This document discusses medical education and professional practice in several ASEAN countries. It provides comparisons of medical degree structures, qualifications frameworks, and regulations regarding professional mobility. The key points are: 1) Medical education systems vary across countries, with degrees typically requiring 5-6 years of study after a bachelor's degree. National qualifications frameworks classify medical qualifications at levels 6-8. 2) Countries regulate medical practice and licensing, with requirements for registration, continuing education, and adherence to ethical standards. 3) The ASEAN MRA on medical practitioners facilitates temporary mobility for purposes like training, research, or humanitarian missions. Recognition of qualifications is determined through a process involving professional regulatory authorities.

1. Medical Education
Professional Practice
ASEAN MRA
Jose Y. Cueto Jr., MD, FPCS, FPSGS, MHPEd
Professional Regulatory Board of Medicine
Plenary Session 3: Country Case Study
Presentation

2. CHED and PRC
Permit to open/operate
Monitor / evaluate
Decisions
•
Licensure exams Monitor
conditions
Registration Code of
Ethics
Licensing CPE/CPD
Oathtaking Admin.
Investigation
Commission on Higher
Education (CHED)
Professional Regulation
Commission (PRC)
Higher Education
Institutions
Graduates Professionals

3. Medical Education
• British System
12 years Basic Ed
5 years MBBS
• 17 years
• Bachelor’s Degree
• PHL System
10 years Basic Ed
4 years Baccalaureate
5 years MD
• 19 years
• Doctorate Degree

4. Comparability Study: Medicine
THAILAND
• Pre-req: K12
• Year 1: Premedical
(GE)
• Years 2-3: Preclinical
• Years 4-6: Clinical
• Subjects
• Assessment
• 3-step Licensure Exams
PHILIPPINES
• Pre-req: Bachelor’s
Degree
• Years 1-3: Preclinical
• Years 4-5: Clinical
• Subjects
• Assessment
• Licensure exams:
written

5. Comparison / Alignment
MEDICINE
Country No. of Years Degree
Philippines BS + 5 Doctorate
US BS + 5 Doctorate
Thailand K-12 + 6 Doctorate
Singapore K-12 + 5 Baccalaureate
Malaysia K-12 + 5 Baccalaureate
UK K-12 + 5 Baccalaureate

6. Practice of the Profession
THAILAND
• General Practice
• Specialty Practice
Areas/Fields
Duration (years)
Certification
• Core Competencies
• Scope of Practice
PHILIPPINES
• General Practice
• Specialty Practice
Areas/ Fields
Duration (years)
Certification
• Core Competencies
• Scope of Practice

7. Medical Practitioners
• Levels in the National Qualifications
Frameworks

8. BRUNEI
DARUSSALAM
QF Levels
Schools Sector
Technical and
Vocational Education
Sector
Higher Education Sector
8 Doctoral Degree
7 Master’s Degree
Post Graduate Diploma
Post Graduate Certificate
6 Bachelor’s Degree
5 Advanced Diploma Foundation Degree
Advanced Diploma
4
• GCE “A” Level;
• IGCSE “A” Level
• IB Diploma:
• STPU
Diploma Certificate & Diploma
3
• GCE “O” Level (grades A–C);
• IGCSE and GCSE “O” Level (grade A*
- C);
• SPU (grades A-C)
Skills Certificate 3
(SC3)
2
• GCE “O” Level (grades D-E);
• IGCSE (grade D-G) “O” Level;
• SPU (grades D)
• BTEC Edexcel Level 2 First Certificate
Skills Certificate 2
(SC2)
1
BTEC Edexcel Level 1 Introductory
Certificate
Skills Certificate 1
(SC1)

9. Cambodia
CQF
LEVEL TVET
Higher
Education
8 Doctoral Degree Doctoral Degree
7 Master of Technology/Business Master Degree
6 Bachelor of Technology /
Engineering / Business
Bachelor Degree
5 Higher Diploma Associate Degree
4 Technical & Vocational Certificate III
3 Technical & Vocational Certificate II
2 Technical & Vocational Certificate I
1 Vocational Certificate

10. INDONESIA
S2
S1
S3
General High
School
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
6
Professional
Spesialist
D I
D IV
D III
D II
Vocational Senior High
School
Subspesialist
Elementary/Junior High School
FORMAL ACADEMIC EDU FORMAL VOCATIOAL/PROF EDU
2
22

11. MALAYSIA

12. THE PHL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK
LEVEL
GRADE 10
GRADE 12
TECHNICAL
EDUCATION AND
SKILLS
DEVELOPMENT
HIGHER EDUCATION
DOCTORAL AND
POST DOCTORAL
BACCALAUREATE
BASIC
EDUCATION
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
L8
NC I
NC II
NC IV
NC III
NC IV
DIPLOMA
BACCALAUREATE
POST BACCALAUREATE

13. NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK OF THAILAND
LEVEL QUALIFICATIONS TITLES
9 Doctoral Degree
8 Higher Graduate Diploma
7 Master’s Degree
6 Graduate Diploma
5 Bachelor’s Degree
4 Diploma/ Associate Degree
3 Certificate III (vocational certificate – skilled
worker)
2 Certificate II (upper secondary and initial vocational
training - semi skilled worker)
1 Certificate I (middle secondary and initial vocational
training - worker with basic skills)

