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1. LACEY’S REPERTOIRE
OF ELEMENTS
• Characters
• Narrative Events
• Iconography
• Setting (mise-en-scene)
• Technical and audio codes

2. Characters
• Katy Perry is the only character on the album artwork. She is
represented in only one image across the whole outer
packaging. On the cover image, she appears to be completely
naked and is covered sparingly by the pink clouds that she is
lying on. She appears to be in the sky lay on these cloud which
look like candyfloss, linking to the theme of the album which is
candy and sweets. The colour scheme of the image which
includes pale pinks and blues is stereotypical of the pop genre;
however the fact that she is naked and posing in a sexualised
manner suggests that this artist adds another dimension to the
genre. Despite the provocative representation in the image is
still maintains an element of innocence and youthfulness. The
binary opposition between these angelic and childlike
surroundings and the characters sexualised nudity helps to
emphasise the stereotype and themes of the pop genre, such
as the sexual objectification of women.

3. Narrative Events
• The only aspect of narrative in the image is the
representation of character in Katy Perry. Her parted lips
and direct mode of address add a romantic and sexual
tone to the image and suggest that the album is themed
around love and relationships. This creates a narrative
enigma as the audience may wonder what is going on
and why is Katy feeling this way.

4. Iconography
• The use of props includes the pink candyfloss clouds
which allude to the general theme of the album. The CD
itself is stylized as a large pink and white candy and the
back cover uses these sweets to replace the letter ‘O’.
The props may be seen as iconic of childhood and
fantasy which fits with the theme. The fact that Katy
Perry’s hair and makeup are both perfectly styled along
with her lack of clothing is a stereotypical representation
of women in the pop genre as she is shown to be a sex
symbol and an image of perfection and beauty.

5. Setting (mise-en-scene)
• The setting appears to be in the sky above the clouds,
arguably suggesting that the setting is heaven for the
character. This may also suggest that the idea of candy
and sweets or love and relationships is like heaven to the
majority of the audience. The mise-en-scene is left
relatively plain to allow the viewers’ attention to be
focused on Katy Perry and the setting. The image and
colour scheme suggests happiness and a youthful
atmosphere.

6. Technical and audio codes
• The use of high-key lighting again reinforces that this is a
positive image and suggests love and happiness. The
camera uses a long shot to include the length of Katy’s
body and make her the main focus of the frame, using the
Guttenberg design principle to include the protagonist in
the primary optical area and strong fallow area. The
unique font is effective as it is formed to look like sweets
such as jelly and candy sticks.