Bioenergetics

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Bioenergetics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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THE COMMON CATABOLIC PATHWAY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],H + and e - transporting molecules

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Citric acid cycle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],C 6 CO 2 C 5 C 4 C 4 C 2 C 2 Carbon balance

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ELECTRON and H + TRANSPORT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The sequence of the electron - carrying enzyme systems starts with ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Soluble in lipid, thus, can move laterally within the membrane

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PHOSPHORYLATION AND THE CHEMIOSOMOTIC PUMP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],Spontaneous flow of ions from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration results in a driving force that propels the protons back to the mitochondrion through the proton translocating ATPase in the inner membrane of mitochondrion catalyzing ATPase ADP + Pi ATP + H 2 O A continuous variation in the H + conc along a given region  H + conc in intermembrane space than matrix

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],- F 1 sector contains 5 kinds of polypeptides - the F 1 catalytic unit converts the mechanical energy of the rotor to chemical energy of the ATP molecule ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

INNER INTERMEMBRANE SPACE OUTER Accumulated H + Pump H + out A molecule of ATP synthesized / pair of translocated H + storage of electrical energy (due to flow of charges) in the form of chemical energy Hydrolysis of ATP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Electron/H + transport ATP formed Each O 2 molecule we breathe in 2H 2 O Combines with 4H + ions & 4 e - Coming from the NADH and FADH 2 molecules (TCA cycle ATP formation is driven by the entrance of H + into the mitochondrion HOH from O 2 -------  increase in H 2 O depleted the H + conc O 2 is not utilized but is needed for cell’s survival !

THE ENERGY YIELD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL ENERGY TO OTHER FORMS OF ENERGY ,[object Object],Phosphorylase b Phosphorylase (seryl-PO 4 ) ATP ADP Glycogen glucose ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Bioenergetics

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Bioenergetics