14. INDONESIAPHILIPPINES
Qualification Levels
Filipino, Doctor of Medicine
Specialist in Internal Medicine
Subspecialist in Cardiology
PQF Level 8
Subspecialist Qualification
IQF Level 9

15. INDONESIAPHILIPPINES
Qualification Levels
Specialist in Internal Medicine
Subspecialist in Cardiology
PQF Level 8
Subspecialist Qualification
IQF Level 9
Indonesian, Doctor of Medicine

16. MOBILITY OF
PROFESSIONALS

17. Conceptual Framework
RECOGNITION DEVELOPMENT
COMPARISON
OF QUALIFICATIONS
MOBILITY OF PROFESSIONALS
(ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY 2015)
MRA NQF AQRF

18. Main
Objective
FACILITATE MOBILITY OF PROFESSIONALSFACILITATE MOBILITY OF PROFESSIONALS
COUNTRY IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION
Basic//Postgraduate Qualifications
Registration Policies and Procedures
Licensing Policies and Procedures
Educational System
Recognition and Eligibility Requirements
DEFINITION OF FORM OF MOBILITY

19. Recognition and Eligibility of Foreign
Medical Practitioners
1. In possession of a qualification recognized by
PMRA of country of origin and host country
2. In possession of a valid professional registration
and current practising certificate to practice
medicine issued by PMRA of country of origin
3. Has been in active practice as General
Practitioner or Specialist for not less than 5
continuous years in country of origin

20. Recognition and Eligibility of Medical
Practitioners
4. In compliance with CPD requirements
5. Has been certified as not having violated any
professional or ethical standards, local and
international
6. Has declared that there is no investigation or
legal proceeding pending against him/her in the
country of origin or another country
7. In compliance with any other assessment or
requirement as may be imposed by host country

21. The ASEAN MRAs
PROFESSIONAL SERVICES DATE / PLACE OF
SIGNING
1. ENGINEERING 9 Dec. 2005 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia2. NURSING 8 Dec. 2006 Cebu, Philippines
3. SURVEYING 19 Nov. 2007 Singapore
4. ARCHITECTURE 19 Nov. 2007 Singapore
5. DENTISTRY 26 Feb. 2009 Cha-am,
Thailand6. MEDICINE 26 Feb. 2009 Cha-am,
Thailand7. ACCOUNTANCY 26 Feb. 2009 Cha-am,
Thailand
8. TOURISM 9 Nov. 2012 Bangkok,
Thailand

22. REGULATED PROFESSIONS
(4 CLUSTERS)
Technology
Professions
1. Agriculture
2. Architecture
3. Chemistry
4. Environmental
Planning
5. Fisheries
6. Forestry
7. Geology
8. Interior Design
9. Landscape
Architecture
10.Master
Plumbers
Health and Allied
Professions
1. Dentistry
2. Medical
Technology
3. Medicine
4. Midwifery
5. Nursing
6. Nutrition and
Dietetics
7. Optometry
8. Pharmacy
9. Physical and
Occupational
Therapy
10.Radiologic
Technology
11.Respiratory
Therapy
12.Veterinary
Business,
Education and
Economic
Professions
1. Accountancy
2. Criminology
3. Customs Brokers
4. Guidance
Counseling
5. Librarian
6. Professional
Teachers
7. Psychology
8. Real Estate
Services
9. Social Workers
Engineering
Professions
1. Aeronautical
2. Agricultural
3. Chemical
4. Civil
5. Electrical
6. Electronics
7. Geodetic
8. Mechanical
9. Metallurgical
10.Mining
11.Naval
Architecture
and Marine
12.Sanitary

23. DEFINITION OF FORM OF MOBILITY
BSSWG HSSWG
NO ASEAN REGISTERESTABLISHMENT OF ASEAN REGISTER
REGISTRATION AS RFP IN HOST COUNTRY
WORK IN PROJECTS FIVE AREAS OF PRACTICE
ROLES OF PRAs
MOBILITY OF
PROFESSIONALS
MONITORING AND EVALUATION
SUCCESS INDICATORS
TEMPORARY LICENSING

24. Form of Mobility
ASEAN
Medical
Practitioners
PMRA
Qualification
Recognition
Process
PMRA
Confer
Temporary
Registration
Licensing
Limited
Practice
Expert
Visit
Education
Training
Research
Humanitarian
Missions

25. QUALIFICATIONS
• Profession: Medicine
• Qualification: General
Practitioner
• PQF Level 7
• AQRF Level 7

26. QUALIFICATIONS
• Profession: Medicine
• Qualification: General
Practitioner
• PQF Level 7
• AQRF Level 7
• Profession of Medicine
• Qualification:
Specialist
• Specialty: Cardiology
• PQF Level 8
• AQR Level 8

27. Regional Situation
National Qualifications Frameworks
(10 countries)
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework
ASEAN MRA / MRS
ASEAN
INTEGRATION
2015
Device for Comparison Referencing Process

28. ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Qualifications
(A)
Qualifications
(B)
Country
(A)
Country
(B)AQRF
8

29. REFERENCING PROCESS 2018
29
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1. Implementation of
PQF
2. Documentation of
processes, QA
mechanisms, LLL
3. Australian team
visit, March 2015
4. Pre-referencing
starting 2016
5. Referencing of the
PQF to the AQRF,
2018
PQF AQRF

30. END OF PRESENTATION
Thank you very much
for your kind
attention!