Sales Promotion and Personal Selling
•Download as PPT, PDF•
41 likes•12,401 views
The document discusses key concepts in sales promotion and personal selling. It defines sales promotion and lists its objectives as reinforcing behavior, increasing consumption, and persuading customers to switch or buy more. Common forms of consumer sales promotion include coupons, rebates, premiums, and loyalty programs. Personal selling involves building relationships and understanding customer needs, while sales management oversees goals, training, compensation and evaluating performance.
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Viewers also liked (20)
Similar to Sales Promotion and Personal Selling
Similar to Sales Promotion and Personal Selling (20)
More from mandalina landy
More from mandalina landy (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Sales Promotion and Personal Selling
- 1. CHAPTER 16 Sales Promotion and Personal Selling Designed by Eric Brengle B-books, Ltd. Prepared by Deborah Baker Texas Christian University Introduction to Marketing McDaniel, Lamb, Hair 9
- 2. Learning Outcomes Define and state the objectives of sales promotion Discuss the most common forms of consumer sales promotion List the most common forms of trade sales promotion Describe personal selling LO I LO 2 LO 3 LO 4
- 3. Learning Outcomes Discuss the key differences between relationship selling and traditional selling List the steps in the selling process Describe the functions of sales management LO 5 LO 6 LO 7
- 4. Sales Promotion Define and state the objectives of sales promotion LO I
- 5. Sales Promotion LO I Marketing communication activities, other than advertising, personal selling, and public relations, in which a short-term incentive motivates a purchase. Sales Promotion
- 6. Sales Promotion LO I Advertising Reason to buy Sales Promotion Incentive to buy
- 7. Sales Promotion LO I Consumer Sales Promotion Trade Sales Promotion Consumer market Marketing channel Drive immediate purchase Influence behavior Goal
- 9. REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME The Objectives of Sales Promotion LO I
- 10. Tools for Consumer Sales Promotion Discuss the most common forms of consumer sales promotion LO 2
- 11. Tools for Consumer Sales Promotion LO 2 Coupons and Rebates Premiums Loyalty Marketing Programs Contests & Sweepstakes Sampling Point-of-Purchase Promotion
- 12. Tools for Consumer Sales Promotion LO 2 Coupon Rebate Premium A certificate that entitles consumers to an immediate price reduction. A cash refund given for the purchase of a product during a specific period. An extra item offered to the consumer, usually in exchange for some proof of purchase.
- 13. Tools for Consumer Sales Promotion LO 2 Loyalty Marketing Program A promotional program designed to build long-term, mutually beneficial relationships between a company and key customers. Frequent Buyer Program A loyalty program in which loyal consumers are rewarded for making multiple purchases.
- 14. Tools for Consumer Sales Promotion LO 2 Contests Promotions that require skill or ability to compete for prizes. Sweepstakes Promotions that depend on chance or luck, with free participation. Online http://www.sweepstakesonline.com
- 15. Tools for Consumer Sales Promotion LO 2 Sampling A promotional program that allows the consumer the opportunity to try a product or service for free.
- 16. Methods of Sampling LO 2 Direct mail Door-to-door delivery Packaging with another product Retail store demonstration
- 19. REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME Consumer Sales Promotion LO 2 Coupons and rebates Premiums Loyalty marketing programs Contests Sampling P-O-P Online
- 20. Tools for Trade Sales Promotion List the most common forms of trade sales promotion LO 3
- 21. Trade Sales Promotion LO 3 Trade Allowances Push Money Training Free Merchandise Store Demonstration Conventions & Trade Shows
- 22. Trade Allowance LO 3 A price reduction offered by manufacturers to intermediaries, such as wholesalers and retailers. Trade Allowance
- 23. Push Money LO 3 Money offered to channel intermediaries to encourage them to “push” products--that is, to encourage other members of the channel to sell the products. Push Money
- 25. REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME Forms of Trade Sales Promotion LO 3
- 26. Personal Selling Describe personal selling LO 4
- 27. Personal Selling LO 4 Personal Selling is more important if... Advertising & Sales Promotion are more important if... Customers are concentrated. Product is technically complex. There are few customers. Product is custom made. Product has a high value. Customers are geographically dispersed. Product is simple to understand. There are many customers. Product is standardized. Product has a low value.
