Health Education Unit#6 GBSN Year 1 Semester 2

Date:9/17/2021 www. qadricohs.edu.pk FB Page: Qadri College of Health Sciences, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 1
QADRI COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES, KARACHI
U-6, 1 OF 1
Community Health Nursing-I
Unit VI: “Health Education”
GBSN Year.1 , Semester.2
By: Aftab H. Abbasi
RN, DCHN, BSN, MA, LL.B
Lecturer Nursing
Qadri College of Health Sciences
Karachi

Unit VI: Health Education
In this unit, students will be introduced to
concepts related to health education and
its principles including various approaches
to its provision.

Unit Objectives:
At the completion of this unit, students will be able
to:
1- Define the term;
– Teaching
– Learning
– health education
2- Explain the purpose and goal of health education.
3- Discuss principles of teaching learning.
4- Describe various strategies, which can be used to
deliver health education.
5- Develop a teaching Plan and conduct mock
health session on a selected topic.

- Health education is an essential tool of
community health.
- Health education is a vital part of
community health nursing, because the
promotion, maintenance, and restoration
of health require that patients understand
health care requirements.
Introduction Health Education

- Health education like general education is
a learning process which is concerned
with changes in knowledge, feelings and
behavior of people.
- This knowledge enables them to make
informed decisions to cope more
effectively with temporary or long-term
alteration in their health and life-style.
Introduction Health Education

1- Teaching:
is the process of attending to people’s
needs, experiences and feelings, and
intervening so that they learn particular
things, and go beyond the given.
2- Teacher:
is a person who helps students to
acquire knowledge, competence
or virtue.
Definitions of the Terms

3- Learning:
is the process of acquiring
new understanding, knowledge, behavior
s, skills, values, attitudes,
and preferences.
4- Learner:
is someone who is learning about a
particular subject or skill or how to do
something.

5- Education:
is the process of facilitating learning, or
the acquisition
of knowledge, skills, values,
morals, beliefs, and habits.
Educational methods include:
teaching, training, storytelling,
discussion and directed research.
Education can take place
in formal or informal settings.
The methodology of teaching is
called pedagogy. (art, science, or profession of teaching)

6- Health education:
The principle by which individuals and
groups of people learn to behave in a
manner conducive to the promotion,
maintenance, or restoration of health.
OR
“Any combination of planned learning
experiences based on sound theories that
provide individuals, groups, and
communities the opportunity to acquire
information and the skills needed to make
quality health decisions.”
(Joint Committee on Health Education and Promotion Terminology of 2001, America)

OR
Health Education as "comprising of
consciously constructed opportunities for
learning involving some form of
communication designed to improve
health literacy, including improving
knowledge, and developing life skills
which are conducive to individual and
community health." (WHO)

OR
“A process aimed at encouraging people to
want to be healthy, to know how to stay
healthy, to do what they can individually
and collectively to maintain health and to
seek help when needed.”
(Alma-Ata declaration, 1978)

1. To encourage people to adopt and sustain
a health promoting life style and practices.
2. To promote the proper use of health
services available to them.
3. To arouse interest, provide new knowledge,
improve skill and change attitudes in
making rational decisions to solve their own
problems.
4. To stimulate individual and community self-
reliance and participation to achieve health
development through individual and
community involvement at every step from
identifying problems to solving them.
Purpose of Health Education

5. To inform people or disseminate ‫پھیالنا‬
scientific knowledge about prevention of
disease and promotion of health.
6. To motivate people to change their habits
and life-style, which are harmful to their
health.
7. Motivate people to adapt habits and
ways of living conductive to health.
8. To guide the people who need the help to
adapt and maintain healthy practices and
life-styles by showing proper community
resources.
Purpose of Health Education

Goal of health education is:
- To promote, maintain and improve
individual and community health.
- Knowledge.
- Improvement, development and corrects
skills.
- Change attitudes and believes.
Goal of Health Education

1. Encourage contact between students
and faculty.
2. Develop reciprocity (‫)مقابلہ‬ and
cooperation among students.
3. Encourage active learning.
4. Give prompt feedback.
5. Emphasize time on task.
6. Communicate high expectations.
7. Respect diverse talents and ways of
learning.
Principles of Teaching

