Abstract:- This paper is based on the study of grid computing and cloud computing technology. These two technologies are related with geographically defined network standards. The main aspect of this paper is deep learning of latest technology and trends in the field of networking. Keywords:-Technology,Cloud Computing,Grid Computing

1. A STUDY OF GRID COMPUTING AND CLOUD COMPUTING
Piyush Gupta
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Introduction: A cloud computing is anywhere, anytime service module i.e. we can be able to use this services 24*7*365 module. In the world of new technology cloud computing plays an important role in this cloud computing is used on the daily basis. Cloud computing change the way of internet. The grid computing is a very advance technology used with Globus toolkit .The grid infrastructure works with a middleware which is called the central manager of grid [1,2,6]. Grid Computing: The concept of grid has been taken from an Electrical power grid- The Electric power grid users get access to electricity through wall sockets with no care or safety for where or how the electricity is actually generated. The user has no way to think that where the electricity actually store he just switch on the plug to use it. Whereas the grid computing users gain access to computing resources (processors, storage, data, applications, and so on) as needed with little or no knowledge of where those resources are located or what the underlying technologies, hardware, operating system, and so on are [6,8]. The grid links together computing resources (PCs, workstations, servers, storage elements) and provides the mechanism needed to access them [7,8]. [7].
Figure 1: The Global Architecture of Grid Computing
Due to high data rate and highest bandwidth, the Grid Computing is used because core networking technology is now accelerates at a much faster rate than advances in microprocessor speeds. Grid exploits underutilized resources Grid uses parallel CPU capacity Grid is used by the help of virtual resources and virtual organizations for collaboration. Grid also enables the access to additional resources [6,7].
Abstract:-
This paper is based on the study of grid computing and cloud computing technology. These two
technologies are related with geographically defined network standards. The main aspect of
this paper is deep learning of latest technology and trends in the field of networking.
Keywords:-Technology,Cloud Computing,Grid Computing
Jagannath University, Jaipur piyush_gupta5@smude.co.in
Uploaded to Scribd By Piyush Gupta 10 November, 2014 Copyright © Piyush Gupta

2. Figure 2: A Layered Architecture of Grid
For co-coordinating multiple resources: Ubiquitous infrastructure services, app- specific distributed services for sharing single resources: negotiating access, controlling use. To talking to things: communication (Internet protocols) & security. To Controlling things locally: Access to, & control of, resources and Connectivity. Globus Toolkit:-It is a collection of grid middleware that allows users to run jobs, transfer files, track file replicas, publish information about a grid. GSI:-The facilities which are provided by a grid computing is that share a common security infrastructure called GSI that enables single sign on. Users:-Users can select any subset of Globus toolkit to use in building their grid. Ad-hoc:-Globus has been making a transaction from ad-hoc networks protocols that are called the web services for grid computing.
Cloud Computing:
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing as a service rather than a product, whereby shared resources, software and information are provided to computers and other devices as a utility (like the electricity grid) over a network (typically the Internet).It is anywhere ,anytime service and has 24*7*365 model delivery capability. Deliver models of cloud computing:- "Software as a Service (SaaS)" Deliver software as a service over the Internet, eliminating the need to install and run the application on the customer's own computers and simplifying maintenance and support. It increasingly popular with SMEs with no hardware or software to manageand can this service is delivered through a browser[1,5]. “Platform as a Service (PaaS)” Deliver a computing platform and/or solution stack as a service, often consuming cloud infrastructure and sustaining cloud applications. It facilitates deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers. The platforms are built upon Infrastructure, which is too expensive for a common user and estimating demand is not a science. The user’s configuration can be modified later by this type of deliver model [3,5]. “Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)” Deliver computer infrastructure – typically a platform virtualization environment – as a service, along with raw (block) storage and networking. Suppliers typically bill such services on a utility computing basis; the amount of resources consumed. This will typically reflect the level of activity. This provides direct access to infrastructure stack:-Full OS access, Firewalls [4,5]. Public Cloud: A Public cloud describes cloud computing in the traditional mainstream sense, whereby resources are dynamically provisioned or to the general public on a fine-grained, self-service basis

3. over the Internet, via web applications/web services, from an off-site third-party provider who bills on a fine-grained utility computing basis. Private Cloud: A Private cloud is infrastructure which is operated solely for a single organization [1, 2]. Hybrid Cloud: A Hybrid cloud is a mixture of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together, offering the benefits of multiple deployment models. Community Cloud: Community cloud shares their infrastructure between several cloud organizations from a specific community that’s related with common concerns like security .Whether It has managed internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally[5,4,1].
[5].
Figure 3: The Concept of Cloud Computing Advantages and Disadvantages: Advantages of Cloud computing:
-Lower hardware cost: Users do not require more hardware to use cloud computing resources this is beneficial for thin Clients [5]. -Flexibility: Users can quickly outsource peaks of activity with a very short term commitment [1,5]. -Lower IT cost: The chance of failure is less because all clients are managed in a cloud server [5]. -Reliability: The Provider has financial strong to guarantee service availability. -Data Security: Cloud managed the multiple copies of the same data this work is done by the help of mirrored servers. -Ease of use: The quick and easy for non- expert users to get started. Setting up sophisticated virtual machines to support complex applications is more difficult. -Less power consumption: Cloud requires less power for thin clients. We pay less to power them. -Easy to repair or replacement and less noise: If a thin client dies can be easily replaced and uses less power than it is less noisy. Disadvantages of Cloud computing: -Generality: The clouds do not offer many of the specific high-level services. -Security: Users data is used in some circumstances. -Opacity: The cloud technologies gives guarantee for a reliability and safety of cloud operations but they are not made public. -Rigidity: The cloud is generally located at a single site, which increases risk of complete cloud failure [3,5]. Advantages of Grid computing: -Transparency: These technologies used are with open source, encouraging trust and transparency. -Resilience: The grids are located at multiple sites, which reduces the risk in the case of a

