• We use population
pyramids to analyze
growth (or decline)
of fertility, mortality,
and migration in
cities…
what is this
population
pyramid telling
us?

the oldies
population in 5
economically year age bands
active
the kiddos
this can be a
percentage or a #

• There are three basic shapes…
the the
the
box cup
xmas
tree

the christmas tree the box the cup
(developing (developed nation; (developed nation;
nation) slow growth) negative growth)
•growth rates are •low infant mortality •low birth rate
slow •slow population •shrinking population
•high birth rate growth •long life expectancy
•short life expectancy •long life expectancy
Like? Like? Like?
Namibia Sweden Italy
Bangladesh USA Japan

the
xmas
tree

the
box

few children
being born
the
cup

B
A F
E
H
D
C
A. Ann Arbor, MI (University of Michigan)
G
B. Buffalo County, SD (Crow Creek Indian Reservation)
C. Fort Bragg, NC (United States Army Base)
D. Leavenworth, KS (United States Penitentiary)
E. Manhattan, NYC (New York City)
F. Northampton, MA (Smith College)
G. Punta Gorda, FL (retirement community)
H. Springfield, IL (typical American city)

Ann Arbor,
AGE
Michigan
90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
25-29 yrs
20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
5-9 yrs.
0-4 yrs.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
PERCENT

Ft. Bragg,
AGE
N. Carolina
90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
25-29 yrs
20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
5-9 yrs.
0-4 yrs.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
PERCENT

Buffalo County,
AGE
S. Dakota
90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
25-29 yrs
20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
5-9 yrs.
0-4 yrs.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
PERCENT

Manhattan,
AGE
New York
90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
25-29 yrs
20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
5-9 yrs.
0-4 yrs.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
PERCENT

Springfield,
AGE
Illinois
90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
25-29 yrs
20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
5-9 yrs.
0-4 yrs.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
PERCENT

Punta Gorda,
AGE
90+ yrs.
Florida
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
25-29 yrs
20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
5-9 yrs.
0-4 yrs.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
PERCENT

Northampton,
AGE
Massachusetts
90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
25-29 yrs
20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
5-9 yrs.
0-4 yrs.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
PERCENT

Leavenworth,
AGE
Kansas
90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
25-29 yrs
20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
5-9 yrs.
0-4 yrs.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
PERCENT

Country Males Females
0‐19 20‐39 40‐59 60+ 0‐19 20‐39 40‐59 60+
Argentina 19 15 10 6 18 15 11 8
Bangladesh 25 16 8 3 23 16 7 3
Brazil 20 17 9 3 19 17 10 4
Canada 13 15 14 7 12 15 14 9
China 17 18 11 5 16 17 11 5
Cuba 14 18 11 7 14 18 12 7
Egypt 24 16 9 3 23 15 9 3
France 13 14 13 9 12 14 13 12
Germany 11 15 14 10 10 14 13 14
Haiti 27 14 6 2 26 15 7 3
Honduras 27 15 6 2 26 15 6 3
India 22 16 9 4 21 15 9 4
Indonesia 21 17 9 3 20 17 9 4
Kenya 28 15 5 2 27 15 5 2
Mexico 22 16 8 3 21 17 8 4
Pakistan 27 15 7 2 25 14 7 2
Poland 14 15 13 7 14 14 14 10
Romania 13 16 12 8 12 15 13 11
Saudi Arabia 26 15 12 2 25 12 5 2
Thailand 17 19 10 4 17 18 10 5
United Kingdom 13 14 13 9 12 14 13 12