![© Copyright 2014 DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 15
NEED FOR SP WIFI [CONTD…]
DIFFERENT MOTIVATIONS
Mobile
Operator 1
Mobile
Operator 2
Wireline Operator with
Wi-Fi Access
Mobile Users
Mobile Operators
Wireline
Operator 1
Wireline
Operator 2
Mobile Operator Motivations
• Data traffic growing
exponentially
• Licensed spectrum
limitations
Wireline/Wi-Fi Operator
Motivation
• Increase Service Revenues
• Cater to multiple Mobile
Operators
• Leverage existing
infrastructure
Subscriber Motivation
• Always connected
experience
• Seamless Authentication
• Mobility/Roaming without
disrupting apps
3G/4G delivered
via Mobile
Backhaul
Wi-Fi Access
Gateway Peering](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/carrierwifiarchitectures-140603155932-phpapp02/75/Carrier-WiFi-Architectures-15-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byMarc Nader
Carrier WiFi Architectures
This document discusses small cell and carrier Wi-Fi architectures. It begins with an agenda that covers the need for service provider Wi-Fi, intelligent service gateways, call flows, evolution with mobile packet core integration, intelligent wireless access gateways, and challenges for residential service provider Wi-Fi. It then provides background on Wi-Fi trends, defines small cells, discusses drivers for service provider Wi-Fi including increasing data usage and shift to indoor usage, and outlines the need for integrated Wi-Fi performance. Subsequent sections cover specific architectures, technologies, and components like intelligent service gateways and their call flows, as well as intelligent wireless access gateways.
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Carrier WiFi Architectures
- 1. @MOURCOUS MARC NADER CCIE #9364 SMALLCELLS & CARRIER WIFI ARCHITECTURES
- 2. AGENDA • Need forSP Wi-Fi • Intelligent Service Gateway (ISG) • ISG Call flows • SP Wi-Fi Evolution with MPC Integration • Intelligent Wireless Access Gateway (iWAG) • NTT Residential SP Wi-Fi challenges • References
- 3. NEED FOR SPWI-FI
- 4. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 4 ‘Small cells’ is an umbrella term for operator-controlled, low-powered radio access nodes, including those that operate in licensed spectrum and unlicensed carrier- grade Wi-Fi. Small cells typically have a range from 10 meters to several hundred meters. WHAT IS A SMALL CELL?
- 5. Users Want more data Mobiledata traffic growth Mobile broadband subscriptions up Metro densification More devices, more Wi-Fi capable devices and more Wi-Fi usage on Wi-Fi capable devices (Wi-Fi devices doubling). Source: Mobidia (2013) Aug 2012 Apr 2013 33% 27% 67% 73% Cellular Wi-Fi
- 6. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 6
- 7. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 7 BACKGROUND: WI-FI TRENDS Increasing portion of total network access on Wi-Fi
- 8. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 8 Explosion in Mobile Devices(Wi-Fi enabled) NEED FOR SP WI-FI SP Wi-Fi 39x Surge in Mobile Data, Apps! Big Shift to Indoor Consumption - Lack of 3G / 4G Spectrum - Limited BW - Attractive Economics of Offload - Unlicensed Wi-Fi Spectrum
- 9. Wi-Fi is partof that performance experience How?
