11. 【 CET-4:2006.6 】
The professor required that we hand in our
research report (s) .
( 我们交研究报告 ) 。
【 CET-6:2007.6 】
It is absolutely unfair that these children
(should) be deprived of the right to
receive education . ( 被剥夺了受教育的权
利 ).
12. It’stime something was done/some
measures were taken ( 采取措施 ) about
the traffic problem downtown.
13. 【 CET-4:2006.12 】
The victim would have survived
( 本来会有机会活下来 )if he had been taken
to hospital in time.
【 CET-6:2007.12 】
But for mobile phone, our communication
would not have been so efficient and
convenient.
( 我们的通讯就不可能如此迅速和方便 )
14. 【 CET-6:2007 】
If you had followed my advice/
suggestion, you would not have been in
trouble.
( 听从了我的忠告， 你就不会陷入麻烦 ).
17. 1.2 be 型虚拟语气
Be
型虚拟语气指在任何情况下，不分时
态、人称，句子谓语动词统统使用原形动
词的虚拟形式， be 型虚拟语气主要有两
种用途
18. 1 ）用于含有命令、建议、要求等意义的
结构中
含有上述意义的 动词 后的 宾语从句
含有上述意义的 名词 后的 同位语从句 或 表语从
句
含有上述意义的某些 It is + 过去分词 +that 或 it
is + 形容词 +that 的结构中 在英国英语中，这
一类的虚拟语气也可以用 should+ 原形动词 的
形式
19. The teacher insisted that we be in his office at
5 o’clock.
老师坚持让我们五点钟到他的办公室去。
The general ordered that his troops retreat
from the frontline.
将军命令部队从前线撤退。
20. All I request of you is that you be punctual.
我只要你准时到。
It is essential that the new technique be
introduced.
引进新工艺很重要。
It is imperative that you present yourself at
the meeting.
你务必亲自出席会议。
21. Instructions are issued that the war prisoners
be released.
释放所有战犯的命令已经下达。
It is the committee’s decision that the meeting
be put off until next Friday.
委员会决定会议延至下星期五举行。
24. 如：
Ifthat be the case, we have to give up our
original plan.
倘若情况果真如此，我们将不得不放弃
原定计划。
Whatever be your reason, you have no right
to be rude to your elders.
无论你有什么理由，你都无权对长辈们
粗鲁无礼。
25. They evacuated the building lest the wall
collapse.
他们撤出了大楼，以防墙壁倒塌。
Though he slay me, will I trust in him?
即使他要杀我，我也要信赖他吗？
Long live our motherland ！
祖国万岁！
26. God save his soul.
上帝保佑他的灵魂得到安息。
Far be it from me to accept his advice blindly.
我决不会盲目接受他的意见。
Home is home, be it ever so homely.
家纵简陋，总归是家。
We can always lend you a helping hand if
need be.
倘有必要，我们随时可以援一引手。
27. 1.3 were 型虚拟语气
Were 型虚拟语气主要指 be 动词在某些
表示与事实相反的语境里使用固定的
were 形式
其他动词在类似的语境里使用过去时或过
去完成体形式的虚拟语气。
28. Were 型虚拟语气主要用于表示与事实相反的愿
望、假设、印象、看法等意义的结构中
Wish 一类动词后的宾语从句
If only, as if, would rather/sooner, it is time 等
短语后边的句子，如与现在情况相反，虚拟语
气用动词的过去时（ be 动词用 were ） ,
与过去情况相反，则用过去完成体形式
29. We earnestly wish he were here with us
sharing our happiness.
我真希望他此刻正与我们在一起分享我们
的快乐。
I do wish the frightful calamity had not
befallen us.
我真希望那场可怕的灾难没有降临到我们
头上。
30. Ifonly his advice had been acted upon.
当时要是采纳了他的意见该有多好。
How dare you come in as if you owned the
place?
你怎么敢象是这地方的主人似的随意进来
？
I would rather we had dinner now.
我倒愿意现在就吃饭。
31. I would sooner he stayed at home.
我倒宁愿他现在呆在家里。
It is high time you turned over a new leaf.
现在该是你改过自新重新做人的时候了。
34. 1. 4.1 与各时间基准相反条件虚拟语气例
示
注意虚拟句中隐含的真实情况和作者、说
话人的情感、意愿意义，如：
If his suggestions had been acted upon,
circumstances would have been entirely
different.
倘若早将他的建议付诸实施，情况早就完
全不同了。
35. If it hadn’t rained so heavily I would surely
have come to your meeting on Friday
afternoon.
倘若不是天下大雨，我肯定会来出席你们
星期五下午召开的会议。
If he knew you are here, he would certainly
come to see you .
如果他知道你在这里，他肯定会来看你。
36. If she dyed her hair a little darker, she would
look much younger.
如果她把头发染一点，她看起来会显得年
轻很多。
If the sun should rise in the west, I would not
change my mind.
就是太阳从西边出来，我也不会改变主意
。
37. 1.
