. SIDDA.MANIKANTA 13761A2134 AEROSPACE Engg. LBRCE {AP} PRESENTATION BY: The Space Shuttle was a partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Its official program name was Space Transportation System, taken from a 1969 plan for a system of reusable spacecraft of which it was the only item funded for development.[10] The first of four orbital test flights occurred in 1981, leading to operational flights beginning in 1982. They were used on a total of 135 missions from 1981 to 2011, launched from the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. Operational missions launched numerous satellites, interplanetary probes, and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST); conducted science experiments in orbit; and participated in construction and servicing of the International Space Station. 2. PRESENTATION BY : SIDDA.MANIKANTA 13761A2134 AEROSPACE Engg. LBRCE {AP} 3. “ SPACE SHUTTLE ” Officially known as “ Space Transportation System ” {STS} . In 1969 a thought of Reusable Spacecraft was raised and as a result Space Shuttle was in operation. In that plan it was the only item to be funded. 4. Finally it was tested in 1981 and these were operational from 1982. During their period of operation from 1981-2011 they were used in 135 missions. 5. Space shuttle components includes 1) External tank 2) Pair of SRBs 3) Orbiter vehicle 6. EXTERNAL TANK :- Its function is to supply liquid oxygen and hydrogen to Main engines . It acts as backbone to vehicle providing Attachments to SRBs and orbiter . PAIR OF SRBs :- Solid rocket boosters function is to provide initial thrust during liftoff that is about 85%.they were jettisoned two minutes after launch. ORBITER VEHICLE :- Its function is to introduce payload into the earth orbit. 7. COLLECTING OF EXTERNALTANK & SRBs 8. ROBOTIC ARM OF SPACE SHUTTLE 9. SPACE SHUTTLE DURING RE-ENTRY 10. THERMAL PROTECTION SYSTEM:- TPS on the orbiter is the biggest defense system to the heat encountered during re-entry. TPS mainly constitutes of tiles , which are reusable. Tiles are made up of “ Amorphous silica fiber ” and these are able to withstand 3000 F. 11. REUSABLE CERAMIC TILES:- 12. COMPOSITION OF TILES These tiles consists of 90% air and remaining 10% silica fiber. As these are bad conductors of heat they can touch with bare hands at 2200F. 13. Tiles at 2200F taken from a woven. 14. TESTING OF TILES;-