Seminar presentation ppt of phytoremediation

1. PHYTOREMEDIATION
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE MEENANGADI
GUIDED BY
ASNA SHIRINV M
PRESENTED BY
ABHIRAM K S
2101011167

2. PHYTOREMEDIATION

3. •PHYTOREMEDIATION : The process of removing
contamination from soil or water using plants.
• Phyto = plant
• remedium = restoring balance
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
1
WHAT IS PHYTOREMEDIATION ?
PHYTOREMEDIATION

4. • Heavy metals (Cd, Cr (VI), Pb, Co, Cu, Pb, Ni, Se, Zn)
• Radionuclides (Cs, Sr, Ur)
• Chlorinated solvents (TCE, PCE)
• Petroleum hydrocarbons (BTEX)
• Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
• Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
• Chlorinated pesticides
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
2
CONTAMINANTS
PHYTOREMEDIATION

5. PHYTOREMEDIATION
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
3
Bioremediation contains only through the plants which mitigate the
environmental problem without the need of excavate.
PHYTOREMEDIATION

6. The technologies use to clean up the soil, air and water of the plants
and it has eliminate metals, pesticides, solvents, explosives, crude oil.
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
4
PHYTOREMEDIATION

7. large
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
5
• It is environmentally friendly.
• Phytoremediation is cost effective it suited to remediation of
area of soil.
• It involves no noise and expensive equipment.
products.
• The possibility of the recovery and re-use of valuable
• Multiple contaminants removal.
• Easy to implement and maintain & accepted by public.
ADVANTAGES OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
PHYTOREMEDIATION

8. • Take several years to remediate a contaminated site.
• Limited to shallow groundwater, soils and sediments.
• Not as effective for sites with high contaminant
concentrations.
• phytoremediation is slower than conventional methods.
• Influenced by soil and climate condition of the site. It does not
work in the winter. (seasonally effective)
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
DISADVANTAGES OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
PHYTOREMEDIATION
6

9. HOW DOES PHYTOREMEDIATION WORK?
7

10. •Plant roots takes contaminants from the ground into the “body” of
the plants.
•The soil supports larger population of diverse microorganisms,
due to chemicals exuded by plant roots which provide carbon and
energy for microbial growth.
PHYTOREMEDIATION
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
8

11. HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE
● Contaminant concentrations are high.
● The contaminated area is large or deep.
● Plants that have a long growing time are used.
● The growing season is short.
PHYTOREMEDIATION
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
9

12. hytostimulation
.
Phytoextraction Phytovolatilization
Phytoremedia
tion
Phytostabilization Rhizofiltration
Phytotransformation
PHYTOREMEDIATION
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
10

13. Phytovolañlization
Phytoextracfion
Phytodegrdat1an
Phytost1mulat1on
Phytostabilizañon
Translocation
Phytofiitrahon
. Stabgized pollutants
Pollutants uptake
11

14. 1. Phytoextraction
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
The uptake of contaminants by plant roots and movement of these contaminants
from roots to the above part of plants – by absorbing, concentrating and
precipitating the contaminants.
Two way for phytoextraction:
1.Naturel: plants naturally take up contaminants from the soil- unassisted.
2.Assisted: Use of chelating agents, microbes and plant hormones to mobilize
and accelerate contaminant uptake.
PHYTOREMEDIATION
12

15. 2. Phytostabilization
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
The technique that uses plants to immobilize, sequester, or reduce the mobility
of contaminants in soil and water, helping to mitigate environmental pollution.
PHYTOREMEDIATION
13

16. 3. Phytotransformation/ (phytodegradation)
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
Plants which absorb and modify pollutants, transforming them into less harmful
substances through metabolic activities
PHYTOREMEDIATION
14

17. 4. Phytostimulation (Rhizodegradation)
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
Breakdown of contaminants within the plant such as root zone, or rhizosphere.
• Carried out by bacteria or other microorganisms flourishing in the rhizosphere.
• Microbes in rhizosphere transform contaminant to non toxic product.
• Work well in the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons.
PHYTOREMEDIATION
15

