1. CONSEQUENCE OF
CLIMATE CHANGE IN
NEPAL
Krishna Karki

2. FOCUS OF MY PRESENTATION
Introduction
Causes of greenhouse gas (GHG)
Impact on agriculture
Pest and pathogens in Nepal.
Mitigation steps taken.
 Conclusion

3. CONTD..
Pest and pathogens in Nepal.
Mitigation steps taken.
Conclusion

4. INDIA
CHINA
Monsoon
Bay of Bengal
2 5 0
500
1 0 0 0
2 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
1 5 0 0
1 5 0 0
1 5 0 0
1 5 0 0
1 5 0 0
2 0 0 0
2 0 0 0
2 0 0 0
2 0 0 0
2 0 0 0
2 0 0 0
1 5 0 0
1500
1 5 0 0
3 0 0 0
3 0 0 0
3 0 0 0
3 0 0 0
1 5 0 0
1 5 0 0

5. Above 5000
4500-5000
4000-5000
3000- 4000
2000-3000
1000-2000
Below 1000
N
EW
S
100 0 100 km
Physiographic Map of Nepal
Arctic
Alpine
Subalpine
Cool
Warm
Temperate
Subtropical
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
4500
5000
Altitudein(m)
0
5
10
15
20
25
°C
Elevation
(m)
Climatic
Zone
Mean annual
Air Temp.

6. Himal
Hill
Terai
54103 km²
60024 km²
33864 km²
N
100 0 100 km
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Mountain Hill Terai
Population(million)
Population Distribution in Nepal
(Source: CBS 2009=
28.5 million)
8%
43%
49%

7. Global temperature increasing 0.3 to
0.6o
C;
Aerosols have negative radiative
forcing but relatively short lived; and
Expected to rise 1 to 3.5o
C by 2100
Conclusion Made by IPCC 1995

8. Energy consumption in Nepal

10. IMPACT OF CLIMATE
CHANGE ON
AGRICULTURE

11. Trend of temperature changes in Kathmandu (Max)

12. Glacial Melts
Nepalese glaciers are retreating at
a rate of about over 33 m per year.
As many as 20 lakes are at risk of outburst

13. IMPACT OF CLIMATE
CHANGE IN NEPAL
Annual total rainfall fluctuated, but
temperature gradually increased
Week to record 100 mm rain but now in
hours.
Numbers of such events were 55 in a
year in ‘70s and now 90
 Numbers of dry days temperature over
25
o
C is increasing

14. DISEASES INCIDENCE DUE TO CLIMATE
CHANGE
Rice - blasts, sheath blight, and brown spots
Wheat- stem rusts such as yellow rust, black rusts
Maize – foliar blight (dollar disease)
Lentil and chick peas- Botrytis Gray Mosaic Virus (BGM)
Lentil- Lentil blight (organisms not known)
Potato- Late blight
Citrus- citrus cancer, greening virus, powdery mildews

15. MITIGATION STEPS
Biogas plants establishment
Conservation agriculture-Zero and
minimum tillage
Organic farming and reforestation
-carbon sequestration
Breeding crop varieties suitable for
CC
Jatropa plantation for bio-fuels

16. CONCLUSION
 Temperature rising & hydrological
regimes seriously affected Nepalese
agriculture
 There could be some advantages to
summer crops but harmful to the winter
crops
 Overwintering of pests & diseases
increased stresses to crops


17. CONCLUSION....
Breeding short duration,
tolerance to biotic and abiotic
stress is needed
Limit the use of fossil fuel but
not in expense of food crops.

18. Flooding in Nepal
Koshi River Floods in 2008 destroyed
250,000 homes in 1600 villages
 In the year 2010; 1600 family. Displaced
due to floods and Landslides in 43 districts
across the country within more than two
months period