About the contributions of Albert Einstein in Science

1. THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF
ALBERT EINSTEIN
Presented by
Arya.S
Physical science

2. ALBERT EINSTEIN
Einstein was born on March,14,1879,
In Ulm,Wurttemberg,Germany.He
was an America Physicist who deve-
loped the special and general theori
es of relativity,the equivalence of
Mass and energy,and the photon theory of light.
Einstein earned a doctorate at the Polytechnic academy in
Zurich in 1905 and in the same year he published 4 research paper
.In 1921 he was awarded the Nobel prize for physics for his
Photoelectric law and work in theoretical physics.In 1933 Einstein
joined the Institute for advance study in Princeton,and continued
to work there until his death on April 18,1955.

3. Albert Einstein's Major Contributions are:
 Quantom Theory of Light and photo electric effect
 Mass Energy relation
 Concept of rest energy
 Special theory of relativity
 General theory of ralativity
 Explanation for Brownian movement
 Bose-Einstein condensate
 Einstein's law of equivalence
 Manhattam project
 Albert Einsteins refrigerator
 He enabled the determination of Avagadro's number and
therefore the size of molecules
 Albert Einstein provided empirical evidence for the atomic theor

4. Quantom theory of light and
Photoelectric effect
 Albert Einstein's Quantom theory of
light proposed that light is composed of
small packets of energy called photons
that have wave like properties .
 In the energy ,he also explained the
emission of electrons from some metals
is strike by lightning this was called the
photoelectric effect.

5. K.E. = hν – Φ

This is Einstein's photoelectric equation
 This theory later led to the invension
of the T V ,mobile,which gave
technologists a vision to return up with
a moder day device (smart phones
,computer ,laptops)

6. Mass Energy Relation
Albert Einsteins theory
Of Relativity ,remains
One of the most significant equations in the
history of physics
 This equation concludes that mass(M)and
kinetic energy (E)are equal since speed of light is
constant .According to this theory mass can be
changed in to energy and vice versa.
 He demonstrated the link between mass and
energy that leads to nuclear energy today.

7. Concept Of Rest Energy
Mass Energy relation showed that a
particle possesses an energy called Rest
energy distinct from its classi-cal kinetic
and potential energies.
 It implied that gravity had the ability to
bend light.
And could be used to calculate the
amount of energy released or consumed
during nuclear reactions.

8. Special Theory Of Relativity
In 1905 ,Einstein presented the special
theory of relativity in an article entitled
Electrodynamics of moving bodies.
 According to this theory time and
motion are relative to their observatio-ns
long as the speed of light remains
constant and natural laws are same
throughout the universe.

10. General Theory Of Relativity
 Einstein's General
theory provides an
unified description of
gravity as a geometric
property of space and
time,or space time .

11. General relativity helped to model the
large scale structure of the universe and its
predictions have been confirmed in all
observationd and experiments to date.
It has developed in to essential tool in
modern astrophysics providing
understanding of phenomena like black
holes and gravitational lensing.

12. Brownian Movement
Einstein was able to
give an explanation
about Brownian mo-
vement .According to
Einstein,thermal molecular movements
are responsible for random movements
of microscop-ically visible objects
suspended in liquids.

13. Einstein's Law Of Equivalence
Einstein has formulated a law
governing the conservation of
energy inthe phenomenon of
interaction of matter with matter
or matter with radiation.It is known
as Einstein's law of equivalence
and finds constant applications in
atomic physics.

14. Manhattan Project
Albert Einstein created the Manhattan
project by U.S , which lead to the
developement of atom bomb in 1945.

15. Einstein's Refrigerator
Einstein developed a
refrigerator design that
used ammonia,water and
butane and required
almost no energy to figure .
Considering energy demands of the
planet companies may realize the importance of
cooling and refrigerator
without energy and developed this idea further with
in the near future.

16. He enabled the determination of
Avagadro's number and therefore
the size of molecules
 During his explanation of Brownian
motion,Einstein determined the size
of atoms,and how many atoms are
there in a mole.He enabled the
experimental determination
ofAvagadro's number and therefore
the size of molecules .

17.  In conclusion Albert Einstein
had spent his entire life with
his researches and works
contributing great changes
and invensions in many fields
of science which are even very
important in the modern
world.

18. References
 Mechanics - S.R Shankara Narayana,
K.L Chopra
 Modern physics-J.B Rajam
 Modern physics-B.L Theraja
 Genius explained- J.A.Howe
 Britannica 4(Micropedia ready refer-
. ence)
 https://www.space.com/15524-albert-einstein.html
 www.space.com/theory-general-relativity.html

19. Thank you