2. Bangladesh is a unitary, independent and sovereign republic comprising
three basic organs: The Executive, the Legislature, and the Judiciary. The
President is the Head of State and is elected by the members of Parliament.
The President acts in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister.
Bangladesh has primarily an agrarian economy. Agriculture is the single
largest sector in the economy producing about 30% of the country’s GDP and
employing around 60% of the total labour force. The country has a
considerable number of large, medium and small-sized industries in both
the public and private sectors based on both indigenous and imported raw
materials. Among them are jute, cotton, textiles, fertilizer, engineering,
shipbuilding, steel, oil-refinery, paper, newsprint, sugar, chemicals, cement
and leather.
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3. East Bengal - the eastern segment of Bengal - was a historically
prosperous region. The Ganges Delta provided advantages of a mild,
almost tropical climate, fertile soil, ample water, and an abundance of
fish, wildlife, and fruit. The standard of living is believed to have been
higher compared with other parts of South Asia. As early as the
thirteenth century, the region was developing as an agrarian
economy. Bengal was the junction of trade routes on the
Southeastern Silk Road. Under Mughal rule, it was a center of the
worldwide muslin, silk and pearl trade. The British East India company,
however, on their arrival in the late eighteenth century, chose to
develop Calcutta, now the capital city of West Bengal, as their
commercial and administrative center for the company held territories in
South Asia.Ripon 3
6. GDP $260.166 billion (nominal; 2017)
$702.000 billion (PPP; 2017)
GDP rank 41th (nominal) / 29th (PPP)
GDP growth 6.1% (2014), 6.6% (2015),
7.1% (2016e), 6.9% (2017f)
GDP per capita $1,508.493 (nominal; 2017)
$4,204.774 (PPP; 2017)
GDP per capita rank 150th (nominal) / 139th (PPP)
Main industries jute, cotton, garments, paper, leather, fertilizer,
iron and steel, cement, petroleum products,
tobacco, pharmaceuticals, ceramics, tea, salt,
sugar, edible oils, soap and detergent, fabricated
metal products, electricity, natural gas
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7. Exports $37.61 billion (FY2015-16)
Export goods garments, knitwear, agricultural products,
frozen food (fish and seafood), jute and jute
goods, leather
Main export partners US 13.9%, Germany 12.9%, UK 8.9%, France 5%,
Spain 4.7% (2015)
Imports $40.69 billion (FY 2014-15)
Import goods cotton, machinery and equipment, chemicals,
iron and steel, foodstuffs
Main import partners China 22.4%, India 14.1%, Singapore 5.2%
(2015)
Gross external debt $35.49 billion (31 December 2015 est.)Ripon 7
8. Year
Gross Domestic
Product (Million
Taka)
US Dollar
Exchange
Inflation Index
(2000=100)
Per Capita Income
(as % of USA)
1980 250,300 16.10 Taka 20 1.79
1985 597,318 31.00 Taka 36 1.19
1990 1,054,234 35.79 Taka 58 1.16
1995 1,594,210 40.27 Taka 78 1.12
2000 2,453,160 52.14 Taka 100 0.97
2005 3,913,334 63.92 Taka 126 0.95
2008 5,003,438 68.65 Taka 147
2015 17,295,665 78.15 Taka. 196 2.48
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