2. Genetic engineering involves the transfer of a gene from an organism into a bacterium. Genetic Engineering Why do we use bacteria? Bacterial Chromosome Plasmid Both are made up of genes Notes
3. Plasmid removed from bacterial cell Human insulin gene placed into bacterial plasmid. Insulin gene cut and removed from human chromosome. Human chromosome Insulin gene
4. Plasmid containing insulin gene placed into new bacterial cell Plasmid multiplies inside bacterial cell. More insulin is produced Bacterial cell grows and divides producing more cells containing many more plasmids and much more insulin Human insulin is collected and purified from bacterial cell
11. Immobilisation An immobilised cell or enzyme is one which cannot move freely because it has been deliberately attached to a substance (e.g. glass beads, gel balls) What does the word immobilised mean? Jelly bead + Enzyme or yeast cell Immobilised
