Developing Living Lab Initiatives in Mozambique, Ivan Pilati, Rome 25-26 January 2011

1. W4A
WATER
4
ALL
INTEGRATED
SOURCES
LTD.
Abuja,
October
2010
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

2. Contents
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
v.
Addendum
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
2

3. About
WATER
FOR
ALL
Integrated
Sources
Ltd.
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
v.
Addendum
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
3

4. About
WFA
! WFA
is
a
Nigerian
company
founded
with
the
aim
to
bring
innova>ve
solu>ons
to
win
the
challenge
of
Clean
Water
availability
in
Nigeria,
in
line
with
the
FG’s
developmental
goals.
! WFA
built-­‐in
the
extensive
technical
exper>se/experience
of
its
prime
interna>onal
engineering
partners
together
with
the
deep
knowledge
of
the
local
context
of
its
Nigerian
stakeholders.
! This
jointure
provides
WFA
with
the
comprehensive
competences,
experience
and
state-­‐of-­‐the-­‐art
technical
solu>ons
to
manage
all
the
aspects
of
the
most
challenging
Water
Management
Projects
in
Nigeria
…WATER
FOR
ALL
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
4

5. About
WFA:
full
set
of
capabili:es
and
services

Master
Planning
and
Feasibility
Studies

Hydrologic
and
Geologic
Analysis

Satellite
and
Aerial
Photometrical

Socio-­‐Demographic
Analysis

Exis>ng
Water
Pipelines
detec>on,
mapping
and
maintenance

Design,
Procurement,
Construc>on,
Maintenance
and
Management
of:
o
Water
depura;on
plants
(depura;on/desaliniza;on/potabiliza;on)
o
Clean
Water
distribu;on
networks
(water
pipelines,
tanks,
aqueducts…)
o
Waste
Waters
collec;on
networks
(pipelines,
channels…)
o
Waste
Waters
Treatment
Plants
(for
re-­‐use
or
re-­‐emission
in
environment)
o
Energy
produc;on
plants
(from
sludge
and
garbage)

Financing
Planning
&
Funds
scou>ng/research/raising

Program
&
Project
Management

Design,
Procurement,
Implementa>on
of
management
and
maintenance
systems:
o
ICT
&
Geographic
Informa;on
Systems
(GIS)
o
Metering,
Invoicing
&
Insolvency
Management
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
5

6. WFA:
Extensive
Experience
&
Innova:ve
Solu:ons
Ancients
(Egyp;ans,
Romans)
could
bring
fresh
water
to
their
houses
2.000
years
ago.
During
20
centuries,
technologies
and
competences
have
been
improved
and
consent
today
to
iden;fy
and
apply
the
most
viable
Water
Management
Solu/ons,
to
face
the
new
global
challenge
of
freshwater
availability
and
conserva;on
WATER
FOR
ALL
Integrated
Sources
Ltd.
With
its
prime
technical
partners
is
on
the
frontline
on
the
water
sector
and
can
introduce
innova/ve
Water
Management
Solu/ons
and
Water
Technology
Systems
to
win
the
challenge
of
water
for
all
in
Nigeria
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
6

7. WFA
References
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
v.
Addendum
7

8. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
v.
Addendum
8

9. World
Water
quality
–
access
to
clean
water
Source:
United
Na;ons
Environmental
Programme
(UNEP):
water
quality
-­‐
access
to
clean
water,
2010
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
9

10. Water
Poverty
Index
(WPI)
-­‐
UNEP
WPI
grades
147
countries
according
to
five
different
measures:
resources,
access,
capacity,
use
and
environmental
impact.
It
helps
policy
makers
to
see
the
links
between
poverty,
social
depriva;on,
environmental
integrity,
water
availability
and
health
The
WPI
demonstrates
the
strong
connec>on
between
'WATER
POVERTY'
and
'INCOME
POVERTY'
Source:
United
Na;ons
Environmental
Programme
(UNEP)
World
Resources
Ins;tute.
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
10

