4. Personality?
An individual's patterns of behavior, or
the characteristic expression of himself. It
refers to the total individual and includes
needs, motives, methods of adjusting,
temperament qualities, self-concept, role
behaviors, attitudes, values and abilities
(Dictionary of Social Work, 1993)
5. Bio-Psycho-Social Model
Bio Social
Genes, Nutrition,
Physiological Activities,
Brain Changes,
Social Support, Stress,
Trauma, Environment
Psycho
Emotions, Behaviors,
Reactions,Personality,
Thoughts
8. 01
02
03
Introduction
Thin, Tall, Fragile, Narrowly built and
looks very weak.
Muscular and energetic
Round and robust or
plump
Asthenic
Athletic
Pyknic
Dysplastic 04 Malproportioned body, a
combination of any of the above
body built.
Ernst Kretschmer,
a German psychiatrist
presented personality
classification based on
body built
9. 01
02
03
Introduction
Round, soft bodies with large
abdomen
hard, sturdy with strong bones
and muscles
Thin, small boned, fragile
with flat chest
Endomorphy
Mesomorphy
Ectomorphy
Sheldon's Primary
Component of Body
Built
11. Allport's definition of personality
Dynamic Organization
Psychophysical
Characteristics behaviors
and thoughts
Determine
Evolving and changing
Neither inclusively
mental nor exclusively
neutral
What lies behind
specific acts unique adjustments to the environment
12. Personality
?
Totality of individual
psychic qualities
“No brain, no
personality”
Structral and dynamic
properties of an individual
as they reflect themselves in
characteristic response to a
situationPerson's unique
patterns of traits
Impression an
individual makes on
others.
13. Erroneous Methods of Assessing Personality
First Impression
Pseudo-scientific method
Physiognomy
Phrenology
Graphology
14. Filipino Personality and Culture
Bahala Na
Utang na Loob
Smooth Interpersonal
Relationship
Pakikisama
Go between
Euphemism
Hiya
Hospitality
15. Sigmund Freud
Joseph Breuer, found out that some
fo the sypmtoms of his patients
would disappear temporarily or
permanently by encouraging them to
express their feelings and emotions.
He called this process CATHARSIS
Tranference
Counter Transference
Classical Psychoanalysis
16. Id
Ego
Supe
rego
the most primitive of the three
structures, is concerned with instant
gratification of basic physical needs
and urges.
concerned with social rules and
morals—similar to what many people
call their ” conscience ” or their
“moral compass.”
the rational, pragmatic part of our
personality.
Conscience Ego-ideal
17.
18. The inhibition of an impulse
by either the ego or the
superego
Cathexis and Anti-cathexis
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Refers to the relationship
or connection between a
need and an objetc that
will satisfy the need.
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19. Birth Trauma - most extremme form of
anxiety human beings experience is when
they are separated from their mother at
birth.
Moral Anxiety - fear of doing something contrary to the superego and thus experience guilt.
Neurotic Anxiety - fear that impulses
of the id will overwhelm the ego and
making the person do something for
which he or she will be punished
Reality Anxiety - caused by real,
objective sources of danger in the
environment.
20. 01
02
03
04
Anxiety
Deal with the situation directly
Denying the situation itself
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General ways to decrease anxiety
D E F E N S E M E C H A N I S M
21. Defense
Mechanisms
(adaptive mechanisms) are specific,
intrapsychic adjustments efforts which
are utilized to resolve emotional conflict
and free and the individual from anxiety.
They deny, falsify or distort reality. They
operate unconsciously so that the person
is not aware of what is taking place.
22. 01
02
03
04
05
06
Defense Mechanisms
Fantasy -
Temporary escapes
from the frustrations of
reality
Nomadism - continual
wandering from palce to
place.
Regression -
going back
Repression - process of
excluding from conscious
awareness of undesirable
thought, feeling, or memory that
casues pain, shame or guilt.
Displacement -a feeling is
transferred from its actual object
to a substitute.
Scapegoating -blaming another
person for one failure or
mistake.
23. 07
08
09
10
11
12
Defense Mechanisms
Free-Floating Anger
-chronic reaction pattern in
which hostility becomes
generalized so that even neutral
situations are reacted to with
hostility
Suicide - hostility to one's
self
Projection - the individual
unconsciously convince
himself that others have the
undesirbale thoughts and
motives that he actually has
himself.