4. failure at one site that removes significant resources from the infrastructure. -Collaboration: The grid offers a variety of services that provides an independent platform for distributed and collective work[6,8]. -Ownership: There is no owner in grid resource ,to providers and maintain ownership of the resources which they should contribute to the grid[6]. Disadvantages of Grid computing: -Reliability: The grids service on a distributed manner by providing distributing services which are maintained by distributed staff, this results inconsistency in reliability across individual sites, although the service itself is always available[7]. -Complexity: Because of their complex architecture the grids are very complicated to build and difficult to use, and currently the users require some level of expertise. -Commercial: The grids are generally only available for not-profit organizations for the purpose of their work and for proof of concept in the commercial sphere [8]. Similarities and Difference between Cloud Computing and Grid Computing: Differences:
Grid computing
Cloud computing
Access provided for shared computing power and hardware resources such as storage capacity is done by grid computing by the help of our desktop
Access provided for leased computing power and data storage capacity is done by cloud computing by the help of our desktop
Large institute such as IIT, IIM in India collaborates their data for external use .basically these services are provided by Big
The cloud services are provided by the individual company such as Google, Microsoft, and Amazon etc. Shared space is used
institutes, centers to spread their services all on the world. Projects such as SETI@home are used with grid computing
for using the cloud services.
This services are used by virtual organization for working on same thing/project.
These services are used by small scale industries, medium scale industries according to their commercial needs.
To pay for it, the money has taken from public funded which is affiliated by the government org., providers and authenticated users.
The cloud service provider such as google, Microsoft, salesforce pays for the computing resources: the user pays to use them (pay as per their use).
The computing resources are find globally, in computing centers distributed across different sites such as country, state, continent.
The CSP private data centers which are often centralized in a few locations with their excellent internet connections with best bandwidth and cheap electrical power.
We use this because no need to buy or maintain the large computer center and it enables to complete our work more quickly and solve more difficult problems it also enables to share data with the team in a very secure way.
We use this because no need to buy or maintain the PC (personal computer) center and can be able to quickly access extra/empty resources during peak hours.
This is useful for to handle large amount
This is very useful for the best support

5. of sets of limited time jobs that generate or use large amount of data
to use long term services and day longer running jobs (E.g. facebook.com, salesforce etc.)
The work is done by the help of on open source technology which enables to use the services free.
The work is done by the help of a proprietary technology (own technology) .
Similarities:
Points to discuss
Grid Computing
Cloud Computing
Scalability
Yes
Yes
Web services
Yes
Yes
Bandwidth allocation
Yes
Yes
Multi- tenancy
Yes
Yes
Multitasking
Yes
Yes
SLA
Yes
Yes
Storage
Yes
Yes
Conclusion: In this paper we do a comparative study between cloud computing and grid computing by the help of the different factors like scalability, bandwidth allocation and architecture ,properties, the main thing we do in this paper the comparison is related with who, when, why, where. This paper also tells the advantages and disadvantages of both technologies. This paper tends with latest technology [1,5,6]. References: [1] Meiko Jenson and luigi lo lacono “On Technical Security Issue in Cloud Computing” ,2009 IEEE International conference on cloud computing. [2] Cong wang and wenjing lou “Privacy Preserving public auditing for data storage security in cloud computing “, Technical program at IEEE INFOCOM 2010.
[3] Ramgovind s and Smith E “The Management of security in colud computing” .
[4] Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach
Anthony T. Velte Toby J. Velte, Robert Elsenpeter, McGraw-Hill Publication, ISBN: 978-0-07-162695-8
[5] Cloud Computing: Web-Based Applications That Change the Way You Work and Collaborate Online, by Michial miller, Que Publishing, ISBN-13: 978-0- 7897-3803-5
[6] The Grid Core Technologies ,Wiley Publications,M. Li,Mark Baker, ISBN-10 0- 470-09417-6(PB)
[7] Grid Computing: Practical Guide To Technology & Applications (Charles River Media Networking/Security), Charles River Media, ISBN-13: 978-1584502760 [8] Cloud Computing: Principles And Paradigms (English), WILEY INDIA PVT. LTD., ISBN-13- 9788126541256