11. Policy
Recommenda:ons
(1/2)
We
recommend
a
two-­‐pronged,
incremental
approach
to
tackle
immediate
consequences
whilst
thinking
to
the
long
term
A
Tackle
immediate
consequences
! Countries
must
adopt
a
mul>-­‐sectoral
approach
to
water
management
as
a
maXer
of
urgency,
incorpora>ng
principles
of
ecosystem-­‐based
management
from
the
watersheds
into
the
sea,
connec>ng
sectors
that
will
reap
immediate
benefits
from
beXer
water
management
! Successful
and
sustainable
management
of
water
requires
a
cocktail
of
innova>ve
approaches
that
engage
the
public
and
private
sector
at
local,
na>onal
and
transboundary
scales.
Planning
processes
should
provide
an
enabling
environment
for
innova>on,
including
at
the
community
level
but
require
government
oversight
and
public
management
! Innova>ve
financing
of
appropriate
water
infrastructure
should
incorporate
design,
construc>on,
opera>on,
maintenance,
upgrading
and/or
decommissioning.
Financing
should
take
account
of
the
fact
that
there
are
important
livelihood
opportuni>es
in
improving
water
treatment
processes,
whilst
the
private
sector
can
have
an
important
role
in
opera>onal
efficiency
under
appropriate
public
guidance
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
11

12. Policy
Recommenda:ons
(2/2)
We
recommend
a
two-­‐pronged,
incremental
approach
to
tackle
immediate
consequences
whilst
thinking
to
the
long
term
B
Thinking
to
the
long
term
! In
light
of
rapid
global
change,
communi>es
should
plan
water
management
against
future
scenarios,
not
just
current
situa>ons
! Solu>ons
for
smart
water
management
must
be
socially
and
culturally
appropriate,
as
well
as
economically
and
environmentally
viable
into
the
future
! Educa>on
must
play
a
central
role
in
water
management
and
in
reducing
overall
volumes
and
harmful
content
of
wastewater
produced,
so
that
solu>ons
are
sustainable
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
12

13. Average
daily
Water
consump:on
and
water
footprint
!
40
litres/day
of
water
is
the
Minimun
Water
Right
per
person
declared
by
UN
!
165
litres/day
per
person
is
the
average
European
water
consume
!
250
l/d
per
person
is
the
Italian
average
water
consume
!
350l/d
of
water
per
person
is
the
average
consume
in
Canada
while
425l/d
per
person
is
the
average
in
United
States
!
40-­‐50l/d
are
used
for
cooking
and
washing
up
!
8-­‐30
litres
are
consumed
for
every
toilet
water
draw
!
100-­‐150litres
for
bathtub
!
6
litres
to
wash
one’s
hands/face
!
3
litres
to
brush
one’s
teeth
! 15
litres
for
shaving
!
Only
2
litres
for
drinking
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
13

14. Wastewater,
a
global
issue
Source:
United
Na;ons
Environmental
Programme
(UNEP):
WHO
database,
data
for
2002;
FAO
database;
Babel
et
Walid,
2008:
European
Environment
Agency,
2009;
Diaz,
R.,
et
al.,
2008.
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
14

15. Clean
Water
in
a
clean
Environment:
priori:es
and
technical
solu:ons
1. Clean
water
for
all:
provision,
purifica;on,
adduc;on,
distribu;on
,metering,
waste
water
collec;on,
depura;on
1. Nigeria
Today
2. New
Sources
for
Water
system
3. Waste
water
collec;on
and
treatment
2.
The
supplying
problem
1. How
much
water?
2. Were
is
the
water?
3. People
educa;on
and
environmental
management
3. Waste
Water
reu>liza>on
1. Reuse
for
irriga;on
(farming)
2. Reuse
for
industrial
use
(industry)
4. Reduc>on
and
op>miza>on
management
costs
1. Energy
from
sludge
2. Use
of
Informa;on
&
Communica;on
Technologies
(ICT)
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
15

16. Water
Poverty
Index
(WPI)
-­‐
CEH
! Resources:
The
physical
availability
of
surface
and
ground
water,
taking
account
of
the
variability
and
quality
of
the
resource
as
well
as
the
total
amount
of
water.
! Access:
The
extent
of
access
to
water
for
human
use,
accoun;ng
for
not
only
the
distance
to
a
safe
source,
but
the
;me
needed
for
domes;c
water
collec;on,
and
other
significant
factors.
Access
means
not
simply
safe
water
for
drinking
and
cooking,
but
water
for
irriga;ng
crops
or
for
industrial
use.
! Capacity:
The
effec;veness
of
people’s
ability
to
manage
water.
Capacity
is
interpreted
in
the
sense
of
income
to
allow
purchase
of
improved
water,
and
educa;on
and
health
which
interact
with
income
and
indicate
a
capacity
to
lobby
for
and
manage
a
water
supply.
! Use:
The
ways
in
which
water
is
used
for
different
purposes;
it
includes
domes;c,
agricultural
and
industrial
use.
! Environment:
An
evalua;on
of
environmental
integrity
related
to
water
and
of
ecosystem
goods
and
services
from
aqua;c
habitats
in
the
area.
Source:
Center
for
Ecology
&
Idrology
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
16