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- 11. And High TrafficVenues
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- 14. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 14 WI-FI IS INTEGRATED INTO THE MBB OFFERING Technology visualization WiFi performance not guaranteed Cumbersome to monetize Carrier WiFi Performance & business visualization Carrier WiFi performance guaranteed Monetize Carrier WiFi (part of data bucket) 2G 3G 4G Carrier & Public WiFi Mobile Broadband Public WiFi Performance indicator Operator controlled access (2G/3G/4G/WiFi) Today Vision Coverage & Access technology
- 15. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 15 NEED FOR SP WIFI [CONTD…] DIFFERENT MOTIVATIONS Mobile Operator 1 Mobile Operator 2 Wireline Operator with Wi-Fi Access Mobile Users Mobile Operators Wireline Operator 1 Wireline Operator 2 Mobile Operator Motivations • Data traffic growing exponentially • Licensed spectrum limitations Wireline/Wi-Fi Operator Motivation • Increase Service Revenues • Cater to multiple Mobile Operators • Leverage existing infrastructure Subscriber Motivation • Always connected experience • Seamless Authentication • Mobility/Roaming without disrupting apps 3G/4G delivered via Mobile Backhaul Wi-Fi Access Gateway Peering
- 16. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 16 TERMINOLOGY BASICS Service Provider Wi-Fi Wireline Broadband User type Mobile Users Fixed Residential Session Type IP Based Sessions PPP Based Sessions Session Control Intelligent Services Gateway (ISG) – software component Place in Network (PIN) Designation Wireless Access Gateway (WAG) Broadband Network Gateway (BNG)
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- 18. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 18 Policy Server CISCO INTELLIGENT SERVICES GATEWAY (ISG) IS A LICENSED FEATURE SET ON CISCO IOS THAT PROVIDES SESSION MANAGEMENT AND POLICY MANAGEMENT SERVICES TO A VARIETY OF ACCESS NETWORKS WHAT IS ISG? Subscriber Identity Management Policy Management and Enforcement DHCP Server …AAA Server ISG Web Portal Open Northbound Interfaces Subscriber Policy Layer So focal, that the entire device is often referred as an: Intelligent Services Gateway router or simply “The ISG”ISG
- 19. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 19 Open GardenWalled Garden ACCESS TECHNOLOGY ABSTRACTION ATM/Ethernet Switch DSL 802.11 or 802.16 Access Distribution Ethernet CMTS Cable Subscriber-centric services regardless of: Access Technology Access Protocol Access Technology: Legacy DSL/ATM Metro Ethernet, Wireless LAN, Cable Access Protocol: IP PPP DSLAM BRAS/BNG
- 20. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 20 THE NEW USER EXPERIENCE ENABLING THE NEXT WAVE OF BROADBAND Add Subscribers Pay As You Go! Buy credit Pay What You Use! Buy Broadband “Value” Buy: $29.99 Broadband “Premium” Buy: $49.99 Broadband “Ultra” Buy: $69.99 “Double Play” Internet + TV or Voice ($74.99) Add Value Add Services Register Log in “Triple Play” Internet + TV + Video ($99.99)
- 21. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 21 Multi-Dimensional Identifier for Subscribers over L2/L3 access networks: From multiple sources and events Over session lifecycle L2 – Pt-to-Pt vis-à-vis L3 – Pt-to-Cloud Services and Rules updated based on : How subscriber behaves What the subscriber requires NOW Different Services and Rules applied based on: Who the subscriber is Location of the subscriber Requirement of the subscriber SUBSCRIBER AWARENESS - ELEMENTS OF CUSTOMIZATION Initiators & Identity Session Services Dynamic Service Management Intelligent Service Gateway Session authentication Dynamic Policy Push and Pull Session initiation
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- 23. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 23 IP Packet Session-start event posted 2 BNG session creation 3 PBHK service applied (*) 4a Access-Request username = mac 4bAccess-Reject 5 OpenGarden and L4R services applied (*) 2 6 Authentication Timer started (*) assumes that the definition of PBHK, L4R and OpenGarden are already available on the BNG class type control always event session-start 10 service-policy type service name PBHK_SRV 20 authorize aaa list IP_AUTHOR_LIST password cisco123 identifier mac-addr 30 service-policy type service name OG_SRV 40 service-policy type service name L4R_SRV 50 set-timer AUTHEN_TMR 10 2 3 4a 5 6 interface GigabitEthernet 0/0.1 encapsulation dot1Q 10 ip address ... service-policy type control IP_SESSION_RULE1 ip subscriber l2-connected initiator unclassified-mac policy-map type control IP_SESSION_RULE1 <snip> 2 Client obtains IP address independent of the ISG 1
- 24. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 24 http://www.cisco.com 7 L4Redirect to Portal 8 HTTP Redirect. User self-registers9 CoA Req. Account Logon username, password 11bAccess-Accept service: BASIC_HSI_SRV Access-Request username, password Account- Logon event posted Service-start event posted 11a 12bAccess-Accept BASIC_HSI_SRV definition Access-Request BASIC_HSI_SRV, srvpwd 12a 13 BASIC_HSI_SRV is applied 15 L4R and OpenGarden services are unapplied 10a CoA Ack. Account Logon http://www.cisco.com16 10c 11a 15 14Accounting-Request (Start) and Response Simplified call flow 10b 10b 11c aaa author subscriber-service default SERVER_GRP1 subscriber service password servicecisco class type control always event account-logon 10 authenticate aaa list IP_AUTHEN_LIST 20 service-policy type service unapply name L4R_SRV 30 service-policy type service unapply name OG_SRV ! class type control BASIC_HSI_SRV_CM event service-start 10 service-policy type service identifier service- name Service-Name: “BASIC_HSI_SRV” Service-Password: “servicecisco” Attr 28: idle-timeout = 600 AVPair: “subscriber:accounting-list= IP_ACCNT_LIST” ServiceInfo: QU;256000;D;768000; 12a 12b 11c
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- 26. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 26 SP WI-FI ACCESS + AGGREGATION + CORE NETWORK – METRO WI-FI / HOT SPOTS Open/Walled Garden Internet/Core Video Audio Servers AAA Server Policy Server Web Portal DHCP Server Subscriber Policy Layer Controller Access Unified Architecture Radio Intelligence Access Aggregation Seamless Experience Access Network SP
- 27. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 27 ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW AZR Internet Open Garden Services ITP SS7 Network HLR Proxy Access Zone Router (AZR)Open no-WEP Web Authentication EAP Client Open no-WEP Web Authentication AAA, Portal, Billing Corporate VPN MPLS / IP DHCP ServerIOS AP EAP Client IP HLR /AuC ASR1K Client Smartphone user PC/Laptop user Access Network AZR assigns IP. Client--ISG L3 network. Service Web authentication for Unclassified IP session. RADIUS Proxy session with accounting from AZR.