- 29. Relationship Selling Discuss the key differences between relationship selling and traditional selling LO 5
- 30. Relationship Selling LO 5 A sales practice that involves building, maintaining, and enhancing interactions with customers in order to develop long-term satisfaction through mutually beneficial partnerships. Relationship (Consultative) Selling
- 31. Traditional Selling and Relationship Selling LO 5 Sell advice, assistance, counsel Sell products Traditional Personal Selling Focus on closing sales Limited sales planning Discuss product Assess “product-specific” needs “ Lone wolf” approach Pricing/product focus Short-term sales follow-up Focus on customer’s bottom line Sales planning is top priority Build problem-solving environment Conduct discovery in scope of operations Team approach Profit impact and strategic benefit focus Long-term sales follow-up Relationship Selling
- 32. REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME Relationship Selling vs. Traditional Selling LO 5 Initial Sales Repeat Sales Successive Sales Traditional Sales Relationship Sales Sales Increases Result From Creating Value
- 33. Steps in the Selling Process List the steps in the selling process LO 6
- 34. Steps in the Selling Process LO 6 Generate Leads Qualify Leads Probe Customer Needs Develop Solutions Handle Objections Close the Sale Follow Up
- 35. Time Spent in Key Steps of Selling Process LO 6 Relationship Selling Traditional Selling Key Selling Steps High Low Follow-up Low High Close the sale Low High Handle Objections High Low Develop Solutions High Low Probe Needs High Low Qualify Leads Low High Generate Leads
- 36. Generating Leads LO 6 Advertising Publicity Direct Mail/ Telemarketing Cold Calling Internet Web Site Referrals Trade Shows/ Conventions Networking Company Records Online http://www.linkedin.com http://www.ryze.com
- 37. Cold Calling LO 6 A form of lead generation in which the salesperson approaches potential buyers without any prior knowledge of the prospects’ needs or financial status. Cold Calling
- 38. Qualifying Leads LO 6 Recognized need Buying power Receptivity and accessibility
- 39. Needs Assessment LO 6 A determination of the customer’s specific needs and wants and the range of options a customer has for satisfying them. Needs Assessment
- 40. The Consultative Salesperson LO 6 Product or service Customers Competition Industry Salesperson must know everything about... Online http://www.hoovers.com http://www.dnb.com
- 41. Developing and Proposing Solutions LO 6 Sales Proposal Sales Presentation
- 42. Powerful Presentations LO 6 Be well prepared Use eye contact Ask open-ended questions Be poised Use hand gestures and voice inflection Focus on the customer needs Incorporate visual elements Know how to operate the A/V equipment Make sure the equipment works PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE!
- 44. Closing the Sale LO 6 Negotiate Keep an open mind Look for customer signals Tailor to each market
- 45. Biz Flix Family Man LO 6
- 46. REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME Steps in the Selling Process LO 6
- 47. Sales Management Describe the functions of sales management LO 7
- 48. Sales Management Responsibilities LO 7 Evaluate sales force Compensate and motivate sales force Recruit and train sales force Determine sales force structure Define sales goals and sales process
- 49. Defining Sales Goals LO 7 Sales Volume Market Share Profit Level Clear Precise Measurable Time Specific
- 50. Quota LO 7 A statement of the individual salesperson’s sales objectives, usually based on sales volume alone but sometimes including key accounts, new accounts, repeat sales, and specific products. Quota
- 51. Sales Force Structure LO 7 Individual client or account Market or industry Marketing function Product line Geographic region
- 53. Training the Sales Force LO 7 Training includes... Nonselling duties Industry and customer characteristics Product knowledge Selling techniques Company policies and practice
- 54. Compensating the Sales Force LO 7 Commission Salary Combination Plans
- 55. Compensating the Sales Force LO 7 Straight Commission The salesperson is paid some percentage when a sale is made. Straight Salary The salesperson receives a salary regardless of sales productivity.
