Updated

1. Publishing and ‘impact’
Information Literacy PhD students

2. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

3. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

4. Intro: motivations for publishing
Edge, P., Martin, F., Fao, S. R., & Manning, N. (2011).
Researcher Attitudes and Behaviour Towards the “ Openness ” of Research Outputs in
Agriculture and Related Fields.

5. Motives for publishing

6. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

7. Beeldvullende foto met titel

8. How do we compare numbers
 Scientist Z. Math has a publication from 2003 with 17
citations
 Scientist M. Biology has a publication from 2009 with 24
citations

9. Baselines for Mathematics

10. Baselines for Molecular Biology
400
300
200
100
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Years after publication
Cumulative no. citations
Baseline
top 10%
top 1%

11. Citation enhanced A&I databases
 Web of Science
● Based on ± 12000 journals
● Metrics: Impact factor
● Baselines per ‘discipline’ (ESI)
● Analysis tools (Insight)
 Scopus
● Based on ± 19000 journals + other
publication types
● Metrics: SNIP and SJR
● Baselines + analysis tool (Scival)
 Google Scholar (http://scholar.google.com)
● Based on unknown journals + many
other things
● No baselines
There are other citation
enhanced databases:
PsychInfo,
SciFinder (Chemical abstracts)
ArXiv (Physics)
Spires (high energy physics)
Citeseer (ICT)

12. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

13. Bibliometric indicators: An example
 Kroes-Nijboer, A; Venema, P; Bouman, J; van der Linden, E
(2009) The Critical Aggregation Concentration of beta-
Lactoglobulin-Based Fibril Formation. Food Biophysics 4(2):59-
63.
● Citations from WoS: 11
 Journal: Food Biophysics
● Categorised by ESI in Agricultural Sciences
 Baseline data for Agricultural Sciences.
● Article from 2009 in Agricultural Sciences:
● On average: 5.47 citations; top 10%: 14 citations; top
1%: 34 citations
 Relative Impact: 11/5.47 = 2.01 Values June 2013

14. Essential Science Indicators (ESI)
 Analytical database, covering 10 years + current year
building
 Comparisons between Countries, Institutes, Scientists
and Journals
 Hot papers / Highly cited papers
 Research fronts
 Baselines

15. ESI Baselines

16. Alternative to ESI: Scival (Elsevier)

17. Alternative to ESI: Scival (Elsevier)

18. Steps in a citation analysis
1. Look up the citation data (Web of Science)
2. Matching Journal(s) with appropriate research fields
(Essential Science Indicators)
3. Collect baseline data (Essential Science Indicators)
4. Calculate the relative impact

19. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

20. H-index
 Balance between productivity
and citedness
 To rule out the effect of one
or two highly cited papers
 Applicable to authors,
journals, research groups,
compounds, subjects etc.
 But there are some serious
doubts about robustness
Waltman, L. & N. J. van Eck (2011). The inconsistency of
the h-index. Journal of the American Society for
Information Science and Technology 63(2):406-415
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.21678

21. H-index

22. Omnipresent h-index
54 47
57

23. Programme
 Publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics

24. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

25. Journal Performance Indicators
 Journal performance indicators are based on citations to
articles
 Journal Citation Reports (JCR)
● a.o. standard Journal Impact Factors and 5-year
Impact Factors
 Scopus Journal Analyzer (SJA)
● a.o. SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) and Source
Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP)
● Also available on http://journalmetrics.com/

26. Journal Citation Reports (JCR)
Reports three measures
 Impact factor
 Immediacy Index
 Cited half life
Adapted from: Amin, M and Mabe, M. (2000) Impact factors: use
and abuse. Perspectives in Publishing, No. 1, 6 pp.
http://www.elsevier.com/framework_editors/pdfs/Perspectives1.pdf

27. IF in 2011 for Agricultural Systems

28. Selecting journals on the basis of IF
 Word of warning
● Our opinion: Be careful when using Journal Impact
factors to judge the performance of a group or
individual scientist
● Used for NWO grant applications and Tenure track
at Wageningen UR
Opthof, T. (1997) Sense and nonsense about he impact factor. Cardiovascular Research,
33(1): 1-7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(96)00215-5

29. Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4

30. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

31. Journal quality and article impact 2003-
2009, for Wageningen UR
Source: Wageningen Yield, Feb. 2012

32. Bibliometric analysis

33. Increase in share of Q1 articles at
WageningenUR

34. Journal selection affects Relative Impact
2010
2011
2003

35. Interpretation of RI for small groups
 With 10-50 publications per year
RI ≤ 0.8 : below world average impact
0.8 < RI ≤ 1.2 : world average impact
1.2 < RI ≤ 2.0 : above world average impact
2.0 < RI ≤ 3.0 : very good average impact
RI > 3.0 : excellent average impact

36. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

37. Metrics and VLAG : Relative Impact
Category Maastricht Wageningen
Agricultural Sciences 2.04 2.07
Biology & Biochemistry 1.52 1.36
Chemistry 2.44 1.56
Clinical Medicine 0.98 2.81
Computer Science 2.18
Economics & Business 0.45
Engineering 1.94
Environment/Ecology 1.61
Geosciences 0.66
Immunology 2.98 1.34
Materials Science 3.76
Mathematics 0.2
Microbiology 1.14 3.13
Molecular Biology & Genetics 3.4 1.91
Neuroscience & Behavior 2.01 1.25
Pharmacology & Toxicology 0.74 1.53
Physics 1.25
Plant & Animal Science 2.44
Social Sciences, General 0 2.87
"All research fields 1.81 2.04

38. Metrics and VLAG : Top 10 %
Category Wageningen Maastricht
Agricultural Sciences 27% (212) 24% (181)
Biology & Biochemistry 15% (85) 17% (27)
Chemistry 20% (97) 33% (26)
Clinical Medicine 34% (202) 18% (12)
Computer Science 18% (2) 22% (11)
Economics & Business 0% (0) 20% (10)
Engineering 24% (9) 29%
Environment/Ecology 27% (12) 21% (6)
Geosciences 0% (0)
Immunology 20% (6)
Materials Science 35% (25)
Mathematics 0% (0)
Microbiology 25% (28) 0% (0)
Molecular Biology & Genetics 22% (20) 30% (3)
Neuroscience & Behavior 13% (9)
Pharmacology & Toxicology 22% (22) 20% (1)
Physics 16% (8)
Plant & Animal Science 30% (26) 75% (3)
Social Sciences, General 40% (34) 0% (0)
"All research fields 25% (799) 23% (302)

39. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

40. Types of publications
 Reports
 Conference proceedings
 Books/book chapters
 Journals
● Professional journals
● Scholarly journals

41. (Scientific journals) Peer review
 Peer review is the corner stone of scholarly quality
control
● Publications
● Research proposals/grants
● Research institutions/universities
 More info
● http://www.rin.ac.uk/peer-review-guide
● Course on Peer Review organized by WGS

42. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

43. Choosing the right journal to publish
 Many factors influence journal selection
● Journal scope/Intended audience
● Editorial board/standing
● Open Access
● The speed of reviewing and publication
● Acceptance/Rejection rate
● Journal circulation
● Coverage in A&I databases (bibliographies)
● Journal performance

44. Information "about" journals

45. Open Access
 OA publishing e.g. PLoS, BMC and Sage Open
 Self-archiving in repositories e.g. Wageningen Yield
(WaY)
 SHERPA/RoMEO: Publisher copyright policies & self-archiving
http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/
 Directory of open access journals DOAJ (currently ca.
10,000 journals)
 Be aware of predatory OA publishers

46. “Predatory publishers”

47. “Green” open access: deposit author
versions to WaY
See: http://edepot.wur.nl/169331
Send your version of the article to: way.libray@wur.nl

48. Speed of publication
 PLoS One
 Euphytica

49. Rejection / acceptance rates
 Sugimoto, C. R., Larivière, V., Ni, C., & Cronin, B. (2013). Journal acceptance rates: A cross-disciplinary analysis of
variability and relationships with journal measures. Journal of Informetrics, 7(4), 897–906. doi:10.1016/j.joi.2013.08.007

50. Rejection / acceptance rates

51. Rejection / acceptance rates

52. Journal circulation
 Compare e.g.
● “Agricultural Systems”
● "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
of the United States of America"

53. Coverage in A&I databases

54. Programme
 Intro: motivations for publishing
 Metrics
● Article metrics
● Author metrics
● Journal metrics
● Research group metrics
● Metrics and VLAG
 Publishing
● Journal choice
● Getting cited

55. Making your publications known:
networking

56. Networking is important
 Start early, make use of Social Networking tools
● Facebook
● LinkedIn
● Social networks for scientists
● Academia.edu, Researchgate.net