4.2 省略 if 的条件虚拟语气
条件虚拟语气的条件从句中如有助动词、
动词 be 或动词 have 时，可以将 if 省略，
将以上这些词与主语位置倒置，这些用法
往往见于比较正式的语体中，如：
38. Were it not for the heavy fog, the plane would
have taken off on schedule.
要不是因为浓雾弥漫，飞机就会按预定时
间起飞。
Were he allowed to exercise a choice, which
would he choose of the three?
倘若让他们使选择权，三者之中他将挑选
哪一个？
39. Should there be a misfortune, how could its
loss be lightened?
如果发生不幸，怎样才能减轻损失？
Had I known of your difficulties I would have
helped you .
要是我当时知道你的窘境，我就会帮你了
。
41. If it had not been for the prolonged drought
in May ,we should reap a bumper harvest this
year.
要不是五月那场持续的干旱，我们今年可
能夺得大丰收。（条件从句与过去事实相
反，主句与将来可能情况相反）
42. Had he not turned a deaf ear to my warning,
he would not be in such a difficult situation.
倘若他对我的告诫不置若罔闻的话，他就
不会陷入目前的困境了。（条件从句与过
去事实相反，主句与现在情况相反）
43. Had he enough courage he would certainly
take your challenge.
假如他有足够的勇气，他肯定会勇敢地接
受你的挑战。（条件从句与现在事实相反
，主句与将来情况相反）
44. Had you worked a bit harder, you would not
have to be so extremely worried about the
coming examination now.
如果你过去学习用功一点，现在也不必象
这样为即将来临的考试忧心如焚了。（条
件从句与过去事实相反，结果主句与现在
情况相反）
46. We could not have achieved such brilliant
achievement in the war without the selfless
support from the allied forces.
要不是盟军的无私援助，我们不可能取得
如此辉煌的成绩。
47. The plan would have turned out to be quite
effective under other circumstances.
换个环境，该计划完全可能非常有效。
48. He would have got much higher scores in the
final examination, but he was so lazy.
他本来在期末考试中得分会高得多的，只
是他太懒惰了。
49. It was snowing heavily or we could have got there on
time.
那天正值天降大雪，不然我们本来可以按时到
达的。
With more capital, I would have succeeded.
假如有更多的资本，我可能会取得成功。
The same thing, happening in a crowded place,
would have brought a great disaster.
假如相同的事件发生在人群拥挤的地方，一定
会引起一场大灾难。
50. But for the doctor’s skill, he would have died.
要不是医生医术高明，他早就死了。
Five minutes earlier, and we could have
caught the last train.
如果早到五分钟，我们就可以赶上一班火
车了。
To hear him speak English, you’d take him
for an American.
假如你听他说英语，你会以为他是美国人
。
51. Exercise One
1.If the earth suddenly __ spinning, we
would all fly off it. （ 1990 年 6 月四级题）
A. stopped
B. had stopped
C. has stopped
D. would stop
52. 2.“How should the city be run?” “If I __ a
mayor, I would make the streets cleaner and
hire more policemen.” （托福题）
A. would
B. were
C. would be
D. should
53. 3.If the whole operation __ beforehand, a
great deal of time and money would have
been lost. （ 1999 年 6 月四级题）
A. was not planned
B. has not been planned
C. had not been planned
D. were not planned
54. 4. Jean doesn’t want to work right away because she
thinks that if she __ a job she probably wouldn’t be
able to see her friends very often. （ 1996 年 1 月四
级题）
A. has to get
B. were to get
C. had got
D. could have got
55. 5.If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch
you when you fell, you __ now. （ 1999 年 1
月四级题）
A. wouldn’t be smiling
B. couldn’t have smiled
C. won’t smile
D. didn’t smile
56. 6.I apologize if I __ you, but I assure you it
was unintentional. （ 1998 年考研题）
A. offend
B. had offended
C. should have offended
D. might have offended
57. 7.It is of the utmost importance that you __
here on time. （ 1995 年 6 月六级题）
A. be
B. shall be
C. are to be
D. must be
58. 8.It is recommended that the project __ until
all the preparations have been made.(1995 年
6 月四级题 )
A. is not started
B. will not be started
C. not be started
D. is not to be started
59. 9.Who would you rather his daughter __ in
the same office. （ 2002 年 6 月四级题）
A. going
B. to go
C. have gone
D. went
60. 10.Church as we use the word refers to all
religious institutions,__ they Christina,
Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on. （ 2001
考研题）
A. be
B. being
C. were
D. are
61. Translation
1. 要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没有问题了
。
If my brother were here, everything would be
all right.
2. 昨晚如果有时间，我就回来看你的。
If I had had time last night,I would have come
to see you.
62. 3.You would be much better now if you had taken
my advice.
假如你接受了我的意见，你现在就会好得多
。
4. As Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, I
have directed that all measures be taken for our
defense.
作为陆海空三军的总司令，我已下令采取一切
防御措施。
63. Listening Practice
Enjoy the following english songs and practice
the subjunctive mood.
Because I love you
Shoulda woulda coulda
