1. What if we treated
violence like a disease?
Charlie Ransford
Senior Researcher, Cure Violence
UIC School of Public Health
2. New Scientific Understanding of Violence
Violence has the 3 characteristics of an epidemic disease
1. Violence clusters - like a disease
Cholera Violence
2. Violence spreads - like a disease
Influenza
Violence
3. Violence is transmitted -
through exposure, modeling,
social learning, and norms.
3. Child Abuse Victims Becoming Abusers
30%
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Community Violence Increases Post War
(WW1 & WW2)
Combat
Nations
Non-
Combat
Nations
#of
Nations
Increase Decrease No Change
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 2Chronic
Exposure
No/Low/Moderate
Exposure
Chronic Exposure to Community Violence
Associated with Perpetration
Exposure to Violence Perpetration of Violence
Probabilityof
PerpetratingViolence
4. Social Learning
Modeling
Mirror Neurons
Social Norms
Scripts
Neurological Effects
Desensitization
Hyper-arousal
Stress
Modulating Factors
Dose
Prior immunity
Context
Age
1
2
3 4
What Is Known About The Transmission of Violence?
5. Cure Violence Epidemic Control Model
Using trained public health workers to detect
and mediate potentially lethal conflicts
Using highly trained outreach workers to
identify those at highest risk for violence
and provide treatment to change behavior
over the short and long-term
Reversing social pressure so that violence is
no longer expected and accepted
1. Detect & Interrupt Transmission
2. Change Behavior of Highest Risk
3. Change Norms
6. Cure Violence Use of Crime Data
Shootings & Killing 2007-2010 Shootings & Killing 2011
7. Cure Violence Model Proven Effective
3 Independent Multi-year Evaluations
City
(study period)
# of Sites
Evaluated
Reduction in
Shootings
Chicago
(2000-2008)
Baltimore
(2007-2010)
New York
(2009-2011)
7
4
1
-41% to -73%
-34% to -44%
-20%
1
1
2
Compared to previous rate
Compared to expected value based on control trend
1
2