1. Readiness. ( ‫تیاری‬
‫۔‬
‫آمادگی‬
‫۔‬
‫جحان‬ُ‫ر‬ )
2. Exercise.
3. Effect.
4. Primacy. (‫)برتری‬ (The fact of being pre-eminent or most important)
5. Recency. (The state or quality of being recent; newness; new state)
6. Intensity. (‫)شدت‬ (extreme degree of strength, force, energy, or feeling)
7. Requirement.
8. Freedom.
Principles of Learning

List of some known principles of health education:
• Comprehension ( ‫)فہم‬
• Credibility (‫)ساکھ۔‬
• Feedback
• Good human relations
• Interest
• Known to unknown
• Leadership
• Learning by doing
• Motivation
• Participation
• Reinforcement
• Lead by example
Principles of Health Education

1- Comprehension: ( ‫)فہم‬
You cannot be a good teacher when what
you teach is not understood by anyone.
2- Credibility: (‫)ساکھ۔‬
Knowing how reliable your information is will
help build credibility.
3- Feedback:
In health education, knowing your
audience’s view will help in building an
effective platform for modification and
amendments. Always listen to the audience.

4- Good human relations:
Having the right attitude and coordination
will also give room for improvement and
adoption.
5- Interest:
As a health educator, your interest should
be the people’s interest. Check out for the
particular health need of the people at
that point in time and try to address them.

6- Known to unknown:
Start with the language and what the people
know about the particular area of health to
the level they know little or nothing.
7- Leadership:
Being a good leader goes beyond mere
communication skills. A health communicator
should have good leadership qualities as
such leading with humility and
understanding the problems of the people.

8- Learning by doing:
Always create an avenue for what you
teach to be practice. Because you can
say you can do it till you have done it. Let
your audience imbibe what you teach
them by practicing it.
9- Motivation:
Motivation can be said to be the act of
awakening desire for success or the
ability to strive in order to achieve a set
goal.

9- Participation:
Active participation of the audience in the
planning and execution of health plans
should be encouraged to its peak. That will
give the audience a better sense of
belonging and motivation in learning and
adoption.
10- Reinforcement:
Teach your audience what you have taught
them before make them become acquainted
with what they think they already know
through the act of reinforcement.

11- Lead by example:
Lead by example and practice what you
teach so doing your audience can adopt
your healthy lifestyle.
12- Importance of health education:
It is also of utmost importance we bring to
you the importance of health education.

Below are some of the reasons and importance
of health education:
1- To train the people with skills, knowledge, and
attitude.
2- Health education help people understand that
health is an asset in the community.
3- Infectious disease prevention.
4- To develop desirable health practices.
5- It imbibes health consciousness in the school
and the community.
6- To provide a healthful environment for physical
and mental growth.
7- Health education encourages a healthy lifestyle.
Importance of health education

Health education is carried out at three
main levels, i.e. individual, group and
general public through mass media of
communication. A wide variety of
methods is available and selection of the
most effective one will be difficult. To
choose the best method the objectives of
the teaching program should be kept
firmly in mind with their advantages and
limitations. It must reach and attract
people so that they can participate.
Methods of Health Education

There are two main methods which may
be used in health education:
1- DIDACTIC METHOD
2- SOCRATIC METHOD
Methods of Health Education

The Didactic method based on direct
instructions to the individual or group.
It is called “one way” method.
A. Didactic Methods:
1. Lecture
General oral presentation of the subject.
2. Mass Media
Messages conveyed through television,
radio, films, slides, video or audiotapes,
charts, books, posters, teaching manuals.
DIDACTIC METHOD

The Socratic method is based on the
interchange of knowledge among people
themselves.
It is also known as “two way” method.
B. Socratic Methods:
1. Group discussion: Group meets to
discuss predetermined topic.
2. Panel discussion: 4 to 8 persons who
are qualified to talk about the topic.
SOCRATIC METHOD

3. Seminar: Group of persons speak on
particular topic to the audience.
4. Symposium: Is series of speeches on a
selected subject.
5. Demonstration: Presentation that show
in detail, how to perform certain act or
procedure.
B. Socratic Methods: Continued…

6. Role playing: Spontaneous acting out
of a clearly defined situation.
7.Interview: A presentation in which one or
more individuals answer questions posed
one or more interviewers.
8.Task force: A small, organized
committee to achieve goal.

9.Brainstorming: Participants “throw out” as
many ideas as possible on given subject, all
members allowed freedom of expression.
10.BUZZ sessions: A large group divided into
several small groups to simultaneously meet
and discuss assigned topic.
11.Case study: Detailed account of one or
more events that is presented to the group
of learners; discussion or written activity
usually follows.

