detail description

1. COVID-19

2. INTRODUCTION
At the end of 2019, novel corona
was identified as the cause of a
cluster of pneumonia causes in
human. It rapidly spread resulting
in an epidemic throughout China
and also spread the other
countries throughout the world.

3. DEFINITION
SARS-COV-2 , the virus that causes
COVID-19.
 It is the largest category for an RNA
virus.
It most cases, it is difficult to detect
if coronavirus or a different cold –
causing virus is fever.

4. ETIOLOGY
 It spread mainly person to person among
those in close contact.
 The virus spread by respiratory droplets
released when the virus cough , sneezes
and breaths.
 It can also spread if a person touches a
surface or object with the virus on it and
touches the mouth, nose or eyes.
 Use infected persons equipment.

5. RISK FACTORS

6. SIGN & SYMPTOMS

7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Due to etiological factors
. ▼
Damage of type –ll cell
▼
Less surfactant release
▼
Surfacetansion Increase
▼
Impaired gas exchange
▼
Less Oxygen in blood

8. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
RT-PCR test
Blood test
NAAT
Serology test
Rapid antigen test
Rapid antibody test

9. MANAGEMENT
1. Pharmacological management
 Antibiotic for infection (Ceftriaxone , Zentamicin ,
Amikacin)
 Antiemetics for vomiting (Ondansetron , Granisetron)
 Antipyretic for fever ( Paracetamol)
 Antivirul for viral infection ( Acyclovir , Penciclovir )
 Antiasthmatics for shortness of breath ( Bronchodilator –
Salbutamal , Budicort , Duolin )

10. 2 NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT :
 Isolate yourself in a well ventilated room.
 Use a triple layered medical mask , discard
mask after 8 hours of use or carrier if they
become wet or visible.
 Mask should be discarded only after
disinfecting it with 1% sodium hypochloride.

11.  Take rest and drink a lot of fluids to
maintain adequate hydration.
 Frequent handle hand washing with soap
and water. For at least 40 seconds or clean
with alcohol based sanitizer.
 Do not share personal items with other
people in the household.

12.  Ensure cleaning of surfaces in the room that are
touched after ( table , tops , door , handle etc )
with in 1 L hypochlorite solution.
 Monitor oxygen saturation with a pulse oximeter
daily.
 Connect with the treating physician promptly if
any deterior or action of symptoms is noticed .

13. DIETARY MANAGEMENT
Food to be eaten and avoided :
Eaten Food: Fruits, Vegetable,
almonds , hot milk .
Avoided Food: Oily food, Cold
drinks, Ice-cream, cold coffee,
Smoking, Alcohol.

14. Nursing Management
 General Assessment
 Assess the Patient condition.
 Check the vital signs.
 Physical examination should be done.

15. Nursing Diagnosis
1. Nursing diagnosis : Hyperthermia related to the infectious
process as evidence by checking vital signs.
2. Goal :To decrease the temperature of the patient.
3. Intervention:
 Cover patient with extra clothing or blanket.
 Check the vital signs and total heart beat and record.
 During the hot stage, expose patient, open nearby
windows put on and tapid sponge patient.
 Give prescribed antipyretic drug.

16. 2 . Nursing diagnosis : Dyspnea related to disease condition
as evidence by respiratory
rate.
Goal :To maintain optimal breathing pattern.
Intervention:
 Patient vital signs are assessed.
 Oxygen saturation level is monitored.
 High flowler position is maintained.
 Medicine are provided to the patient.

17. 3. Nursing diagnosis : Imbalance nutrition less than
body requirement related to inadequate intake of
essential Nutrition as evidence by weight loss.
Goal : To improve nutritional level.
 Intervention:
 To provide health diet .
 To maintain the intake output chart .
 To encourage patient to take iron rich food.
 To provided medicine.

18. 4 . 4. Nursing diagnosis : Knowledge deficit related to lack of
knowledge about the disease condition as evidence by
frequent questioning.
Goal : To increase the knowledge about the disease
condition.
 Intervention:
 Discuss the need for proper nutritional intake and
imbalanced.
 Provide information on the administration of drugs, drug
interactions, side effects.
 Review the need for personal hygiene and environmental
clearliness.

19. COMPLICATION

20. CONCLUSION
There are hundreds of corona viruses ,
most of which circulate in animals ,
only seven of these viruses infect
humans and four of them cause
symptoms of the common cold.

21. THANK YOU