17. Nigeria
and
the
Clean
Water
Challenge
(1/3)
According
to
UN
sta;s;cs,
more
than
53%
of
Nigerians
is
not
using
an
improved
water
source
and
less
than
30%
have
access
to
safe
drinking
water
Source:
United
Na;ons
Development
Programme
(UNDP),
2010
The
scarcity
of
safe
drinking
water
has
assumed
a
crisis
propor;on
in
urban
and
rural
areas
taken
different
dimensions
in
various
regions.
The
deser;fica;on
in
the
northern
part,
the
pollu;on
of
the
swamps
in
the
Niger
Delta
just
to
men;on
a
few…
[Thisday
The
Horizon
Kayode
Komolafe
21st
July
2010]
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
17

18. Nigeria
and
the
Clean
Water
Challenge
(2/3)
 People
Life
Quality
:
Human
body
is
made
up
of
70%
water
and
not
having
access
to
Clean
Water
compromises
health
and
hygiene.
 People
Welfare.
People
incomes
are
deeply
affected
due
to
lack/
pollu;on
of
water
for
irriga;on
and
fishery.
 People
Cost
of
Life.
44%
of
households
have
their
own
private
boreholes,
and
many
rely
on
water
vendors
whose
high
prices
amount
to
more
than
30
%
of
household
income
for
the
poorest.
 Pollu>on
of
water
sources.
Scarcity
of
Clean
Water
supply
caused
Indiscriminate
digging
of
boreholes,
with
long-­‐term
environmental
consequences
and
hydrogeological
implica;ons.
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
18

19. Nigeria
and
the
Clean
Water
Challenge
(3/3)
 Diseases
outbreak.
A
large
por;on
of
households
resort
to
drawing
water
from
unhygienic
sources,
contribu;ng
to
the
outbreak
of
Cholera
and
other
water
related
infec;ons
 Na>on
development.
Nigeria
may
not
meet
up
to
one
of
the
Millennium
Development
Goals
on
increasing
access
to
Safe
water
by
the
2015
deadline
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
Business
World:
Thursday,
August
26th
2010
19

20. Nigeria
Freshwater
Resources
The
total
rain
precipita;on
reaching
Nigeria,
can
be
separated
into
GREEN
and
BLUE
water.
GREEN
water
(79%)
is
the
frac;on
of
rainfall
that
generates
soil
moisture
and
which
supports
terrestrial
ecosystems.
It
is
not
returned
to
groundwater
and
rivers,
but
will
eventually
evaporate
or
transpire
through
plants.
BLUE
water
(21%),
is
the
frac;on
that
runs
into
rivers
and
aquifers,
and
that
has
a
poten>al
for
withdrawal
for
societal
use.
Out
of
this,
the
environmental
water
flow
is
the
amount
of
water
needed
to
sustain
ecosystem.
According
to
UN
studies,
in
Nigeria,
there
is
a
huge
poten>al
to
increase
the
water
withdrawal
to
meet
current
and
future
needs,
s>ll
in
respect
of
ecosystem.
[Author:
Hugo
Ahlenius,
UNEP/GRID-­‐Arendal]
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
20

21. Cri:cali:es
Limi:ng
Clean
Water
Supply
in
Nigeria
 Integrated
Water
Management
Policy
 Availability
of
Data,
Feasibility
Studies
and
Water
Master
Plan
 Funding
for
water
projects
and
infrastructures
 Water
distribu;on
pipelines
and
wastewater
collec;on
networks
 Ageing
of
exis;ng
water
distribu;on
networks
 Maintenance
of
exis;ng
Water
Systems/Plants
 High
Leakages
and
illegal
connec;ons
 Clean
Water
and
Environmental
conserva;on/protec;on
policy
(emission
in
environment
of
contaminated
waste
waters)
 Waste
Waters
management
(collec/on,
treatment,
re-­‐u/liza/on
and/or
re-­‐emission
in
the
environment
without
contamina/on)
 Educa;on/Training
of
Water
Managers/Operators
 POWER
blackouts
interrup;ng
water
plants/systems
Business
World:
Thursday,
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
Minister
of
Water
Resources,
50%
of
Water
supply
is
lost
to
wastages
[1]
According
to
the
August
26th
2010
21

22. The
Water
Management
Policy
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
v.
Addendum
22

23. The
Central
Role
of
Water
Management
in
Sustainable
Development
“...
we
can
contain
it,
divert
it,
collect
it,
purify
it,
package
it,
transport
it
and
transform
it,
the
only
thing
we
can’t
do
is
manufacture
water,
which
makes
managing
it
an
impera/ve
”
[World
Bank,
“Water
Program”,
2008]
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
23

