Disaster and Crisis Management

World Health Organization - Indonesia
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Disaster and Crisis ManagementDisaster and Crisis Management
Safety Leadership, Disaster & Crisis ManagementSafety Leadership, Disaster & Crisis Management
International SeminarInternational Seminar
2626thth
March 2013March 2013
Dr Nirmal Kandel , MBBS, MA (Anthropology), MPH
WHO Indonesia

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Outline
Past Incidents
Terminologies
Disaster Management
Crisis Management
In relation

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Haiti Earthquake

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Chilean Earthquake

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Compare these two major earthquakes
Chilean Earthquake
Magnitude: 8.8
Number of Deaths: <1000
Number of Building destroyed: 500, 000
Average Annual Income: $ 14, 700
Population: 16 million
Percentage of population below poverty
line: 18.2
Haitian Earthquake
Magnitude: 7.0
Number of Deaths: >200, 000
Number of Building destroyed: 280, 000
Average Annual Income: $ 1, 300
Population: 9 million
Percentage of population below poverty
line: 80

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Better Preparedness
---------------------------------------------------
Better Disaster and Crisis Management

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Terminology
Disaster
– Synonyms: “calamity” and “catastrophe”
– Similar words: “emergencies” and “crisis”
Definition of Disaster:
“A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that causes serious disruption of
the functioning of a community or a society causing widespread human,
material, economic and/or environmental losses which exceed the ability of
the affected community or society to cope using its own level of resources.
(Source: UN/ISDR 2004)

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Terminology
Definition of Crisis:
Any situation that is threatening or could threaten to harm people or
property, seriously interrupt business, damage reputation and/or negatively
impact share value.
Definition of Risk:
An evaluation of the probability of occurrence and the magnitude of the
consequences of any given hazard, i.e. how likely is a hazard and what
consequences will it have?

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What is the difference ????
Disaster – A reduction in
capital value beyond the
society’s tolerance limit
Crisis – A big destabilizing
impact on human livelihood,
organization or society

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Disaster Management
““The range of activities designed to maintainThe range of activities designed to maintain
control over disaster and emergencycontrol over disaster and emergency
situations and to provide a framework forsituations and to provide a framework for
helping at risk persons avoid or recover fromhelping at risk persons avoid or recover from
the impact of a disaster”the impact of a disaster” (Cuny)(Cuny)

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Disaster Management Cycle

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Disaster Management
– Mitigation - Minimizing the effects of disaster.
Examples: building codes and zoning; vulnerability analyses; public education.
– Preparation/Preparedness - Planning how to respond.
Examples: preparedness plans; emergency exercises/training; warning systems.
– Response - Efforts to minimize the hazards created by a disaster.
Examples: search and rescue; emergency relief .
– Recovery - Returning the community to normal.
Examples: temporary housing; grants; medical care.

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What is your first memory of public disaster?
 Jakarta Flooding
Tsunami in 2004
Earthquake
Eruption of Mt Merapi
9/11?
Bali Bombing?

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The Crisis Life Cycle
Stage one: The Storm Breaks
Stage two: The Storm Rages
Stage three: The Storm Passes

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What is Crisis Management?
Crisis management involves identifying a crisis, planning a response to
the crisis and confronting and resolving the crisis.
Crisis management is directed at populations and communities in urgent
need of resources due to a disaster or public tragedy.
Crisis Management has two functions:
– Secure the scene and engage in rescue and recovery – first responders
– Provide relief programs to populations in urgent need and reconstruct
communities in the disaster aftermath.

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Risk Management
Risk management
is the identification, assessment, and prioritization of risks
followed by coordinated and economical application of
resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability
and/or impact of unfortunate events.

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Disaster, Risk and Crisis Management

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References
Definitions: emergencies – WHO
http://www.who.int/hac/about/definitions/en/index.html and http://www.
http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/analysis/external/insurance/definitions_en.pdf
Pictures: Google Image (pictures are used for teaching purpose only not
for publishing)

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Thank You

Disaster and Crisis Management

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