuminator works on the
fact that all warm objects emit infrared
radiation. Infra red band occupy a
bandwidth besides the visible red band.
o They are not affected by surrounding light.
o They are inexpensive.
o The cameras using ir illuminators have good
sensitivity
o IR leds specifically have lower consumption rate
and longer lifetime.
o It is possible to take pictures at night time
without disturbing the environment

7. 1. Infrared lasers:
A LASER or light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
system works on the principle of amplification of generated light by
constant stimulation by the generated photons. I.E. When a electron is
illuminated with a photon, it gets energized and jumps to the higher
level and while coming back to its original level, it emits another
photon. This process continues and this is how a LASER emits light.
Lasers emitting infrared light can be solid state lasers made up of
materials like neodymium-yag LASER which emits infrared light at
1064 nanometres. Lasers emitting IR light are often considered to be
dangerous and used mainly for military purposes

8. 2. Filtered incandescent lamps:
o These devices consist of traditional incandescent lamps which are
covered with the infrared filter which allow only the infrared
spectrum of the light produced, to pass through and block all other
part of the spectrum.
o Mostly objects like vegetation, wild life, sand, etc which emit most
of the heat are the objects which can be pictured using cameras
with infrared filters.

9. 3. IR LED:
o The IR illuminator mostly uses IR LED. An IR LED is a special LED
which emits infra red rays in the range of 760nm.
o They are mostly made up of gallium arsenide or aluminium
gallium arsenide. They operate at a voltage around 1.4v. They can
either work in direct emission mode or reflected emission mode.
o Normally an array of such LEDs is incorporated in night vision
cameras.

10. o Near- infrared illumination is a method of night vision
where in a device that is sensitive to invisible. Near
infrared-illumination is used in conjunction with an
infrared illuminator.
o A popular and inexpensive method of night vision, near
infrared illumination is used in a variety of applications.
o Near-infrared illumination, low light imaging and thermal
imaging are the three most common night-vision
technologies.

11. o The low light imaging technique makes use of image intensifiers
and on chip gain multiplication cameras for the entire process.
Whereas, the near infrared illumination technique requires the
usage of IR illuminator that help in obtaining a finer and sharper
image.
o As the low light imaging method makes use of the amplification
method, it needs at least some amount of light in order to capture
an image. The near infrared, on the other hand can perform well
even during the night time mist, fog, rain and also snowfall

12. o The low light imaging technology is usually used in the objects such as
night vision goggles and night scopes that can be used for a better
vision in low light. Near IR is used in the form of filtered incandescent
lamps, LED type and the laser type illuminators. These are used along
with night vision cameras to capture images even in the dark.
o An advanced feature that may not be observed using the low light
imaging method is eliminating shadows and identifying letters, numbers
and objects. All this is possible with the use of infrared illuminators.
o Finally, speaking about the cost, the near infrared illumination method
is the least expensive method that can be used for night vision.

13. THE END
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