- 57. Key Personality Traits of Sales Leaders LO 7 Effective Sales Leaders are… Are assertive Possess ego drive Possess ego strength Take risks Are innovative Have a sense of urgency Are empathetic
- 58. Evaluating the Sales Force LO 7 Contribution to profit Calls per order Sales or profits per call Call percentage achieving goals Sales volume
- 60. The Impact of Technology on Personal Selling LO 7 Cell phones Laptops Pagers E-Mail Electronic organizers Internet
- 61. REVIEW LEARNING OUTCOME Functions of Sales Management LO 7
Editor's Notes
- Notes: In addition to advertising, public relations, and personal selling, sales promotion is utilized to increase the effectiveness of other promotional efforts. Sales promotion provides an incentive for consumers to purchase a good or service immediately, either by lowering the price or by adding value.
- Notes: While advertising offers a reason to buy, sales promotion offers an incentive to buy. Both are important, but sales promotion is usually cheaper and easier to measure. For example, a national TV ad often costs a total of over $5 million, and it is difficult to determine how many people purchase a product as a result of seeing the ad. With sales promotion, it is easy to measure the number of coupons redeemed or the number of contest entries.
- Notes: Sales promotion is targeted toward either of two different markets: to consumers or to members of the marketing channel (“trade”), such as wholesalers and retailers. Sales promotion expenditures have increased over the last several years as a result of increased competition, an expanding array of media choices, the demand for more deals from manufacturers, and the reliance on accountable and measurable marketing strategies. Promotion marketing in the U.S. exceeds $300 billion a year. Even power companies and restaurants have discovered the power of sales promotion.
- Notes: The objectives of a promotion depend on the behavior of target consumers, as shown in Exhibit 16.1.
- Notes: The tools selected for sales promotion must suit the objectives to ensure success of the overall promotion plan. Popular tools are shown here, and described on the following slides.
- Notes: Coupons encourage product trial and repurchase, and are likely to increase the amount of a product purchased. Coupon distribution has been growing, with almost 350 billion coupons distributed to U.S. households annually. This does not include Internet and in-store coupons. Increased competition and the introduction of 1200 new products each year have contributed to this trend. Coupons promoting new-product use are likely to stimulate purchases. Even though redemption rates are low for coupons, marketers are reevaluating the use of coupons, such as shortening the expiration time, using everyday low pricing instead, or distributing single, all-purpose coupons for redemption on several brands. In-store coupons are more likely to influence buying decisions and are redeemed 15 times more frequently than newspaper coupons. Rebates must be mailed in along with a proof of purchase. Rebates offer price cuts to consumers directly and are more easily controlled. Further, customer databases can be built due to the information forms required for rebates. Premiums reinforce the purchase decision, increase consumption, and persuade nonusers to switch brands. Discussion/Team Activity: Identify companies who have utilized these popular sales promotion tools. Examples: fast food services, cosmetic companies, banks, rental cars, magazines, computer manufacturers, cell phones, etc.
- Notes: Loyalty marketing programs reward consumers for making multiple purchases. These programs enable companies to invest sales promotion dollars in activities designed to capture greater profits from customers already loyal to the product/company. The objective of loyalty marketing is to build long-term, mutually-beneficial relationships. Studies show that frequent shopper programs require something more than just discounts to build loyalty. Furthermore, customers are “loyal” to more than one store, and participate in multiple programs. Discussion/Team Activity: Identify several companies that offer these programs. Discuss the benefits offered by some of the more popular loyalty marketing and frequent buyer programs.
