Trends in educational disadvantage in the Netherlands Paper AERA 2012 Vancouver, Canada

1. Dr Geert Driessen Trends in educational disadvantage in Dutch elementary school
Paper Annual Meeting AERA , Vancouver, April 13-17, 2012 1
Trends in educational disadvantage
in Dutch elementary school
dr. Geert Driessen
ITS – Institute of Applied Social Sciences
Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands
www.geertdriessen.nl

2. Dr Geert Driessen Trends in educational disadvantage in Dutch elementary school
Paper Annual Meeting AERA , Vancouver, April 13-17, 2012 2
Educational Disadvantage Policy (EDP)
Goal: combat and prevent educational disadvantage
Level: national and local
Target groups: low-SES non-minority (= native Dutch) and
minority students
Instrument: weighted student funding
Focus: improving language and math achievement
Evaluation: large-scale cohort studies to monitor the
students’ progress

3. Dr Geert Driessen Trends in educational disadvantage in Dutch elementary school
Paper Annual Meeting AERA , Vancouver, April 13-17, 2012 3
Study design
Research question
Have the language and math achievement of the EDP target
groups improved in the period 1994 - 2007?
Repeated cross-sectional study (results growth modeling
comparable)
Measurement rounds cohorts 1994, 1998, 2002, 2007
Language and math test scores
Grades 2 and 8 (6- and 12-year-olds)
20,000 students per year in 550 schools

4. Dr Geert Driessen Trends in educational disadvantage in Dutch elementary school
Paper Annual Meeting AERA , Vancouver, April 13-17, 2012 4
Social-ethnic background students
Non-minority
N-e sr vocational
plus
both parents more than pre-vocational education, at least
one higher education
N-d sr vocational both parents senior vocational education
N-c pre-vocational
plus
one parent max. pre-vocational education, the other more
N-b* pre-vocational both parents max. pre-vocational education
N-a* elementary plus both parents max. pre-vocational education, at least one
max. elementary education
Minority
M-e sr vocational
plus
both parents more than pre-vocational education, at least
one higher education
M-d sr vocational both parents senior vocational education
M-c pre-vocational
plus
one parent max. pre-vocational education, the other more
M-b* pre-vocational both parents max. pre-vocational education
M-a* elementary plus both parents max. pre-vocational education, at least one
max. elementary education

5. Dr Geert Driessen Trends in educational disadvantage in Dutch elementary school
Paper Annual Meeting AERA , Vancouver, April 13-17, 2012 5
Language skills grade 2
Effect sizes; reference: non-minority sr vocational education
1994 1998 2002 2007
N-e 0,20 0,17 0,25 0,19
N-d -0,05 -0,08 -0,08 -0,14
N-b -0,32 -0,37 -0,42 -0,32
N-a -0,54 -0,51 -0,77 -0,64
M-e -0,33 -0,35 -0,47 -0,49
M-d -0,50 -0,81 -0,76 -0,84
M-c -0,61 -0,79 -0,98 -0,81
M-b -0,83 -0,96 -1,09 -0,92
M-a -1,30 -1,22 -1,25 -1,09
-1,40
-1,20
-1,00
-0,80
-0,60
-0,40
-0,20
0,00
0,20
0,40

6. Dr Geert Driessen Trends in educational disadvantage in Dutch elementary school
Paper Annual Meeting AERA , Vancouver, April 13-17, 2012 6
Language skills grade 8
Effect sizes; reference: non-minority sr vocational education
1994 1998 2002 2007
N-e 0,27 0,31 0,33 0,39
N-d -0,23 -0,19 -0,14 -0,24
N-b -0,53 -0,51 -0,49 -0,57
N-a -0,85 -0,70 -0,65 -0,72
M-e -0,26 -0,29 -0,13 0,01
M-d -0,68 -0,61 -0,47 -0,40
M-c -0,83 -0,78 -0,64 -0,45
M-b -1,01 -0,98 -0,83 -0,75
M-a -1,57 -1,35 -1,12 -0,76
-2,00
-1,50
-1,00
-0,50
0,00
0,50

7. Dr Geert Driessen Trends in educational disadvantage in Dutch elementary school
Paper Annual Meeting AERA , Vancouver, April 13-17, 2012 7
Math skills grade 2
Effect sizes; reference: non-minority sr vocational education
1994 1998 2002 2007
N-e 0,18 0,20 0,29 0,24
N-d -0,17 -0,10 -0,04 -0,12
N-b -0,43 -0,38 -0,36 -0,31
N-a -0,63 -0,57 -0,63 -0,52
M-e -0,23 -0,18 -0,25 -0,23
M-d -0,51 -0,59 -0,49 -0,56
M-c -0,60 -0,58 -0,60 -0,49
M-b -0,81 -0,72 -0,73 -0,64
M-a -1,07 -0,93 -0,78 -0,66
-1,20
-1,00
-0,80
-0,60
-0,40
-0,20
0,00
0,20
0,40

8. Dr Geert Driessen Trends in educational disadvantage in Dutch elementary school
Paper Annual Meeting AERA , Vancouver, April 13-17, 2012 8
Math skills grade 8
Effect sizes; reference: non-minority sr vocational education
1994 1998 2002 2007
N-e 0,19 0,32 0,34 0,35
N-d -0,16 -0,17 -0,18 -0,16
N-b -0,50 -0,50 -0,52 -0,42
N-a -0,81 -0,72 -0,74 -0,48
M-e -0,23 -0,02 0,07 0,13
M-d -0,52 -0,34 -0,35 -0,32
M-c -0,54 -0,56 -0,40 -0,25
M-b -0,73 -0,76 -0,66 -0,56
M-a -0,98 -0,73 -0,69 -0,44
-1,20
-1,00
-0,80
-0,60
-0,40
-0,20
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60

9. Dr Geert Driessen Trends in educational disadvantage in Dutch elementary school
Paper Annual Meeting AERA , Vancouver, April 13-17, 2012 9
Reduction of delays between 1994 and
2002, and 2002 and 2007
Categories 1994–2007 2002–2007
Total target vs. non-target
Language skill 21% 14%
Math Skill 24% 23%
Non-minority target vs. non-target
Language skill -6% -13%
Math skill 8% 18%
Minority target vs. non-target
Language skill 46% 30%
Math skill 40% 27%

10. Dr Geert Driessen Trends in educational disadvantage in Dutch elementary school
Paper Annual Meeting AERA , Vancouver, April 13-17, 2012 10
Explanations
Positive development minority target group:
- demographical developments
- teachers more experienced
- Educational Disadvantage Policy
Relative decline non-minority target group:
- exhaustion talents
- low level of ambition among low-SES parents in rural areas
- lesser quality education (small) rural schools