2. (1) Genetic Variation
• Genetic Variation / Diversity
Organisms inherit different variations of traits,
giving them different strengths and
weaknesses.
• Genetic Variation allows for some individuals
to succeed + survive.
3.
4.
5.
6. (2) The Struggle for Existence
• Living things are always competing to stay
alive AND pass on their genes:
– There is limited food, water, shelter.
– There are changes in climate, disease
transmission, etc.
• Those who can survive and reproduce
during tough times are best suited/adapted to
their environment.
7.
8. (3) What does it mean to Adapt?
• To have the traits necessary to remain living
and sexually attractive during times of
change.
• It does NOT mean:
To change/grow body parts so that you can
survive that moment.
9. (4) Evolution
• A change in the allele frequency of a
population of living things, over a period of
time.
– “Allele Frequency” = How often a certain trait
shows up in the population.
10.
11.
12. (5) NOT Evolution
• Sudden, quick physical changes to individuals
so that they can survive.
• Change in populations so that only the “more
perfect” versions live on.
• Humans “coming from” monkeys.
13.
14. (6) What causes/drives Evolution?
• Genetic variation in a population.
• Changes in the environment/resources.
• Changes in sexual preference.
• The dying/extinction of certain populations.
15. (7) Evolution Mechanisms (EM)
• All evolutionary changes and mechanisms are still
driven by natural selection.
• But there are different types of events that can
drive evolution.
• End Result is ALWAYS the same:
– There will be a change in the allele frequencies in the
population.
– Could produce a new species (a group of organisms that can
only reproduce with each other).
16. (8) Natural Selection
• As the environment changes, certain
characteristics amongst living things will
help them to survive (Survival of the Fittest).
• If you don’t have these characteristics, you will
not reproduce, or will die.
17.
18.
19.
20. (9) Genetic Drift
• The random removal of certain traits
(alleles) from a population.
• “Wrong Place, Wrong Time.”
21.
22. (10) Genetic Migration
• When organisms with different traits move
into new regions and populations, and
reproduce with the original organisms.
23.
24. (11) Geographic Isolation
• When a diverse population is separated and
isolated by some geographic barrier (land,
water, climate).