24. The
Central
Role
of
Water
Management
in
Sustainable
Development
…key
to
success:
immediate
ac:on
and
long
term
planning
! Water
Management
refers
to
the
policies
and
ac>ons
necessary
to
improve
and
op>mize
the
availability
of
drinkable
water
as
well
as
to
protect
the
water
resources.
! A
proper
Water
Management
needs
the
involvement
of
the
Federal,
States
and
Local
administra>ons
with
an
innova>ve
approach
that
engage
the
public
and
private
sector
at
na>onal
and
trans-­‐boundary
scale.
! A
wise
Water
Management
shall
take
an
ecosystem-­‐based
approach
that
extends
from
the
watersheds
to
the
sea
and
from
the
conserva>on
of
freshwater
sources
to
the
depura>on
of
wastewater,
to
be
re-­‐used
or
to
be
discharged
in
the
environment
without
contamina>on.
! Successful
Water
Management
requires
financing
of
appropriate
water
infrastructure
which
should
incorporate
design,
construc>on,
opera>on,
maintenance,
upgrading
and/or
decommissioning
Source:
United
Na:ons
Environmental
Programme
(UNEP),
Rapid
Response
Assessment
2009
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
24

25. The
Central
Role
of
Water
Management
in
Sustainable
Development
…key
to
success:
immediate
ac:on
and
long
term
planning
! Faced
with
rapid
global
change,
Water
Management
needs
to
be
planned
and
implemented
to
face
the
future
scenarios:
global
pollu>on
and
dras>c
reduc>on
of
fresh
water
resources
! Water
Management
Planning
policies
and
processes
should
focus
to
realize
Water
Management
systems
socially
and
environmentally
oriented,
as
well
as
economically
viable
! Educa>ng
people
is
crucial
to
reduce
the
waste
of
freshwater
resources,
the
indiscriminate
emission
of
polluted
wastewater
in
the
environment
and
preserve
the
quality/quan>ty
of
fresh
water
Source:
United
Na:ons
Environmental
Programme
(UNEP):
Rapid
Response
Assessment.
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
25

26. Key
messages
(1/4)
1
Wastewater
produc>on
is
rising
! The
Nigerian
popula>on
is
projected
to
be
204.900.000
people
by
2025
and
is
expected
to
exceed
281.600.000
people
by
2050
[1]
! Major
growth
will
take
place
par>cularly
in
urban
areas
that
already
have
inadequate
wastewater
Infrastructure
! The
financial,
environmental
and
social
costs
are
projected
to
increase
drama>cally
unless
wastewater
management
receives
urgent
aXen>on
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
26

27. Key
messages
(2/4)
2
Wise
and
immediate
investment
will
generate
mul>ple
future
benefits
Immediate,
targeted
and
sustained
investments
should
take
mul>ple
forms.
They
should
be
designed
to:
! provide
a
plaoorm
for
the
development
of
new
and
innova>ve
technologies
and
water
management
prac>ces,
network
and
plants
! develop
an
efficient
Clean
Water
distribu>on
network
! reduce
the
volume
and
extent
of
water
pollu>on
through
preventa>ve
prac>ces,
capture
water
once
it
has
been
polluted
and
treat
polluted
water
using
appropriate
technologies
and
techniques
for
return
to
the
environment
! If
investments
such
as
these
are
scaled
up
appropriately
they
will
generate
social,
economic
and
environmental
dividends
far
exceeding
original
investments
for
years
to
come
Credits:
Corcoran,
E.,
C.
Nellemann,
E.
Baker,
R.
Bos,
D.
Osborn,
H.
Savelli
(eds).
2010.
Sick
Water?
The
central
role
of
wastewater
management
in
sustainable
development.
A
Rapid
Response
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
Assessment.
United
Na;ons
Environment
Programme,
UN-­‐HABITAT,
GRID-­‐Arendal.
www.grida.no
27

28. Key
messages
(3/4)
Improved
sanita>on
and
wastewater
management
are
central
to
poverty
3
reduc>on
and
improved
human
health
! The
poor
are
affected
first
and
foremost
by
the
wastewater
problem.
Over
half
of
the
world’s
hospital
beds
are
occupied
by
people
suffering
from
water
related
diseases.
! Diarrhoeal
diseases
make
up
over
four
per
cent
of
the
global
disease
burden,
90
percent
of
which
is
linked
to
environmental
pollu>on,
a
lack
of
access
to
safe
drinking
water
and
sanita>on
! Comprehensive
and
sustained
water
management
in
combina>on
with
sanita>on
and
hygiene
is
central
to
good
health,
food
security,
economic
development
and
jobs
! In
terms
of
public
spending
on
health
issues,
inves>ng
in
improved
water
management
and
the
supply
of
safe
and
clean
water
provides
par>cularly
high
returns
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
28