- 28. SP WI-FI EVOLUTIONWITH MPC INTEGRATION
- 29. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 29 SP WI-FI ACCESS + AGGREGATION + CORE NETWORK Open/Walled Garden Internet/Core Video Audio Servers AAA Server Policy Server Web Portal DHCP Server Subscriber Policy Layer Controller Access Unified Architecture Radio Intelligence Access Aggregation Seamless Experience Access Network SP ISG
- 30. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 30 SP WI-FI ACCESS + AGGREGATION + CORE NETWORK + MPC INTEGRATION Open/Walled Garden Internet/Core Video Audio Servers AAA Server Policy Server Web Portal DHCP Server Subscriber Policy Layer Controller Access Unified Architecture Radio Intelligence Access Aggregation Seamless Experience Access Network SP HLR/HSS Policy Server Web Portal DHCP Server Subscriber Policy Layer Mobile Packet Core Converged Core Mobile Network Operator iWAG MPC
- 31. IWAG – INTELLIGENTWIRELESS ACCESS GATEWAY
- 32. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 32 SIMPLE IP USERS DO NOT RECEIVE A MOBILITY SERVICE (EITHER GTP OR PMIPV6) SUBSCRIBER SESSION IS ANCHORED AND MAINTAINED ON IWAG IP ADDRESS FOR THE SUBSCRIBERS ARE ALLOCATED EITHER VIA EXTERNAL DHCP SERVER OR VIA IWAG ITSELF SUBSCRIBERS ARE NOT EXPECTED TO HAVE IP PERSISTENCY WHILE ROAMING SUBSCRIBER AUTHENTICATION IS TYPICALLY PERFORMED USING WEB-AUTHENTICATION OR/AND TRANSPARENT AUTO- LOGON SUBSCRIBERS USING MOBILITY SERVICES (EITHER GTP OR PMIPV6) SUBSCRIBER SESSION IS ANCHORED ON THE MPC (PGW/GGSN) AND ALSO MAINTAINED ON IWAG IP ADDRESS FOR THE SUBSCRIBERS ARE ALLOCATED FROM THE MPC, IWAG ACTS AS A PROXY DHCP SERVER SUBSCRIBERS MAINTAIN IP ADDRESS PERSISTENCY WHILE ROAMING ACROSS WI-FI TO WI- FI OR WI-FI TO 3G/4G SUBSCRIBER AUTHENTICATION IS TYPICALLY PERFORMED USING OUT-OF-BAND OR IN- BAND EAP-SIM/AKA MOBILE IP SUBSCRIBER SIMPLE IP SUBSCRIBER
- 33. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 33 WHAT IS IWAG? GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP) for integrating Wi-Fi traffic into Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) ISG Features • IPoE Sessions: DHCP initiated, unclassified IP or MAC-address initiator, Radius-Proxy initiator • Layer-4 Redirect • Traffic Classes • Postpaid & Prepaid Accounting • Dynamic Rate Limiting • Lawful Intercept • Radius based authentication and accounting • Radius CoA Interface • Per-subscriber QoS • IP Session keep-alives, timeouts • VRF Transfer • Port Bundle Host Key (PBHK) • Walk-by session handling/optimization Local Breakout of subscriber traffic for Simple IP subscribers …..and more http://www.cisco.com/go/isg Mobile Access Gateway (MAG) using Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) for integrating Wi-Fi traffic into Packet Data Network Gateway (PGW) iWAG = Intelligent Wireless Access Gateway
