3.
In humans, the heart has four
chambers: two upper chambers
(the atria) and two lower ones
(the ventricles). The right
atrium and right ventricle
together make up the "right
heart," and the left atrium and
left ventricle make up the "left
heart." A wall of muscle called
the septum separates the two
sides of the heart.
The heart functions by pumping
blood both to the lungs and to
the systems of the body. To
prevent blood from flowing
backwards or “regurgitating”
back into the heart, a system of
one-way valves are present in
the heart. The heart valves can
be broken down into two types:
atrioventricular and semilunar
valves.
4.
5. One can say that the reptile
heart has three chambers, two
atria
and
one,
partially
divided,ventricle. Or one may
argue that reptiles have four
chambered hearts with two
atria and two ventricles, but the
wall between theventricles is
incomplete. In fact, both of
these
interpretations
are
correct.
Though, as a result of the
incomplete partition between
the two ventricles, there is
some mixing of oxygenated
and deoxygenated blood, this
is minimized by the timing of
the contractions.
6. The crocodile is the lone
exception among reptiles in terms
of heart structure. In the crocodile
heart the partition between the
right and the left ventricle has
been completed and resembles
the four-chambered heart of birds
and mammals.
Nevertheless a peculiar
difference from the four
chambered hearts does exist.
Specifically, the right ventricle
pumps blood into not one
but two separate vessels: the
pulmonary artery and the, socalled, right systemic artery.
Such an arrangement allows the
crocodile to effectively switch
between normal and low oxygen
(apnea) conditions by closing the
7.
8. The heart of fish are the simplest
vertebrate hearts. They are made
up of two main chambers: a thin
walled atrium, and a more muscular
ventricle.
The atrium pumps the blood into
the ventricle, which in turn pumps
the blood into the conus, an elastic
compartment which does not pump,
but has the ability to stretch and
squeeze.
From the conus the blood travels
straight to the gills where it is
enriched
with
oxygen.
The oxygenated blood then flows
through the body and returns to the
atrium.
The fish therefore has a singlecurcuit circulation through which
blood is driven by a simple twochambered heart.
9. HUMAN
REPTILES
FISH
Four chamber
-Two atrium
-Two ventricle
Three chamber
(except for crocodile)
-Two atrium
-One ventricle
Two chamber
-One atrium
-One ventricle
Double circulatory system
Double circulatory system
One circulatory system
Complete ventricular
septum
Incomplete ventricular
septum
No septum
Sinus venosus exists
distinctly only in the
embryonic heart
Consist of sinus venosus
Consist of Sinus venosus
10.
Reptile (except for crocodile) has three chamber heart
compare to human, which is consist of four chamber of
heart
Reptiles (except for crocodile) has only one ventricle
while human heart consist of two ventricle.
Reptiles has incomplete ventricular septum while human
has complete ventricular septum
Reptiles has mixing of oxygenated blood and
deoxygenated blood due to incomplete septum, while
human has seperate of oxygenated blood and
deoxygenated blood.
Reptiles consist of sinus venosus while human, sinus
venosus exists distinctly only in the embryonic heart
11.
Fish has two chamber of heart while reptiles has three
chamber of heart (except for crocodile) and four chamber
of heart for crocodile reptile
Fish has only one atrium while reptiles has two atrium
Fish has only one ventricle while crocodile reptile has two
ventricle
Fish has one criculatory system while reptile has double
circulatory system
Fish do not has septum while reptiles has incomplete
ventricular seeptum
12.
Human heart consist of four chamber while fish heart
only consist of two chamber
Human heart has two atrium while fish heart has one
atrium
Human heart has two ventricle while fish heart has one
ventricle
Human has double circulatory system while fish has one
circulatory system
Human has complete ventricular septum while fish do not
has any septum
Human only has sinus venosus during embryo period
only while fish indeed have a sinus venosus
13.
An organ that pumps blood throughout the body via the
circulatory system.
Consist of chamber; atrium and ventricle.
Consist of circulatory system.
Consist of blood vessel
Consist of valve
Contracts and expands
Involved of oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood
14.
Crocodile is a type of reptiles. Crocodile has 4 chamber
of heart. Two of them known as atria and other two
chamber known as ventricle. This characteristic actually
same with human’s heart
Both human and reptiles heart has double circulatory
system.
Both consist of septum
15.
Both has only one ventricle (reptiles except for crocodile)
Both has sinus venosus