29. Key
messages
(4/4)
Successful
and
sustained
water
management
will
need
an
en>rely
new
4
dimension
of
investments,
to
start
now
! Currently,
most
of
the
water
infrastructure
in
many
of
the
Nigerian
fastest
growing
ci>es
is
lacking.
It
is
outdated,
not
designed
to
meet
local
condi>ons,
poorly
maintained
and
en>rely
unable
to
keep
pace
with
rising
urban
popula>ons
! Worldwide
experiences
have
shown
that
appropriate
investments
done
in
the
right
manner
can
provide
the
required
returns
! However,
it
will
require
not
only
investments,
but
careful
and
comprehensive
integrated
water
planning
and
management
at
na>onal
and
municipal
levels
! This
must
transcend
the
en>re
water
supply
and
disposal
chain
involving
ecosystem
management
(including
coastal
waters),
agricultural
efficiency
and
produc>on
and
a
stronger
focus
on
urban
planning
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
29

30. Clean
Water
THE
WAY
FORWARD
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
v.
Addendum
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
30

31. The
Way
Forward
(1/2)
a) Water
Management
Policy
shall
became
a
high
priority
to
be
implemented
focusing
at
the
future
global
challenges,
such
as
the
climate
changes
and
fresh
water
scarcity
b) Availability
of
drinkable
water
should
be
regarded
as
a
fundamental
Human
Right
and
as
an
index
of
Social
and
Economical
Development
c) Fresh
Water
Preserva>on.
Consider
use
of
Depurated
Water
(not
drinkable
water)
for
farming/industry
and/or
re-­‐emission
in
the
environment
of
uncontaminated
water
as
an
essen;al
factor
for
conserva>on
of
water
sources,
environment
and
poverty
allevia>on
d) Adop/on
of
the
3
Rs’
policy:
Reduce,
Reuse
&
Recycle
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
31

32. The
Way
Forward
(2/2)
d) Conduct
a
comprehensive
FEASIBILITY
STUDY
and
MASTER
PHASING
PLAN
on
Nigeria,
gathering
all
the
crucial
data's,
hydrogeological
maps
of
water
sources,
water
distribu;on/collec;on
channels,
different
climates
and
regions,
etc.,
to
iden;fy
the
best
solu;on
for
Water
Management
in
each
zone
of
the
Na;on.
e) Fast
implementa>on
of
the
Water
Systems
Infrastructures:
Water
Depura/on
or
Desaliniza/on
Plants,
Clean
Water
Distribu/on
Pipelines,
Metering/Invoicing
Systems,
Wastewater
Collec/on
Network,
Wastewater
Treatment
Plants,
re-­‐use
or
re-­‐emission
in
environment
of
Depurated
Water.
f) Improve
Maintenance
and
Management
of
all
water
systems
(new
and
old).
g) Training
of
Water
Managers/Operators
h) Educa>ng
People
on
water
preserva;on
policy
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
32

33. The
Water
Management
Cycle
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
v.
Addendum
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
33

34. The
Water
Management
Cycle
“...
we
can
contain
it,
divert
it,
collect
it,
purify
it,
package
it,
transport
it
and
transform
it,
the
only
thing
we
can’t
do
is
manufacture
water
which
makes
MANAGING
it
an
impera;ve
”
[World
Bank,
“Water
Program”,
2008]
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

35. The
Water
Management
Cycle
4.
Waste
water
3.
Distribu>on/Use
Collec>on
2.
DEPURATION
- CONSUMERS
Metering
- Waste Waters
- Civil - Grey Waters
- Industrial Invoicing
- Rain Water
1.SOURCES
- Agriculture
- Depuration
- Potabilistion
- Rivers - Desalination
- Lakes 6.
Reuse/ 5.
TREATMENT
- Lagons
- boreholes
Recyle
- Underground - Civil
- Rain - Industrial
- … - Agriculture
CONSERVATION &
- Fish farming
DECREASING OF WATER
and/or Back in Environment
SOURCES POLLUTION
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