Sublimation - indirect expression
of a need which cannot be
satisfied directly, through
acceptance of an alternate goal
which provides a socially
acceptable outlet of expression of
the sexual urge.
Substitution - expression of
frustrated impulses indirectly
with no change in conscious
quality of desires.
Rationalization - logical
explanations are devised to
explain and justify behavior
which might result loss of social
approval and self-esteem
24. Free Association
What is not spoken is as important as
what is spoken
Dream Analysis
Dreams are camouflaged or disguised
thoughts.
Condensation
when a part of
something symbolizes
the whole thing.
Synthesis
When an idea in the manifest content
of a dream is actually a combination of
many ideas in the latent content
Dislocation
displacement of unacceptable ideas to
something sybolically quivalent and
acceptable
Everyday Life
All human behavior have a cause;
nothing happends simply by chance.
Humor
Humor always allows expressions of
repressed thoughts in a socially
approved manner..
25. where the need arises, may be a
part of the whole body; a
deficiency of some kind
The Source
The amount of energy, force, or
pressure that is used to satisfy or
gratify the impulse
The Impetus
reduce the need until no more
action is necessary
The Aim
It represents experiences or
objects that reduces or remove
body deficiency.
TheObject
Dynamics of Personality
26. This is the complete cycle
of behavior from
relaxation to tension to
activity and back to
relaxation
Tension Reduction Model
Many thoughts and behvaiors do not
reduce tensions; in fact, they cate
and maintain tension, stress and
anxiety.
28. Stage 01
Stage 02
Stage 03
Psychosexual Stages of Development
Pregenital Stage
Latency Stage
Genital StageA. Oral Stage
-(1st year of life)
-Erogenous zone is the
mouth
-Physical expression are
sucking, biting, and licking
or smacking one's lips
B. Anal Stage
-2nd year of life
-Erogenous zone is the anus
or buttocks region
-Pleasure is derived from
feces expulsion.
C. Phallic Stage
-(3rd - 5th year of life)
-Erogenous zone is the
genital area.
-Considered as the most
controversial stage.
Oedipus Complex
The male child will fear the
father as he views him as
his dominant rivals
Electra Complex
female child's feeling of
competition with her
mother
Considered by Freud as the
basic ingredients of the
adult personality
29. Stage 01
Stage 02
Stage 03
Psychosexual Stages of Development
Pregenital Stage
Latency Stage
Genital Stage
Lower sexual
energy and no
live object, a
time of relative
calm. For freud,
one's personality
is generally
completed by
this stage
30. Stage 01
Stage 02
Stage 03
Psychosexual Stages of Development
Pregenital Stage
Latency Stage
Genital Stage
Final stage following puberty.
This is the time when the
person emerges from pre-
genital stage as the adult he or
she is destined to become.
31. Psychosexual Stages of Development
Stage Age
Erogenous Zone or Primary
source of pleasure
Gratification Conflict
A. Pre-genital Stage
Oral 0-1 Mouth
Eating, Biting, Thumb
sucking, chewing
Weaning
Anal 2-3 Anus Bowel Movement Toilet Training
Phallic 3-6 Phallus/Genital
Penis (male)
Clitoris (female)
Oedipus and
Electra Complex
B. Latency
6-12 None
School, works,
hobbies
social interactions
with others
C. Genital
12 -adult Genital
Hetero-sexual
mating
Intimate
Relationship
32. Psycho-Social Stages of Development
Stage Age CRISIS VIRTUE
ORAL SENSORY 0-1 BASIC TRUST vs. MISTRUST HOPE
MUSCULAR ANAL 2-3 AUTONOMY vs. SHAME and DOUBT WILL
LOCOMOTOR GENITAL 4-5 INITIATIVE vs. GUILT PURPOSE
LATENCY 6-11 INDUSTRY vs. INFERIORITY COMPETENCE
PUBERTY AND ADOLESCENCE 12-20 IDENTITY vs. ROLE CONFUSION FIDELITY
YOUNG ADULTHOOD 20-24 INTIMACY vs. ISOLATION LOVE
ADULTHOOD 25-65 GENERATIVITY vs. STAGNATION CARE
MATURITY 65 - DEATH INTEGRITY vs. DISGUST/DESPAIR WISDOM
