[2024]Digital Global Overview Report 2024 Meltwater.pdf
Cancer slides2013
1. 10-3 Regulating the Cell
Cycle
Cyclins are proteins that regulate the cell cycle
– “Tell” cell when to divide, enter cell cycle phases
– Signal spindle formation during Interphase
– In addition to cyclins, other proteins also help regulate cycle
Internal regulators respond to events inside a
cell - check that a cell is prepared for mitosis
– spindle fibers, replicated DNA, etc.
External regulators are outside signals to
speed up/slow down cell division
– ie: contact inhibition,
wound healing
3. What is Cancer?
Result of faulty cell
cycle
– Cells lose ability to control
growth – do not respond to
regulatory signals
– Cells divide out of control – do
not spot dividing when come
in contact with other cells like
normal cells do
– Demonstrate bizarre behavior
4.
5. What is Cancer?
Malignant tumor
– Lump resulting from
division of cancer cell
• Can spread
• Displaces normal tissue
• Can spread into
circulatory system
Metastasis
– Spread of malignant
cells to other tissues
Cancers named for
where they originate
• Non-metastatic,
noninvasive tumors are
called benign
6. What causes Cancer?
Causes of cancer
– Carcinogens – cancer causing
chemicals (tobacco, asbestos)
– Mutations in DNA overproduce
growth factors (cells keep dividing)
OR do not produce suppressors
(cells never stop dividing) - a
defect in p53 gene
– Some viruses
– Heredity - genes
– Radiation