57. Imagine what happens when Michael
Müller tweets about his latest article

58. Advertise yourself
 Cite your previous articles!
 Be active at conferences
 Cooperate with other people/research groups
 Write, or expand, articles in the Wikipedia, refer to your
thesis.
 Blog or tweet about your research and thesis research
 Make use of social networking tools (LinkedIn,
Researchgate.net, Mendeley etc.)
 Create author’s identifiers (ScopusID, Researcher ID,
ORCID)

59. Claim your publications
 ResearcherID (Web of Science)
 Scopus Author ID (Scopus)
 Google Scholar Citations
 Mendeley
Enserink, M. (2009). Scientific Publishing: Are You Ready to Become a Number? Science,
323(5922): 1662-1664 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.323.5922.1662
 ORCID
● http://orcid.scopusfeedback.com/

62. What's in a name
 On the cover:
● Arina Schrier
 First first title page:
● A.P. Schrier-Uyl
 Second title page:
● Adriana Pia Uyl
 In here own publication list
● A. Uyl
● A. Uijl
● A.P. Schrier Uyl

63. This also applies to the names of groups
Environmental Policy Group, Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University
Environmental Policy Group, Wageningen University
Environmental Policy Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre
Environmental Policy Group, Wageningen UR

64. Get your affiliation right
For the university:
Chair group + Wageningen University
Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University,
P.O. box ..., 6700 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
For the institutes:
Institute + Wageningen University & Research Centre
Alterra, Wageningen University & Research Centre, P.O.
box ..., 6700 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands

65. Some other options to make you articles
effective
Apart from doing good research and writing
well, that is

66. Collaboration with private sector effective
Kamalski, J., & Aisati, M. h. (2013). International comparative benchmark of Dutch research
performance in TKI themes: Food Safety research. A report prepared by Elsevier for Agentschap NL.

67. University-industry collaboration and impact
"The average scientific impact of university-industry
papers is significantly above that of
both university-only papers and industry-only
papers"
Lebeau, L. M., Laframboise, M. C., Larivière, V., & Gingras, Y. (2008). The effect of university-industry
collaboration on the scientific impact of publications: The Canadian case, 1980-2005. Research
Evaluation, 17(3), 227-232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3152/095820208x331685

68. Choosing journals with High Impact
factors?

69. More co-authors?

70. References?
Recent articles! N. Onodera and F. Yoshikane, “Factors affecting citation rates of
research articles,” J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol. Jun. 2014.

71. Self citations and more

72. Self citations
The model [...] implies that external citations are
enhanced by self-citations, so that we have the
“chain reaction:” Larger size leads to more self-citations,
which lead to more external citations.
van Raan, A. F. J. (2008). Self-citation as an impact-reinforcing mechanism in the
science system. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and
Technology 59(10): 1631-1643.
11/28

73. More articles per research project?
 Publishing more articles results in higher citation counts
if the articles provide sufficient substantive content to
other researchers.
● Beware of the ethical standards
● Bornmann looked at total citations, not to relative
impact
Bornmann, L. & H.-D. Daniel (2007). Multiple publication on a single research study:
Does it pay? The influence of number of research articles on total citation counts in
biomedicine. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and
Technology, 58(8): 1100-1107 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.20531

74. Publish your data!
 Henneken et al. (2011) "articles with links to data result
in higher citation rates than articles without such links"
http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.3618
 Piwowar et al. (2007) "Sharing detailed research data is
associated with increased citation rate
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000308
 Library assists in curating datasets

75. Why is data management important
 Good data management improves thinking and writing
up your results
 Data should be reproducible 5 years after publication
(code of conduct)
 It facilitates sharing of data with other researchers

76. Why is data management important
 Good data management improves thinking and writing
up your results
 Data should be reproducible 5 years after publication
(code of conduct)
 It facilitates sharing of data with other researchers
 As of April 2014, a Data Management Plan is mandatory
for new PhD students

77. Sharing data increases impact
"Publicly available data was significantly associated with a
69% increase in citations, independently of journal impact
factor, date of publication, and author country of origin"
Piwowar, H. A., Day, R. S., & Fridsma, D. B. (2007). Sharing Detailed Research Data Is Associated with Increased
Citation Rate. PLoS ONE, 2(3), e308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000308

80. More info on Data Management Plan
 http://www.wageningenur.nl/library/dmp
 Template for DMP

81. Additional information
 http://wageningenur.nl/library
● Write & Cite a.o.
● Publishing and impact
● Copyright
● Open Access
● PhD theses submission

82. Thank you!
http://www.slideshare.net/hugobesemer