36. Adduc>on,
purifica>on,
distribu>on
&
use
Untreated
•
Boreholes,
exis;ng
acqueducts
Waters
•
Lagoons,
Rivers,
Lakes,
Sea
Sources
•
Undergroud/
rain
collec;on
basin
Plants
&
distribu>on
Network
Maintenance
• Potabilisa;on
Treatement
• Depura;on/Desalinisa;on
Waters
Clean
The
Water
Management
Cycle
•
Clean
water
distribu;on
network
•
Metering/Invoicing
Distribu>on
•
Consumers
Collec>on,
Recycle,
Resue
•
Wastewater
collec;on
network
Waters
Waste
Waster
•
Savage
collec;on
network
Water
• Rain
Water
collec;on
basins
Collec>on
• Waste
Water
collec;on
network
• Waste
Water
depura;on/potabilisa;on
Treatement
• Energy
Produc;on
from
Sludge
Recycled
Waters
•
Treated
Water
use
in
Agricolture
/
Industry/
Farming/Fish
farm
Treated
Waters
•
Re-­‐emission
in
the
Environment
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

37. Ins
and
outs
today
Drinkable
Water
(?)
-­‐boreholes
-­‐Rivers
Clean
Water
(?)
Waste
Waters
-­‐…
Others
aters
ste
W
Clean
Water(?)
Wa
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

38. Ins
and
outs
tomorrow
Treated
Water
Drinkable
Water
Lagoons
Rivers
Waste
Water
Rain
Collec>on
Network
Treatement
Systems
&
Treated
Water
Waste
Waters
+
Treated
Water
Plants
Treatement
Systems
&
Plants
Distribu;on
Treated
Water
Networks
&
Collec;on
Basins
ers
Treated
Water
Wat
Waste
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

39. Water
Cycles
summary
OTHER
USES
•
Irriga;on
• Streets
cleaning
DISTRIBUTION •
Farming
NETWORK •
Others
(fish
farming)
WASTE WATER
DRINKABLE WATER TREATEMENT PLANTS • .
Re-­‐immision
in
Env,
TREATEMENT PLANTS
WATER COLLECTION
CONSUMERS
OTHER POINTS OF
WATER COLLECTION
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

40. boreholes
Water
Cycle
boreholes/Wells Rain Ground Water
OTHER
USES
•
Irriga;on
• Streets
cleaning
DISTRIBUTION •
Farming
NETWORK •
Others
(fish
farming)
WASTE WATER
DRINKABLE WATER TREATEMENT PLANTS • .
Re-­‐immision
in
Env,
TREATEMENT PLANTS
WATER COLLECTION
CONSUMERS
OTHER POINTS OF
WATER COLLECTION
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

41. Lagoon
Water
Cycle
Salt Water Lagoon
Rain
DESALINATION
OTHER
USES
•
Irriga;on
• Streets
cleaning
DISTRIBUTION •
Farming
NETWORK •
Others
(fish
farming)
WASTE WATER
DRINKABLE WATER TREATEMENT PLANTS • .
Re-­‐immision
in
Env,
TREATEMENT PLANTS
WATER COLLECTION
CONSUMERS
OTHER POINTS OF
WATER COLLECTION
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

42. River/Lake
Cycle
OTHER
USES
•
Irriga;on
• Streets
cleaning
DISTRIBUTION •
Farming
NETWORK •
Others
(fish
farming)
WASTE WATER
DRINKABLE WATER TREATEMENT PLANTS • .
Re-­‐immision
in
Env,
TREATEMENT PLANTS
WATER COLLECTION
CONSUMERS
OTHER POINTS OF
WATER COLLECTION
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

43. (Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants)
Water
Sources
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
v.
Addendum
43
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

44. Sources
of
Water
Supply
1. Supply
from
groundwater
or
springs
2. Supply
from
superficial
flow
1. Rivers
and
lakes
2. Ar;ficial
basins
3. Sea
Superficial
groundwater(FF)
Deep
groundwater(FA)
Surface
spring
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
44

45. Collec:on
by
superficial
flow
Surface
spring
River
Filtering
trench
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
45

46. Collec:on
by
natural
or
ar:ficial
basins
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
46

47. Desalina:on
The
availability
of
natural
freshwater
on
the
planet
is
very
small.
97%
is
salt
water,
while
most
of
the
remaining
3%
is
in
the
form
of
ice
or
otherwise
hardly
available.
It
is
es;mated
that
only
0.3%
of
the
planet
is
in
the
form
easily
drinkable,
and
at
this
availability
is
uneven
distributed
so
as
to
create
zones
of
absolute
cri;cality.
Therefore,
clearly
one
of
the
future
sources
of
drinking
water
can
only
be
the
sea
through
desalina;on
plants.
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
47