- Online Sweepstakes Online How do online sweepstakes sites compare to the kind of sweepstakes entries you receive in the mail? Visit the popular sweepstakes site Sweepstakesonline.com. Do any of the contests interest you? Do you think the pitches online are ethical? Why or why not? Notes: Contests and sweepstakes are designed to create interest in a good or service, often to encourage brand switching. They are not effective tools for generating long-term sales. Furthermore, the award must appeal to the target market. Offering several smaller prizes instead of one huge prize will increase the effectiveness of a promotion.
- Notes: Sampling allows the risk-free trial of a product. Sampling can increase retail sales by as much as 40 percent. As a result, sampling has increased by more than 20 percent annually in recent years. Sampling at special events is popular, effective, and a high profile method that permits marketers to piggyback onto fun-based consumer activities.
- Discussion/Team Activity: Discuss some of the occasions that you have had the opportunity to participate in product sampling. How did this influence your decision to purchase the sampled product? What methods are most effective in reaching college students?
- Notes: Point-of-purchase promotions (P-O-Ps) include shelf “talkers”, shelf extenders, ads on carts and bags, end-aisle and floor-stand displays,TV monitors and in-store messages, and audiovisual displays. P-O-Ps offer manufacturers a captive audience in retail stores, and can boost sales by as much as 65 percent because between 70 and 80 percent of all retail purchase decisions are made in-store.
- Notes: Online sales promotions have grown due to the popularity of the Internet, generating three to fives times higher response rates than those of off-line counterparts. The most effective types are shown here. Internet retailers are eager to boost traffic and give away free services or equipment to lure consumers not only to the Web site but to the Internet in general. Online versions of loyalty programs are gaining popularity, and the most successful are those run by hotel and airline companies.
- Notes: While consumer promotions pull a product through the channel by creating demand , trade promotions push a product through the distribution channel in an attempt to influence supply . Consumer promotion tools are used when selling to members of the distribution channel, as well as tools that are unique to manufacturers and intermediaries, shown on this slide.
- Notes: Trade promotions are popular among manufacturers for many reasons, as shown on this slide.
- Notes: Personal selling is direct communication between a sales representative and prospective buyers in an attempt to influence each other in a purchase situation. In a sense, all businesspeople are salespeople, and to reach the top in most organizations, individuals need to sell ideas to peers, superiors, and subordinates. Many business or marketing majors, as well as non-business majors, will start their professional careers in sales.
- Notes: Exhibit 16.2 compares the effectiveness of personal selling and advertising/sales promotion based on certain customer and product characteristics. Personal selling is more important as the number of potential customers decrease, as the complexity of the product increases, and as the value of the product grows.
- Notes: Personal selling offers several advantages over other forms of promotion, as shown on this slide.
- Notes: Until recently, personal selling focused almost entirely on a planned presentation for the purpose of making a sale. In contrast, modern views of personal selling emphasize the relationship that develops between a salesperson and a buyer. The objective with relationship selling is to build long-term branded relationships with consumer/buyers. It’s not about a one-time sale and then moving to the next prospect. Salespeople become consultants, partners, and problem solvers as they strive to develop trust and long-term relationships.
- Notes: The end result of relationship selling tends to be loyal customers who purchase from the company time after time. Relationship selling promotes a win-win situation for both buyer and seller. Exhibit 16.3 lists the key differences between traditional personal selling and relationship selling.
- Notes: Completing a sale requires several steps. The sales process, or sales cycle, is the set of steps a salesperson goes through to sell a product or service.
- Notes: Completing a sale requires several steps. It can be unique for each product or service, depending on the features of the product, characteristics of customer segments, and internal processes within the firm, such as how sales leads are generated. There are seven basic steps in the personal selling process. These steps of selling follow the AIDA concept discussed in Chapter 14.
