Basic of IP and subnet

1. Insight IP and Subnet
I – IPv4
II – Subnet
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2. I – IPv4
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4. Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data link
Physical
IP – Internet Protocol
OSI
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5. - 32- bit and consists of 2 parts:
- Write it down: 4 blocks of 8 bits
IPv4
Network Host
8-bit 8-bit 8-bit 8-bit
192. 168. 1. 1.
1100000 10101000 0000001 00000001
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6. Class A:
5 classes of IPv4
0xxxxxx Host Host Host
 IP range: 0.0.0.0 – 127.255.255.255
 Reserved: 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 (Private IP)
 Localhost: 127.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255
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7. Class B:
5 classes of IPv4
10xxxxx Network Host Host
 IP range: 128.0.0.0 - 191.255.255.255
 Reserved: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (Private IP)
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8. Class C:
5 classes of IPv4
110xxxx Network Network Host
 IP range: 192.0.0.0 - 223.255.255.255
 Reserved: 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (Private IP)
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9. Class D:
5 classes of IPv4
 IP range: 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255
1110xxx Network Network Host
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10. Class E:
5 classes of IPv4
 IP range: 240.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255
 http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6890
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11. Write down start and end IP
addresses which use to assign
to PC for class A, B and C.
Challenge 1
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12. - Class A: x.0.0.1 – x.255.255.254
- Class B: x.x.0.1 – x.x.255.254
- Class C: x.x.x.1 – x.x.x.254
Challenge 1 - Solution
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13. Network address: when we set all bit of our host part to 0.
-Class A: 0.0.0.0
- Class B: 128.0.0.0
- Class C: 192.0.0.0
Broadcast Address: when we set all bit of our host part to 1.
- Class A: 126.255.255.255
- Class B: 191.255.255.255
- Class C: 223.255.255.255
Network/Broadcast Address
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14. II - SUBNET
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15. How to plan IP for this network???
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16.  Has 3 networks  need 2 more bits for Network part
IP Planning - Solution 1
VLMS: Variable Length Subnet Mask
XX Network address Broadcast Address
00 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.63
01 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.127
10 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.191
11 192.168.1.192 192.168.1.255
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17.  60 hosts need 6 bits at host part (2^6 = 64)
192.168.1.0/26
 28 hosts need 5 bits at host part (2^5=32)
192.168.1.0/27
 2 router need 2 bits at host part (2^2 = 4)
192.168.1.0/30
IP Planning - Solution 2
VLMS: Variable Length Subnet Mask
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18.  Write down:
• Network IP,
• Start IP,
• End IP,
• Broadcast IP,
for each network.
Challenge 2
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19. For network: 192.168.1.0/26:
Last block: 00XX XXXX
• Network IP: 192.168.1.0
• Start IP: 192.168.1.1
• End IP: 192.168.1.62
• Broadcast IP: 192.168.1.63
Challenge 2 Solution
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