college presentation about globalisation

1. GLOBALISATION
Globalization : process of
international integration arising from
the interchange of
views,
products,
ideas,
Cultural aspects

2. What facilitated?
Many people believe globalization as an
outcome of improvements in transportation
and (Jets, airlines & Shipping)
telecommunication(Internet, Skype, Satellite
TV)
Results: international trade, services like BPO,
KPO, tourism, capital flow, investment from
outside have all risen

3. But is it new?
• Look at the normal Indian meal any day and
imagine it without potatoes, tomatoes, chilies
or how about a day in south India without a
cup of filter coffee. The food items that look
so familiar are actually outcomes of
globalization taken place 500 years ago with
advent of Portuguese on Indian coast who
introduced potatoes, tomatoes, chilies, corn,
cashews etc. to India. Similarly Coffee by
Arabs

4. • Imagine life without decimal number system, on
which many systems including money and
banking work, had it been not passed on to Arabs
from India & from them to Europe and China.
Europeans and Chinese would still be calculating
on abacus the very arithmetic which even a
primary school student can do better and faster
now. Thanks to globalization!
• Spread of ideas : religions like
• Buddhism from India to far of places like Japan,
Christianity (Syro Malabar Christians in Kerala)
• Roma gypsies in Europe.

5. E.g. Contd.
• Spaghetti in Italy Noodles in china
• Chinese fishing nets in Cochin
• Indian cotton wrapping Egyptian mummies.
• Diamonds from India before 18th century
• Spread of diseases like bubonic plague in Europe
& central Asia. And small pox from Europe to
Americas
• Trade routes like silk route
• Conquest Alexander, Mongols, Muslims,
European colonialism

6. So what has changed?
• Globalization has as always brought in good n bad
• Trade , new products and ideas embraced by
people as seen above
• also diseases, colonialism & wars as –ve
consequence
• Only intensity has changed more frequency and
quantity of new ideas, capital and products
facilitated by cheaper and faster transport n
telecommunication

7. Modern day
• Cars of Toyota, soft drinks by coco cola,
electronics by Samsung/ LG, Food @ Mac
Donald's/KFC. Disney land at many cities
outside USA ( Paris , Tokyo & now Hong Kong)
• Global media, news agencies.
• Entertainment : pop music from US, Britain ,
now K-pop from Korea. Even stars from
various places Shakira from Columbia, Rihana
from Barbados.

8. • Growing international trade
• Outsourcing & Production Hubs : capital goods
Germany; IT , BPO, textiles, pharmacy, auto parts
India; Assembling and manufacturing low end
goods China, Consumer durables & equipments
Korea, Garments Bangladesh, Commodities Brazil
• Globalization and opening door policy have borne
good results for poor nations like China, India
which have increased economic activity and
reduced poverty.

9. • Globalised work force : firms are finding talent globally
making them more competitive by declining labor costs
and increasing employment in poorer nations.
• Immigrations: no. of immigrants is going up . These
people not only signify the importance of globalization
by bridging the labor needs of one nation and reducing
unemployment and wage disparities in another,
moreover they also are the harbingers of globalization.
They take their culture and ideas to host country and
send ideas and capital from host to the parent country

10. • Eg success of IT and medical tourism industry in India is
largely helped by image make over of India from the land of
magic to brilliant minded work force by the educated
Indian migrants in US which form the most successful
community there.
• Similarly Chinese became hard working in the minds of the
people from the Chinese immigrants’ toiling & ingenuity,
from the bunch of lazy opium addicts . This in turn helped
China attracting investors when little was known of the
country outside with its emigrants being the only window.
• Large multinationals

11. positives
• More growth as economies are becoming larger
• Better allocation of wealth globalization has
reduced the global Gini coefficient and the
income gap between countries is reducing.
• Interdependency among nations can give rise to
stable and peaceful societies.
• reduction in unemployment and poverty.
• Adoption of better ideas, process and technology
giving better productivity, less wastages and
enhanced human living conditions. Eg cheaper
generic medicines from India and China

12. • Better coordination, understanding and
cooperation in solving global issues like global
warming.
• Better allocation of capital and resources.
• Diversification of risks by organizations, banks
and companies by investing across globe.

13. negatives
• Emergence of dominant cultures subjugating and
decimating smaller cultures. UN estimates many
languages will be lost because of this
• More dependency can lead to supply disruptions
with ripple effects on global economies . For e.g
recent tsunami in Japan cause shortage of
electronic parts as Japan is the key production
hub
• Easier spear of communicable diseases and
pandemics like sars in rent times or HIV in 90s still
grappling the world .

14. • Difficult to put universal norms, can escalate
socio-economic probs. For e.g. sweat shops and
child labor in Asian contractors, piracy,
counterfeit drugs, contaminated products
(melamine in Chinese dairy products, lead in
Chinese toys)
• Predatory Dumping of goods.
• Increase in organized criminal gangs, mafia, drug
cartels(Mexican drug wars have killed more than
40000), wildlife and human trafficking, illegal
immigration

15. Cultural Convergence or divergence
• All cultures are different. Globalization works
on converging points. It works on key points
were people and their cultures are common .
It does not increase divergences but tend to
highlight those which were present but albeit
latently.
• However globalization circumvents, mitigates
and decrease divergences which hinder the
processes.

16. Thank you