- Notes: Although traditional selling and relationship selling follow the same basic steps, the difference between the two selling methods is the relative importance placed on key steps, as shown in Exhibit 16.4. Relationship selling emphasizes an up-front investment in uncovering each customer’s needs and wants and matching them to the benefits of the product or service. This leads to a relatively straightforward close.
- Online Linkedin Ryze Online networking groups are growing in popularity. Check out the sites for Linkedin and Ryze to read more about how these groups work. Do they sound like something you would join? How could they benefit your career? Notes: Lead generation, or prospecting, is the identification of those most likely to buy the seller’s offerings. Sales leads can be secured in several different ways, such as those sources shown on this slide.
- Notes: When a prospect shows interest in having more information about a product, the salesperson has the opportunity to qualify the lead. Lead qualification consists of determining whether the prospect has three things: * A recognized need * The authority to make the purchase decision and access to funds to pay for it * Receptivity and accessibility to the salesperson The Web site offers a way of qualifying online leads by getting visitors to register for more information.
- Online Hoover’s Online Dun & Bradstreet Pick a company and try to find out as much information as you can about it using Hoover’s Online and Dun & Bradstreet. Which database gave you the best and most information about your “lead”?
- Notes: After compiling information about the client’s needs and wants, the salesperson develops a solution in which the salesperson’s product or service solves the client’s problem or need. These solutions are typically presented as a sales proposal during a formal sales presentation. Usually, there is only one opportunity to present solutions, and salespeople must be able to present the proposal and handle any customer objections confidently and professionally.
- Notes: The salesperson should not take objections personally as confrontations or insults. Instead, objections should be handled as requests for information, and could be used in a positive way to close the sale.
- Notes: Negotiation plays a key role in closing the sale. Negotiation is the process during which both the salesperson and the prospect offer special concessions in an attempt to arrive at a sales agreement. A salesperson should emphasize value to the customer, rendering price a nonissue. In foreign markets, the sales efforts should be tailored to the appropriate way of doing business for that culture. The goal of relationship selling is to motivate customers to purchase again by developing long-term relationships. Most businesses depend on repeat sales, and repeat sales depend on follow-up by the salesperson. Finding a new customer is far more expensive than retaining an existing customer. Furthermore, today’s customers are less loyal to brands and vendors. Therefore follow-up is critical in relationship building.
- Notes: Sales provide the fuel that keeps the corporate engines running. Nothing happens until a sale is made. As a result, sales management is one of marketing’s most critical specialties. Effective sales management stems from a success-oriented sales force that accomplishes its mission economically and efficiently. Poor sales management can lead to unmet profit objectives or even to the downfall of the corporation.
- Notes: Sales goals should be stated in clear, precise, and measurable terms and stated in terms of dollar sales volume, market share, or profit level.
- Notes: Proper sales force design helps the sales manager organize and delegate sales duties and provide direction.
- Notes: As shown in Exhibit 16.5, a recent study has found that the best sales leaders share a number of key personality traits. These traits separate motivational sales leaders from sales managers. An effective sales manager is inspirational, has a clear vision and commitment to the mission of the organization, and the ability to earn the respect of employees.
- Notes: The final task of sales managers is evaluating the effectiveness and performance of the sales force. Typical performance measures are listed above.
- Notes: As shown in Exhibit 16.5, a recent study has found that the best sales leaders share a number of key personality traits. These traits separate motivational sales leaders from sales managers. An effective sales manager is inspirational, has a clear vision and commitment to the mission of the organization, and the ability to earn the respect of employees.
- Notes: Technology will not eliminate the need for salespeople; instead, technology can help improve the customer relationship. Technology, such as laptop computers, cell phones, and pagers allow salespeople to be more accessible to the customer. The Internet provides salespeople with vast resources of information on clients, competition, and the industry. The Internet cost-effectively processes orders and services requests, and is freeing sales representatives from tedious chores to allow more time to focus on client needs.