Global Internet Activism
Week# 4 War and Social Media in Serbia:
from Nationalism to Resistance
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

Political Activism,
Advocacy, and Art Activism
week 2
week 1 Access, Censorship,
Social Media, and the
week 3
Alleged Democratization
Citizen Media: from
of Society
Seattle to South Korea
War and Social Media: Serbia
week 5
week 4
War and Social Media: Iraq, Gaza
week 6 Spring Break
week 7
War and Social Media: Counter-publics
Iran, Afghanistan in Iran
week 8 week 9
Cell phone-enabled
Citizen Media in China
week 12
activism: Philippines
Burma
week 11
week 10 Japan, Singapore
A Better World in Second Life?
week 14
One Laptop Per Child
week 13
Cyber Publics in India
week 15
Mobilization
Trebor Scholz | The New School University | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Location_of_Serbia_in_Europe,_Kosovo_included.png

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Yugoslavia_1998_ethnic_map_es.svg/800px-Yugoslavia_1998_ethnic_map_es.svg.png

http://cidc.library.cornell.edu/DOF/yugoslavia/Captioned/greeting.htm

Back Then, Over There?
Human Rights Disasters:
1994 Genocide in Rwanda: Ignored by Nato
1995 Massacre of Srebrenica: UN walks out, NATO-- no response
1999 NATO's high altitude bombings of Kosovo and Serbia
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

President Bill Clinton - Statement on Kosovo Intervention
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rusF4OJzGbo

http://www.thing.de/blinkface/vh2/usandthem/
Excerpt from: Predictions of Fire by Michael Benson (1996)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Co2Gm3y0qpQ&feature=PlayList&p=64AD6D43071FFFA7&index=6

War and Social Media: Serbia
week 4
Feb 14, 17
Required Readings:
Raymond Williams, \"Alternative Technology, Alternative Uses?,\" Raymond Williams, Televison (London: Routledge,
1990) 138-160
Scholz, Trebor. \"Carnival in the Eye of the Storm.\" Art Journal (2000). 1 Dec. 2000. 14 Jan. 2009
Archive of posts March 1999. 1 March. 1999. 26 Jan. 2009
<http://www.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-9903/maillist.html>.
Suggested Reading: (Excerpts handed out in class)
Collin, Matthew. This Is Serbia Calling : Rock 'n Roll Radio and Belgrade's Underground Resistance. London: Serpent's
Tail Limited, 2001.
Case Studies:
Radio B-92
Media:
Excerpts: Predictions of Fire by Michael Benson (1996)
Trebor Scholz | The New School University | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

Questions for this Week
Tuesday: Context, Art, B92
Why were there no (art) activist responses to the NATO bombing in 1999?
Was the productive silence caused by the uncertainties related to complexities
of history(thousands of years of histories, written differently by each party)?
Who has the time to educate themselves well enough to take a stand?
Thursday:
Readings: Raymond Williams
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

Fleeing Kosovo
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

http://www.molodiez.org/kosovo_web/movies/dita.html
Aferdita Kelmendi
director of RTV21 Pristina (Kosovo),
the first Albanian-language radio
station to broadcast freely from
Kosovo.
In-Class Reading:
Conflict, Intervention, Media: the West and the Balkans with Boris Buden and Aferdita Kelmendi
WEDNESDAY APRIL 19 2000, TRANSCRIPT AFERDITA KELMENDI
http://hrp.bard.edu/resource_pdfs/budenandkelmendi.transcript.pdf
Fleeing Kosovo
Newshour interview of Aferdita Kelmendi with Phil Ponce (4/12/99).
http://hrp.bard.edu/resource_pdfs/ponce.kelmendi.pdf
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

Mathew Brady: Death at Antietam, 1862
(photographs of the civil war)
http://www.arkitectrue.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/02/0228_brady-federal-dead-battle-gettysburg.jpg
Mathew Brady photographed the civil war and documented the war and repositioned the dead and the machinery of war.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IGOZTpbuUY&feature=PlayList&p=E516EF846565A0A2&playnext=1&index=30
Those who control images control history.
Technologized, awe-inspiring, entertaining images of \"sovereign violence\" --
even thousands of cameras cannot represent the experience of human
suffering.
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

Trebor Scholz, 79 Days

Trebor Scholz, 79 Days

Trebor Scholz, 79 Days

The NATO Bombing,
Art, and the Internet
Whose voices were heard online?
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

http://www.molodiez.org/kosovo_web/movies/moviesclips.html

\"It's us the armchair passengers who observe what
passes, and decide what passed. <...> To \"do\"
something doesn't always mean to engage oneself
in the concrete practical situation. Grasping the
meaning of historical events can have an impact on
them...\"
\"There is never enough time- for an accurate
knowledge of the history of a region, for reliable,
confirmed information, for an instant theory that
explains it all...\"
--- Bastard Special Edition

http://www.ljudmila.org/~woelle/lajka/war/
\"Nearly ramdom screenshots\" from Yugoslavian TV on the night of March 24, 1999 shows how different networks (CNN, BBC World, and local stations) portray the bombing.