48. Desalina:on
Desalina;on,
desaliniza;on,
or
desalinisa;on
refers
to
any
of
several
processes
that
remove
excess
salt
and
other
minerals
from
water.
Water
is
desalinated
in
order
to
convert
salt
water
to
fresh
water
so
it
is
suitable
for
human
consump;on
or
irriga;on.
Most
of
the
modern
interest
in
desalina;on
is
focused
on
developing
cost-­‐effec;ve
ways
of
providing
fresh
water
for
human
use
in
regions
where
the
availability
of
fresh
water
is,
or
is
becoming,
limited
Desaliniza:on
plant
Sources
Fresh
Water
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
48

49. (Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants)
Water
Depura:on
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
v.
Addendum
49
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

50. Clean
Water
for
all
-­‐
TODAY
Nigeria
situa>on
–
COUNTLESS
CASE
STUDY
Scarcity
of
safe
Water
and
Waste
Ineffec>ve
and
wasteful
Water
systems
distribu>on
network
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
50

51. CASE
1:
Developing
or
Rural
areas
Problems:
Solu>ons:
a) Absent
or
inadequate
sources
Phase
A:
b) No/lean
purifica;on
and
control
1. Purifica;on
and
quality
control
sta;ons
sta;ons
c) No
adduc;on
network
2. Individua;on
of
new
sources
and/or
sources
connec;on
(Adduc;on
d) No/lean
distribu;on
network
Network)
e) No
in
home
network
Phase
B:
f) No/lean
water
waste
collec;on
1. Distribu;on
Network
&
Waste
Water
g) Low
waste
water
depura;on
Network
Phase
C:
1. Waste
water
reuse
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
51

52. CLEANING
WATER
SYSTEM
1
&
CONTROL
SYSTEM
Exis;ng
source
Sanita;on
sta;on
A
New
distribu;on
point
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
52

53. NEW
SOURCES
&
SOURCES
2
CONNECTIONS
Storage
water
Tank
New
source
A
Network
adduc;on
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

54. DISTRIBUTION
NETWORK
&
Distribu;on
network
&
WASTE
WATER
COLLECTION
waste
water
collec;on
Depura;on
Point
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

55. CASE
2:
Residen:al
areas
with
exis:ng
distribu:on
network
Problems:
Solu>ons:
a) Un-­‐controlled
sources
Phase
A:
b) Not
integrated
sources
1. Individua;on
of
new
sources
and/or
c) Inefficient
network
sources
connec;on
(Adduc;on
d) Liule
storage
capacity
Network,
rain
included)
Phase
B:
e) Low
consump;on
op;miza;on
f) Environmental
problems
1. Op;miza;on
Distribu;on
Network
&
Waste
Water
Network
Phase
C:
1. Waste
water
reuse
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
55

56. CONNECTION,
INTEGRATION
AND
1
DRINKING
WATER
SOURCES
Storage
water
Tank
New
source
Sanita;on
sta;on
Exis;ng
source
Network
adduc;on
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
56

57. DISTRIBUTION
NETWORK
&
Distribu;on
network
&
WASTE
WATER
COLLECTION
waste
water
collec;on
Depura;on
Point
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document

58. CASE
3:
Urban
areas
with
inefficient
underground
u:li:es
Problems:
Solu>ons:
a) Problem
in
water
providing
Phase
A:
b) Networks
issue
1. Verifica;on
and
adapta;on
of
exis;ng
networks
c) Sewage
problem
2. Integra;on
of
conveying
system
with
d) Recovery
problem
the
accumula;on
and
compensa;on
system
Phase
B:
1. Distribu;on
Network
Op;miza;on
&
Waste
Water
Collec;on
Phase
C:
1. Waste
water
reuse
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
58

59. PLANNING
THE
FUTURE
Problems:
Solu>ons:
a) Increased
consump;on
1. Planning
areas
of
development
b) Possible
reduc;on
of
with
savings
policy
freshwater
sources
a) New
rules
for
the
c) Increased
pollu;on
development
areas
b) Savings
educa;on
c) Increased
efficiency
of
water
management
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
59

60. (Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants)
Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
v.
Addendum
60

61. Con:nuous
Water
Supply–
Storage
Water
Tanks
Ground
Tank
Tower
Tank
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
61

62. Ground
Tank:
design
1. Maintenance
(2
tanks
or
by-­‐
pass)
2. Level
control,
pump
opera;on
and
quality
3. Sizing
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
62

63. Tower
Tank
design
1. Maintenance
(2
tanks
or
by-­‐
pass)
2. Level
control,
pump
opera;on
and
quality
3. Sizing
(height
and
volume)
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
63

64. (Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants)
Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
v.
Addendum
64

