Topology refers to the physical or logical layout of a network. The main network topologies are bus, star, ring, mesh, tree, and hybrid. A bus topology connects all devices to a main cable with terminators at each end, but if the main cable fails the whole network fails. A star topology connects each device to a central hub, allowing easy fault detection but requiring more cables. A ring topology forms a closed loop connecting each device, keeping transmission simple but shutting down the whole ring if a node fails. A mesh topology fully connects all nodes for redundancy but uses more cables. A tree topology combines star and bus topologies, allowing point-to-point connections but getting complicated with many nodes. A hybrid topology mixes

1. Created By: Vyas Pratik

2. What is a Topology?
Topology refers to physical or logical arrangement of
network
Main Topologies are
Bus
STAR
Ring
Mesh
Tree
Hybrid

3. Bus Topology
All computers or devices connected to **central**
Consists of a main run of cable with a **terminator** at each
end.
Popular on LANs B’coz they are inexpensive and easy to
install.

4. BUS
Easy to connect computer
or device to a line bus.
Requires less cable length
than a star topology.
Entire network shuts down
if there is break in the
main cable.
Terminator are required at
both ends of the backbone
cable.
Difficult to identify the
problem if the entire
network shuts down.
Advantage Disadvantage

5. STAR Topology
All devices or computers
connected to a central
device, called **HUB**
All data transferred from
one computer to another
passes through hub.

6. STAR
Easy to install and wire.
Security can be
implemented in the
HUB/Switch.
Easy detect faults and to
remove parts.
Require more cables than
a Bus topology.
If the HUB or connector
fails, nodes attached are
disable.
More expensive
Advantage Disadvantage

7. Ring Topology
Cable forms closed ring or
loop, with all computers or
devices arrange along ring.
Data travel from device to
device around entire ring, in
one direction.
Primarily is used for LANs,
but also used in WANs.

8. Ring
The transmission of data is
relatively simple as
packets travel in one
direction only.
Data packets must pass
through every computers
between sender and
receiver.
If any node fail then the
ring is broken and data
can’t be transmitted.
Advantage Disadvantage

9. Mesh Topology
Every Computer or devices
connected with other
devices.
There are n(n-1)/2 channels
to link n devices.

10. Mesh
No-traffic between
computers
Failure of one node not
affect rest of the network.
B’coz of dedicated link
privacy and security are
guaranteed.
Point to Point links makes
fault identification easy.
Due to the amount of
cabling and number of
input output ports, it is
expensive.
Large space require to run
cables.
Advantage Disadvantage

11. Tree Topology
Tree topology is combination of STAR and BUS topology.

12. Tree
A point to point
connection is possible
with Tree Networks.
All the computers have
access to the larger and
their immediate networks.
In a Network Topology the
length of the network
depends on the type of
cable that is being used.
It is difficult to configure
and can get complicated
after a certain point.
Advantage Disadvantage

13. Hybrid Topology
Combination of two or more different topologies.
Commonly STAR-BUS or STAR-RING.

14. Thank you….