Here is slides on types of hydro power plant. in many slides their is miss-location of words sorry for that.

1. Sit Dolor Amet
CLSSIFICATION OF
HYDRO ELECTRIC PLANT
Submitted by – Ankit Kumar
EEE 3rd Sem (2019)
Government Engineering college
raipur

4. Availability of water flow
(Means Hydro plant is depended upon water flow on that area)
1
2
3
Type - 1

5. RUN OFF RIVER PLANT WITHOUT PONDAGE
/ GRAVITY PLANT
• It is a type of hydroelectric generation plant whereby little or no
water storage is provided.
• There is no control on water flow.
• A plant without pondage is subject to seasonal river flows, thus the
plant will operate as an intermittent energy source.
• Generating capacity is primarily depending on the rate of flow of
water
• During low flow run-off periods , the generating capacity of power
plant is low
(Pondage usually refers to the comparably small water storage behind the weir of a run-of-the-river
hydroelectric power plant)
What is pondage -

6. Top view
The Chief Joseph Dam is a
Largest concrete gravity
dam on the Columbia River,
2.4 km (1.5 mi) upriver
from Bridgeport, Washington
Exampl
e

7. RUN OFF RIVER PLANT WITH PONDAGE
• This type of plant is used to increase the capacity of pond , The
pond is used as a storage water for hydro electric power plant
• Increased the pond size means more water is available in the
plant ,so such type of pound is used in electric power plant as
needed.
• This plant can be used on parts of the load curve requirement ,
within certain limitations
• It is more useful than a plant without pondage or storage.
Pondage

8. RESERVOIR PLANTS
Most of the hydro-electric plants, everywhere in the world, belong to this
category.
• It carrying over storage from wet season to
the next dry season
• Water is stored behind the dam and is
available to plant with proper control
• It has better capacity and can be used through
out year
• It can be used as a base load plant or peak
load plant as required
• It can also be used on any portion of the load
curve as required

9. EXAMPLE-Grand Coulee of reservoir plants. In U S A, KRASNOYARKS plant in USSR and BHAKRA
plant in India are notable examples of reservoir plants..
Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam on the Sutlej
River in Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh in northern
India. The dam forms the Gobind Sagar reservoir.
The dam, at 741 ft (226 m), is one of the highest
gravity dams in the world (compared to USA's largest
Oroville Dam at 770 ft).
Grand Coulee Dam is a concrete gravity dam on
the Columbia River in the U.S. state of
Washington, built to produce hydroelectric power
Height: 168 m
Annual generation: 6,809 megawatts
Installed capacity 1325 MW

10. AVAILABILITY OF WATER HEAD
Type-2
(Head is the height difference between where the water enters into the hydro system and where it leaves
it, and it is measured in meters)
There are three types of hydroelectric power plants based on the height of
water available in the reservoir, these are:
1) Low head hydroelectric power plants
• water head is less than 30 meters or some time it has only
few meter head.
• river or pond is placed just behind the dam to create a
necessary water head level . Water is led to the turbine
through the penstock.
• Since the head of water is very small in these hydroelectric
power plants, they have lesser power producing capacity.
What is water head -

11. LOW HEAD HYDRO PLANT – FLOW DIGRAM
PENSTOCK
HEAD

12. 2) Medium head hydroelectric power plants
• more than 30 meters but less than
300 meters .
• These are usually located in the
mountainous regions where the
rivers flows at high heights,
• It has large reservoir (pondage) of
water.
• Medium head is more efficient than
low head.
MEDIUM HEAD HYDRO PLANT – FLOW
DIGRAM
HEAD

13. 3) High head hydroelectric power plants
• Heads more than 300m
• These are the most commonly constructed hydroelectric power plants
• These are constructed across the rivers and it has surge tank.
• Water is mainly stored during the rainy seasons and it can be used
throughout the year
• Thus the high head hydroelectric power plants can generate electricity
throughout the year.
HIGH HEAD HYDRO PLANT – FLOW DIGRAM
High head

14. HOOV
ER
DAM
IN
USA -
Example of high head power plant

15. ACCORDING TO THE TYPES OF
LOAD SUPPLY
a. Base load hydro electric power plant
(load curve of power system -is how much power they will need to generate at any given time)
• This plant work as a base portion of load curve of power system ,
that's why it is called base load plants.
• Run off river plants without pondage and reservoir plants are used
as base load plants.
b. Peak load hydro electric power plant
• This plant is suitable for peak load curve of power system .
• when demand is high this type of plant do their job very well.
• Run off river plants with pondage can be employed as peak
load plants
• It needs huge storage area, This type of plant can serve power
throughout the year.
Type - 3

16. c. Pumped storage hydro electric power plant for the peak load
• Here two types of water pond is used , called upper head water pond
and tail water pond
• Two water ponds are connected each other by a penstock
• Main generating pumping plant is in lower end.
• it generating energy by pumping hence it called pumped storage.