1. Intelligent Cars
Nikhil M. Chakravarthy
CSE 6362
Spring 2003
Dr. Lawrence B. Holder, Jr.
Intelligent Environments
1
2. Purpose
Investigate the motivation of adding
Intelligence to a car.
Explore problems and solutions.
Survey the current state of research.
Identify future research trends.
Intelligent Environments
2
4. Definitions
Intelligence
An intelligent, incorporeal being, especially an
angel.
The capacity to acquire and apply knowledge.
Artificial
Not genuine or natural.
Brought about or caused by sociopolitical or
other human-generated forces or influences.
Intelligent Environments
4
5. Definitions
Artificial Intelligence
The ability of a computer or other machine
to perform those activities that are normally
thought to require intelligence.
The ability of a man made machine to
acquire and apply knowledge.
Intelligent Environments
5
18. Research Prototypes
Partners for Advanced Transit and
Highways.
Vision-Based Intelligent Navigator.
Distinguishing Objects Using Laser
Radar and Vision.
“Smarter Car”.
Programmed Intelligence.
Intelligent Environments
18
19. Emergency Vehicle
Maneuvers and Control Laws
High-priority transit to emergency
vehicles.
Free-flowing and Stopped traffic.
Automated Highway Systems.
California Partners for Advanced Transit
and Highways (PATH).
Intelligent Environments
19
27. Motorola Digital DNA
Automobiles contain 200 to 450
semiconductors worth approximately
$165 (Selantek, 1998).
By 2001, the content is expected to be
worth up to $1,500 per vehicle.
Intelligent Environments
27
28. Motorola Digital DNA
FlexRay protocol.
DaimlerChrysler and BMW
Adapting to the User.
Intelligence in Silicon.
Intelligent Environments
28
29. Motorola mobileGT™
“The mobileGT™ platform from Motorola is a
complete system and alliance, enabling the
latest, customized driver information
technology. It's a solution providing
automakers and tier-one manufacturers a
single recognized platform from the
automotive semiconductor leader. It's a
solution supported by the mobileGT alliance,
the major players in the business. With its
single 32-bit PowerPC architecture, ultrareliable real-time OS, and open, scalable
Java™ framework …”
Intelligent Environments
29
38. Smart Airbags
“This fall, more than a third of new cars must, by
federal mandate, be able to sense the difference
between an adult occupant, a child and an empty
seat. Airbags would then only inflate as much as
needed. Weight and tension sensors under seats and
in seatbelts are the first step, but Siemens, TRW and
Motorola are developing lasers, 3-D cameras and
electrical fields that can determine occupants'
position as well as their size. "The existing
technology can determine if someone's in a seat,"
notes TRW engineer Roger McCurdy, "but the real
value will be when airbags determine when someone
is out of position -- that's the root cause of injuries. " ’’
– Popular Science April 2003
Intelligent Environments
38
39. Smart Airbags
A ceiling-mounted sensor "sees" who's in the car and inflates airbags to the
appropriate size. Illustration by Garry Marshall, Popular Science April 2003.
Intelligent Environments
39
46. References
Bishop, “A Survey of Intelligent Vehicle Applications
Worldwide”, Proceedings of the IEEE Intelligent
Vehicles Symposium, 2000.
Toy, C.; Leung, K.; Alvarez, L.; Horowitz, R.,
“Emergency vehicle maneuvers and control laws for
automated highway systems”, Page(s): 109-119,
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation
Systems, Jun 2002, Vol.3, Issue 2
Intelligent Environments
46
47. References
Kato, S.; Tsugawa, S.; Tokuda, K.; Matsui, T.; Fujii,
H., “Vehicle control algorithms for cooperative driving
with automated vehicles and intervehicle
communications”, Page(s): 155- 161, IEEE
Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,
Sep 2002, Vol.3, Issue 3
Shimomura, N.; Fujimoto, K.; Oki, T.; Muro, H., “An
algorithm for distinguishing the types of objects on
the road using laser radar and vision”, Page(s): 189195, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation
Systems, Sep 2002, Vol.3, Issue 3
Intelligent Environments
47
48. References
Embrechts, M.J.; DiCesare, F.; Luetzelschwab,
M.J.; , “Fuzzy logic and neural net control for the
“Smarter Car“ ”, Systems, Man and Cybernetics,
1995. Page(s): 371 -376, IEEE International
Conference on 'Intelligent Systems for the 21st
Century'., Volume: 1, 22-25 Oct 1995
Miura, J.; Itoh, M.; Shirai, Y., “Toward vision-based
intelligent navigator: its concept and prototype”,
Page(s): 136- 146, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent
Transportation Systems, Jun 2002, Vol.3, Issue 2
Intelligent Environments
48
49. References
Moite, S., “How smart can a car be?”, Page(s): 277
-279, Proceedings of the Intelligent Vehicles '92
Symposium., 29 Jun-1 Jul 1992
Intelligent Environments
49
Think up the impossible. Reduce accidents due to negligence like sleep, bad vision. Reduce fuel consumption. Because it is there. Eliminate the brain behind the wheel.
1974 herbie. Benny the cab 1988
Traffic Accidents. Theft will become car-napping. Fuel cost. Traffic congestion.