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Chapter 2: SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGAIONS
WILL IT FLOAT OR SINK?
1. descriptive Investigation  : gather observational and measurement data to answer questions about the properties and actions of objects, organisms, events, and systems 2. Classificatory Investigation  : organize collected information by sorting and grouping it according to one or more properties in order to identify relationships and better define properties
Grandfather clock ,[object Object],[object Object]
hypothesizing – PP. 40-41 ,[object Object],	: a suggested explanation for a phenomenon (which is observable) 	: a reasoned proposal suggesting a possible correlation between multiple phenomena  	: a statement about a possible answer to a question that might be found through investigating ,[object Object]
Can be modified as inquiry progresses,[object Object]
Experiment (Trials) ,[object Object]
Multiple trials => averaged ,[object Object]
Graphing (pp.36-38)	: Pictorial representation of data => See some patterns or relationships  ,[object Object],	: Show changes in variables over time 	: Continuous variables (e.g. time, temperature) ,[object Object],	: Show differences in data 	: Numerical data related to categories - Discrete variables (e.g. the # of legs of an animal)
Data collection and interpretation ,[object Object],	: the number of times a number even occurs in a large set  	: a graphical display of tabulated frequencies, shown as bars 	: shows what portion of cases fall into each of several categories
CONCLUSION ,[object Object]
Your data support (accept) / do not support (reject),[object Object]
pendulum ,[object Object]
Law of inertia: A body in motion will continue in motion, unless acted upon by a force
pendulum ,[object Object],: time for one swing of the pendulum over and back ,[object Object],: the number of back and forth swings in a certain length of time
Investigations M & M
Investigation with m & m From: Inquiry in Action (3rd ed.) by American Chemical Society ,[object Object],Pour room-temperature water into a white plastic or foam plate so that it covers the bottom of the entire plate. Once the water has settled, place 1 M&M in the center of the plate. Be careful to keep the water and M&M as still as possible. Observe for about 1 minute. ,[object Object],	: Interaction between the molecules of the solvent (the liquid doing the dissolving) and the molecules of the solute (the substance being dissolved)
Investigation with m & m ,[object Object]
Color of the M & M’s
The number of M & M’s
The temperature of water

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Chapter 2 scientific investigations

  • 1. Chapter 2: SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGAIONS
  • 2. WILL IT FLOAT OR SINK?
  • 3. 1. descriptive Investigation : gather observational and measurement data to answer questions about the properties and actions of objects, organisms, events, and systems 2. Classificatory Investigation : organize collected information by sorting and grouping it according to one or more properties in order to identify relationships and better define properties
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. Law of inertia: A body in motion will continue in motion, unless acted upon by a force
  • 15.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. Color of the M & M’s
  • 20. The number of M & M’s
  • 22. Type of liquid & the concentration of the solution in which the M & M’s are placed
  • 23. Questions you could investigate
  • 24. Do some M & M colors dissolve in water faster than others?
  • 25. What would the colors look like if we place two or more M & M’s in a plate of water?
  • 26. Does the temperature of the water affect how fast the colored coating dissolves from an M & M?
  • 27.
  • 28. What happened? & Why? Sugar (sucrose) also has oxygens and hydrogens bonded to each other. This gives sucrose many areas of positive and negative charge.
  • 29. What happened? & Why? Water and sucrose are attracted to one another based on the attractions of opposite charges. When the attraction that water molecules have for sucrose overcomes the attraction sucrose molecules have for each other, the sucrose dissolves. The polar nature of water is what makes water so good at dissolving many substances.
  • 30. HOW SMALL? The drawings and models of water molecules that you see or build are millions of times larger than the actual size of real water molecules. To get an idea of how small they are, consider this: Let’s say you had about a tablespoon of water and wanted to count all the water molecules in that amount of water. Assume you were a very fast counter and could count 1 million water molecules every second. Even at your very fast counting speed, it would take you over 190 million centuries to count all the water molecules in that small amount of water. WOW!