Life was difficult for miners and families on the Australian goldfields in the 1800s. Housing was basic, often just tents, and schools were initially held in tents as well before more permanent stone buildings were constructed. Miners worked in alluvial mining by panning in rivers and creeks or underground shaft mining. Clothing was simple, with men wearing shirts and pants while women had one dress. Transportation to the fields was primarily by foot, horse, carts or wagons. Food was scarce and expensive, consisting mainly of damper bread and preserved mutton. Water had to be boiled before drinking. Children entertained themselves with games and also attended outdoor educational workshops in tents since families frequently moved between fields.

1. Life On The Goldfeilds By Caitlin Andraos and Remzi Bektasovski