11.Open forum: Public meeting in which
participants are provided with
opportunity to air their views.
12.Skits: A brief, rehearsed, dramatic
presentation.
13.Field trips: Visit by group to object or
place for first-hand observation and
study.

Approach To Health Education:
1- Individual Approach
2- Group Approach
3- Mass Media Approach
Various strategies used to deliver health education

Individual approach is a personal contact or
face to face discussion.
When an individual or a family is not ready
to adapt a health practice, this approach
can help the nurse to understand their
attitudes, clear their doubts, correct their
misconceptions and try to identify and
remove the barriers and the way of their
adapting the health practice.
1- Individual Approach

This approach is based on the principle that
the members of the group are helped to
think, discuss, decide and then follow-up
their decisions by action. Planning
educational activities for group of learners
offers several advantages to the nurse.
1- Chalk & Talk (Lectures)
2- Symposium
3- Group Discussion
4- Panel Discussion
5- Workshop
6- Conference OR Seminar
7- Role playing / Socio Drama
8- Demonstrations
2- Group Approach

Health education for a large community or
the general public can be given using the
mass media of communication.
Examples various mass media used:
1- Television
2- Radio
3- Internet
3- Mass Media Approach

Teaching Plan

Teacher’s Name:
Subject:
Topic:
Unit:
Camp:
Venue:
Date:
Method of Teaching:
AV Aids:
General Objectives: 1. 2. 3.
Bibliography:
FORMAT OF TEACHING/LESSON PLAN
Time Specific
Objectives
Content Teacher/
Learner
activity
Evaluation

SAMPLE OF TEACHING PLAN

Audio Visual Aids are also called
instructional material. Audio literally
means “hearing” and “visual” means that
which is found by seeing. So all such
aids, which endeavor to make the
knowledge clear to us through our sense
are called “Audio Visual Aids” or
Instructional Material.
Any device which can be used to make the
learning experience more concrete and
effective, more realistic and dynamic can
be considered audio visual material.
What are AV aids?

1. To enhance teachers skills which help to
make teaching-learning process effective.
2. Make learners active in the classroom.
3. Communicate them according to their
capabilities.
4. Develop lesson plan and build interest.
5. To make students good observer.
6. Develop easy and understandable learning
material.
7. Follow child cornered learning process.
8. Involve intimation in objectives.
9. To create interest in different groups.
10.To make teaching process more effective.
Objectives of AV Aids

1. Audio Aids: examples are Radio, Tape-
recorder, Gramophone, Linguaphone,
Audio cassette player, Language
laboratory etc.
2. Visual Aids: examples are Chart, Black
and while board, Maps, Pictures, Models,
Text-books, Slide projector, Transparency,
Flash-cards, Print materials etc.
3. Audiovisual Aids: examples are LCD
project, Film projector, TV, Computer,
VCD player, Virtual Classroom,
Multimedia etc.
Types of AV Aids

1. Its helps to make learning process more
effective and conceptual.
2. Its helps to grab the attention of
students.
3. It builds interest and motivation teaching
students learning process.
4. It enhance the energy level of teaching
and students.
5. It is even better for over burden
classrooms.
6. It provides students a realistic approach
and experience.
Advantages of AV Aids

1. Technical Problems.
2. Students Distractions. (Diverting the attention)
3. Expensive.
4. Time consuming.
5. Need Space.
6. Convenience.
Disadvantages of AV Aids

Mock: constituting a copy or imitation (to follow as
a pattern, model, or example) of something.
What is mock session?
Example: A mock interview is an
emulation ‫نقل‬
‫کرنا‬ of a job interview used
for training purposes. The
conversational exercise usually
resembles a real interview as closely as
possible, for the purpose of providing
experience for a candidate.
Mock Health Session On A Selected Topic

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teacher
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education
https://infed.org/mobi/what-is-teaching/
https://idealmedhealth.com/principles-of-health-education/
Community Health Nursing
B. T. Basavanthappa
First Edition 1998

“Health Education”
Email your queries to: aftabhussainabbasi@yahoo.com

By: Aftab H. Abbasi
RN, DCHN, BSN, MA, LL.B
Lecturer Nursing
Qadri College of HealthSciences Karachi

Health Education Unit#6 GBSN Year 1 Semester 2

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