65. Flow
control
systems
Solar
panels
to
supply
con;nuity
Flow
control
spring
Flow
control
and
quality
accumula>on
Flow
control
Quality
control
C.P.U
Data
transmission
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
65

66. Quality
Control
Systems
1. Turbidity
2. PH
3. Temperature
4. Dissolved
oxygen
5. Residual
chlorine
6. Electrical
conduc;vity
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
66

67. Metering
and
invoicing
Water
management
process
is
also
composed
by
the
following
phases:

metering

invoicing

unsolved
management
Due
to
the
high
number
of
water
consumers,
a
remote
metering
system
is
suggested,
in
order
to
gain
a
more
effec;ve
and
;me
saving
invoicing
process
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
67

68. Control
and
metering
system:
an
example
Motorized
valve
Consump;on
measure
C.P.U
Data
transmission
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
68

69. Remote
Metering
&
Data
Collec:on

Remote
metering
is
a
metering
system
that
allows
to
the
Water
management
Company
to
control
and
manage
by
radio-­‐
frequency
signals
all
the
data
related
to
water
consume

Remote
metering
could
be
walk-­‐by,
drive-­‐
by,
or
steady,
depending
from
the
kind
of
installed
meters
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
69

70. Metering
and
unsolved
management
(1/2)
Remote
meters
could
also
be
used
to
open/close
water
distribu>on
pipes
in
case
of
unsolved
invoices
and
payment
claims
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
70

71. Metering
and
insolved
management
(2/2)
PROS
CONS
•
Remote
control
and
metering
•
high
cost
of
realiza;on
•
Remote
control
of
the
pipeline
network
condi;on
•
power
con;nuity
not
garanted
even
with
solar
•
leaking
and
spilling
detec;on
energy
system
(solar
panels)
•
Geographic
Informa;on
System
alimenta;on
•
cost
of
sensor
maintenance/replacement
in
case
of
•
Remote
closure
in
case
of
unsolved
damage
•
Enables
pre-­‐paid
card
payment
systems
•
Auto
diagnos;c
meters
(in
case
of
removal
or
damage)
We
would
suggest:
1.
remote
metering
and
invoicing
2.
“flying
squad”
for
open/closure
of
the
water
supply
in
case
of
billing
non-­‐
payment
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
71

72. Water
distribu:on
network
on
Geographic
Informa:on
System
-­‐
GIS
An
efficient
and
effec;ve
Water
Network
Management
can
not
renounce
to
realize
a
comprehensive
Geographic
Informa;on
System
that
should
embrace:
!
clean
water
plants
!
clean
water
pipelines
!
wastewater
plants
!
wastewater
pipelines
!
water
adduc;on
sites
(boreholes,
lagoons,
rivers…)
!
end
point
–
users
loca;ons
(meters)
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
72

73. Water
distribu:on
network
on
Geographic
Informa:on
System
-­‐
GIS
The
Water
Distribu;on
Network
GIS
should
go
through
the
following
phases,
aimed
to
implement
the
system:
!
satellite
or
aerial
photography:
in
order
to
obtain
the
ground
morphology
detec;on
!
exis>ng
pipelines
detec>on
and
digitalizing:
in
order
to
know
the
“as
is”
!
exis>ng
plants
survey
and
digitalizing:
in
order
to
know
and
catalog
the
state
of
things
!
new
plants
and
pipelines
digitalizing:
in
order
to
have
all
network
and
plant
on
an
single
control
system
(GIS)
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
73

74. Water
distribu:on
network
maintenance
and
GIS
The
Water
Distribu;on
Network
GIS
will
permit
a
more
effec;ve
and
efficient
maintenace
of
the
en;re
water
supply
system:
!
water
plants
!
water
pipelines
!
spilling
detec>on
!
leakage
detec>on
!
maintenance
programs
!
hardware
update
campaigns
!
pipelines
surveillance
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document
74

75. (Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants)
Waste
Water
Collec:on
i.
Introduc:on:
a. About
WFA
Integrated
Services
Ltd
b. WFA
references
c. The
Clean
Water
Challenge
d. The
Water
Management
Policy
e. The
Way
Forward
ii.
The
Water
Management
Cycle
iii. The
Water
Management
Systems
&
Plants
a. Water
Sources
b. Water
Depura:on
c. Clean
Water
Storage
&
Distribu:on
Network
d. Quality
Control,
metering,
invoicing
&
informa:on
systems
e. Waste
Water
Collec:on
f. Waste
Water
Treatment
iv.
Proposed
Roadmap
v.
Addendum
75
WFA
Ltd
–
Official
Document