The document summarizes the Iran Nuclear Deal. It provides background on Iran's nuclear program and the sanctions imposed by the international community. It then describes the key terms of the 2015 deal, including limits on centrifuges and enrichment levels. It notes that the deal was reached to ensure Iran's program would remain peaceful. However, in 2018, US President Trump withdrew the US from the deal, reimposing sanctions on Iran and concerning European allies who wanted to preserve the agreement. The withdrawal impacted oil prices and international relations. Possible solutions discussed include renegotiating the deal or pursuing diplomatic and political approaches.

1. Presented By: Aashish Ilwadhi
Roll no.: 177
Section: Delta
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2. Contents
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S.No. Title Page No.
1. History 3
2. Non-Proliferation Treaty 4
3. The Background 5
4. Sanctions imposed on Iran 6
5. Effects on Iran due to Sanctions 7
6. What is Iran Nuclear deal? 8
7. Reasons why Iran agreed 9
8. Terms of the Deal 10
9. US withdrawal from the Deal 11
10. Impact on India 12
11. Possible Solutions 13
12. Bibliography 14

3. History
• 1950s- US agreed to provide a nuclear reactor to Iran
• 1968- Iran signs Non-proliferation treaty (NPT)
• After Iranian Revolution (1979)- US embassy in Iran was attacked
• US supported Iraq during the Iran-Iraq war (1980-88)
• In 1984, started making nuclear bombs
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4. Non-Proliferation Treaty
• Signed on July 01, 1968 and
became effective from
March 5, 1970
• 189 States Parties
• Three Main Pillars:
(a) Non Proliferation
(b) Disarmament
(c) Peaceful Use
• Reviewed every 5 years
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5. The Background
• 2002- Iran suspected to have nuclear
facilities
• Continued proceeding with nuclear
developments despite international
opposition
• 2006- UN imposed sanctions on Iran,
followed by similar actions from the USA
& the EU
• Bitter confrontations broke out between
Iran and the world powers
• Crude oil, prices went through a volatile
period
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6. Sanctions imposed on Iran
• Oil embargo
• Ban on dealing in the property
• Complete arms embargo
• Ban on the export of all items, materials, equipment, goods, & technology
• Total economic embargo
• Ban on all Iranian-origin imports, sanctions on Iranian financial institutions
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7. Effects on Iran due to Sanctions
• Shrinking of GDP
• High Inflation between 50% to 70% in 2013
• Cut off from the world Economic System
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8. Iran Nuclear Deal
• The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was reached between
Iran and the US, the UK, Russia, France, China, Germany and the EU in July
2015
• Reached to ensure Iran's nuclear program will be "exclusively peaceful"
• IAEA announced on “Implementation day" on Jan 16, 2016 and US then
agreed to lift nuclear-related sanctions on Iran
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9. Reasons why Iran agreed
• UNSC, EU, USA sanctions will be lifted
• Iran can freely trade in international market, borrow loans from AIIB,
World Bank etc
• Crude oil prices declined, and given the economic sanction, Iran has not
much to export
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10. Terms of the Deal
Centrifuge Limitation
Level of Enrichment
Limitation
Facility Limitation
Stockpile Limitation
Centrifuge R&D
Arak Reactor
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11. US withdrawal form the deal
• Donald Trump on May 08, 2018 withdrew from the Iran nuclear
agreement
• Trump claimed that Iran is building a nuclear program
• US to re-impose sanctions on Iran
• Germany, France and UK concerned about Trump’s decision
• Israeli PM supported Trump’s decision
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12. Impact on India
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Oil Prices
International North South Transport
Corridor
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation

13. Possible Solutions
• Rewriting the deal
• Diplomatic Effort
• Role of European Union
• Political Solution
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14. Bibliography
• https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-44052734
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran_nuclear_deal_framework
• https://www.vox.com/world/2018/5/8/17328858/iran-nuclear-deal-
trump-announcement-chart
• https://medium.com/@ObamaWhiteHouse/introduction-fcb13560dfb9
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15. Thank You!!
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