\"The media have a role in producing the situations that they seem only to
anticipate... The camera transformed life into mis-en-scene, and scripts an
awareness of a future audience of witnesses. \"
(J. Crandall, 2004)
Crandall, J. On Accuracy. <nettime>. Available: http://amsterdam.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-0401/msg00046.html. Last Accessed17 November 2004.
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

Vuc Cosic, TV Screens

Andrej Tisma Glorious Victory
http://www.webheaven.co.yu/victory/nato1.htm

http://web.archive.org/web/20030603181712/www.teo-spiller.org/kosovo/

http://web.archive.org/web/20030603192101/www.teo-spiller.org/wargames/

screen cast of http://www.teo-spiller.org.way_back_stub/wargames/index.htm

Sisley Xhafa http://ww.mediachannel.org/images/eyestorm/xhafa-585X400.jpg

Teo Spiller Us/them

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0xkUMqXyDAo&feature=PlayLis
t&p=64AD6D43071FFFA7&playnext=1&index=2
Predictions of Fire (1996), Michael Benson
Facing the Menace of Totalitarianism
http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=
9C06E0DA1F3CF931A35753C1A960958260
Srdjan Dragojevic, Pretty Village, Pretty Flame
Pretty Village, Pretty Flame. Yugoslavia, 1996. Director: Srdjan Dragojevic.
128 mins.Loosley based on a true incident, Dragojevic&Mac185;s multilayered
narrative focuses on a bloody,ten-day stand-off between Muslims and the Serbs
they have trapped in a tunnel linking Zagrebwith Belgrade. The Brotherhood
and Unity tunnel is used as a symbolic staging ground in whichthe desperate
soldiers act out serio-comic vignettes covering a wide rage of topics before
theyare killed off one by one.
\"Wilder in its black humor than M.A.S.H., bolder in its vision than any movie
Stanley Kubrick hasmade, this is one of the most audacious anti-war statements
ever committed to the big screen.\" Variety

http://www.thing.de/blinkface/vh2/index_b.htm

US & them
http://www.thing.de/blinkface/vh2/usandthem/

Predrag Sidjanin
In Memento
http://ps.memetic-tv.net/index_im.html

uw2 Group
http://www.thing.de/blinkface/
vh2/pavlec/clinetton.htm

Miss Saigon
http://ps.memetic-tv.net/index_ta.html
Miss Saigon
http://ps.memetic-tv.net/index_ta.html

B92: the Beginning of
Citizen Journalism in
Serbia
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

Guest speaker:
thank you to Danica Radovanovic!
respond at: http://seesmic.com/videos/W3XZxJlMTf
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

http://web.archive.org/web/19990428142152/http://www.b92.net/index.html

-- founded in May 1989 in Belgrade as a predominantly youth-oriented radio station
“B92 is a gutsy, in your face broadcaster which stands up for the rights of Serbian people.”
“The station was a rare outlet for independent news and information in Serbia under Slobodan
Milošević, and was a force behind many demonstrations that took place in Belgrade during the
turbulent 1990s. Due to this, B92 won MTV Free Your Mind award in 1998, and many other
awards for journalism and fighting for human rights. B92 is the subject of the bestselling book This
is Serbia Calling.”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B92
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

Apr 24, 1999 *
Apr 28, 1999 http://web.archive.org/web/19990424073033/http://www.b92.net/
May 08, 1999 *

B92 was shut down by authorities a few times in its early years.
“It was forced off the air for a time in 1999 when NATO bombed Serbia, and government agents
cracked down on independent reporting. The government took over the station in 1999 but the team
continued broadcasting in borrowed studios as B2-92. In a dawn raid in May 2000 government
troops seized everything but internet broadcasting from secret studios continued until after the ousting
of Slobodan Milošević in October 2000, when the two stations were unified. It has continued as a
combined music and news radio station since.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B92
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

Nationalism and
Social Media
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

http://thepiratebay.org/torrent/4689344/Documentary_-_Nato_bombing_of_Serbia
Trebor Scholz | LCST 4014 A | Spring 2009

Trebor Scholz
scholzt@newschool.edu
Twitter: trebors
Blog: http://www.collectivate.net/journalisms
Delicious: http://del.icio.us/trebor
Flickr: http://flickr.com/photos/treborscholz
LibraryThing: http://www.librarything.com/profile/trebor