18. 5. Phytovolatilization
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
them into
Involves plants taking up contaminants from soil, transforming
volatile forms and transpiring them into atmosphere.
• Work on organic compounds and heavy metal contaminant, TCE as well.
• Mercury is the primary metal contaminant that process has been user for.
PHYTOREMEDIATION
16

19. 6. Rhizofiltration
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
Adsorption or precipitation into plant roots or absorption of contaminants in the
solution surrounding the root zone.
• Used to remediate extracted groundwater, surface water , and waste water
with low contaminants.
• Compared to phytoextraction , here the plants are used to address the
groundwater rather than soil.
PHYTOREMEDIATION
17

20. Plant species are selected for use based on factors such as:
• Ability to extract or degrade the contaminants of concern
• Adaptation to local climates
• High biomass
• Depth root structure
• Compatibility with soil
• Growth rate
• Ease of planting and maintenance
• Ability to take up large quantities of water through the roots.
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
TYPES OF PLANTS USED
PHYTOREMEDIATION
18

21. Hydrangeas :
Absorb
aluminium out of
the soil.
Water hyssop :
Removes lead,
mercury ,
cadmium and
chromium from
bogs and
wetland
Helianthus
annus :Carbon
monoxide ,
mercury,
cadmium, Nickel
Willow trees :
Absorb cadmium
, zinc and copper
PHYTOREMEDIATION
19

22. Stonewort :
Chlorinated
solvent, Phenols,
Herbicides
Alfalfa :
Selenium(Se),
Mercury(Hg)
Poplar trees :
Selenium(Se),
Mercury(Hg)
Brassica juncea :
Cadmium(Cd),
Chromium(Cr),
Hassium(Hs),
Zinc(Zn),
Copper(Cu)
PHYTOREMEDIATION
20

23. l. Although much remains to be studied, phytoremediation will clearly play some
role in the stabilisation and remediation of many contaminated sites.
ll. The main factor driving the implementation of phytoremediation projects are
low costs with signification improvement in site aesthetics and the potential
for ecosystem restoration.
CONCLUSION
PHYTOREMEDIATION
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI 21

24. REFERENCES
1. Flash demo on phytoremediation-https://illumin.usc.edu/printer/80/phytoremediation.
2. Donn J.(2001). Fern will detoxify soil- Fern a possible toxic waste cure, pp 8A. In newspaper.
Rome News – Tribute
http://news.google.com/newspapers?
nid=348&dat=20010201&id=XzgxAAAAIBAJ&sjid=szsDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6042.44971
3. Mishra C.S.K(2007) Rhizoremediation – An Emerging Technology for Management of Environmental
pollutants. in: Environmental Biotechnology, pp209-223. Balaji Offset.
http://books.google.mu/books?
id=YN0ZNmraDDMC&printsec=frontcovo#onepage&q&f=false
4. “PHYTOREMEDIATION TRANSFORMATION AND CONTROL OF CONTAMINANTS”
By Steven C. McCutcheon , Jerald L . Schnoor.
http://deoracle.org/learning-objects/phytoremediation.html
PHYTTOREMEDIATION
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI 22

25. 5. University of Hawaii – Department of Bioremediation Technologies
Department of Civil Engineering, GPTC MEENANGADI
6. http://www.Hawaii.edu/adrp/Technologies/phytran.html
7. Nordlander H.(2012). Comparative assessment of rhizodegradation approachment to PAHs
pollution. International Summer Water Resources Research school. Dept. of Water Resources
Engineering, Lund University published online.
http://www.tvrl.lth
se/fileadmin/tvrl/files/vvrf05/HannaN_Comparative_assessment_of_rhizodegradation_approcehes_to
PAHs_pollution.pdf
8. Test by Price. J and Dare. S
http://homeopathtyler.wordpress.com/2010/06/18/phyt-remediation-using-plants-to-remove-toxins
PHYTOREMEDIATION
23

26. Did you get ?