- 34. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 34 ASR 1000 IWAG – IOS XE 3.8S 4G Core Internet Portal GGSN DHCP GTP PGW/LMA 3G Core L2 Connected AP WLC AP AAA Mobile Home Network Policy PCRFHLR OCS CGF Access Network Policy Gy Gx Ga Gn’ Features: • L2 Access & AAA Policy 1. EAP-SIM/AKA (via WLC) / FSOL – DHCP 2. EAP-SIM/AKA (via ISG) / FSOL – Radius Proxy 3. Web Logon /TAL. FSOL – Unclassified MAC • GGSN selection via DNS • Overlapping MNO address support with multiple SSID iWAG ASR1K Hotspot 2.0: Next-Generation Hotspot. Automated Login. IEEE 802.11u, WPA2-Enterprise, and EAP-based authentication. Wi-Fi Certified Passpoint ™
- 35. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 35 BY KEEPING KEY MOBILITY PARAMETERS CONSTANT THROUGHOUT THE WI-FI NETWORK/WLAN: A. MN’s IP address & anchor point B. MN’s Gateway IP address C. Gateway’s MAC (or Link-Layer address in IPv6) – RFC6543 TRACKING THE MOVEMENT OF MOBILE NODE – INTRA & INTER MAG MOVEMENTS IN ADDITION, THE DHCP SERVER IS REACHABLE AND CONSISTENT THROUGHOUT THE WI-FI MOBILITY DOMAIN HOW PMIPV6 FACILITATES IP MOBILITY?
- 36. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 36 iWAG WLC LMA Wi-FiNetwork WLC WLC iWAG 802.11(x) CAPWAP PMIPv6L2 1 2 3 4 7 6 5 8 GxGy AAA/ Portal HLR OCS PCRF WLC AAA MN Traffic flow for Mobile IP subscriber AAA interactions CN – Server/Host Internet Walled Garden Content WI-FI AGGREGATION WITH STANDALONE LMA Traffic flow for Simple IP subscribers
- 37. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 37 WI-FI AGGREGATION WITH MULTIPLE MOBILE NETWORK OPERATOR (MNO)
- 38. IWAG CALL FLOWAND CONFIGURATION
- 39. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 39 SP WIFI-4G INTEGRATION ARCHITECTURE DEPLOYMENT MODEL 1 L2 Connected AP WLC AP Internet iWAG ASR1K AAA Mobile Home Network Policy PCRFHLR OCS CGF Access Network Policy EAP-SIM/AKA Authentication (out-of-band) FSOL: DHCP Discover Gy Gx Ga Model # Access Type Authentication FSOL Service IP 1 Layer 2 EAP-SIM/AKA (out- of- band) DHCP Discover PGW/LMA DHCP Service IP 4G Core PGW/LMA
- 40. © Copyright 2014DATACONSULT All rights reserved. No part of this presentation in all its property may be used or reproduced in any form without a written permission Page 40 PMIPV6 - NETWORK-BASED MOBILITY DEPLOYMENT GUIDE: HTTP://WWW.CISCO.COM/EN/US/DOCS/IOS- XML/IOS/MOB_PMIPV6/CONFIGURATION/XE-3S/DEPLOYMENT/MOB-PMIPV6- DEPLOY.HTML ISG: CISCO ASR 1000 HTTP://WWW.CISCO.COM/EN/US/DOCS/IOS- XML/IOS/ISG/CONFIGURATION/XE-3S/ISG-XE-3S-BOOK.HTML MAG : CISCO ASR 1000 HTTP://WWW.CISCO.COM/EN/US/DOCS/IOS- XML/IOS/MOB_PMIPV6/CONFIGURATION/XE-3S/ASR1000/MOB-PMIPV6-XE-3S- ASR1000-BOOK.HTML MAG: CISCO ISR HTTP://WWW.CISCO.COM/EN/US/DOCS/IOS- XML/IOS/MOB_PMIPV6/CONFIGURATION/15-2MT/IMO-PMIPV6-MAG- SUPPORT.HTML MAG: CISCO WLC HTTP://WWW.CISCO.COM/EN/US/PRODUCTS/PS10315/PRODUCTS_TECH_NOTE09 186A0080BD4100.SHTML PMIPV6 CEC PAGE: HTTP://WWWIN.CISCO.COM/IOS/TECH/MOBILE/PROXYIPV6/ REFERENCES
- 41.