1. IN
Indian name: IN
Burmese name: IN
Scientific Name
Dipterocarpus tuberculatus
Family Name
Dipterocarpaceae
Common Names
Chhoeu khloung ou, Choeu khlong, Dau, Dau son, Dawnding, Dom chhoeu khlong,
Dzau long, Eng, Enig, Gurjan, Gurjun, In, Kahur, Kanklaw-taro, Keunong, Khlong,
Khlong craham, Khuang, Klong, Koung, Kruang, Kuang, Kung, Mai teen, Mai tong, Mai
tun, May cung, Pluang, Shinglim, Shweta gurjun, Sooahn, Tueng, Ung, Yang, Yang
phluang
Regions of Distribution
Oceania and S.E. Asia
Countries of Distribution
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
General properties
Tree
 A large tree with a straight bole, 80-120 ft in height and 5-10 ft in girth
 Growen in association with Ingyin Thitya
Color of wood
 The timber is similar in appearance with Kanyin to which it is closely related.
Reddish brown turning darker on exposure.
Grain appearance
 fairly straight, even and course texture
Heartwood Color
Brown
Black
Yellow
Orange
Green/grey
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2. Reddish brown
Pale red to pink
Dark brown
Brown
Sapwood Color
Yellow
Green/Grey
Pink
Different than heartwood
Grain
Even
Straight
Interlocked
Straight
Interlocked
Texure
Medium
Even or uniform
Uniform
Medium coarse to coarse
Luster
High
Medium
Natural Growth Defects
Latex or other ducts
Natural Durability
Durable
Resistant to termites
Non-resistant to marine borers
Moderately durable
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3. Susceptible to attack from
powder post (Lyctid &
Bostrychid) beetles
Susceptible to attack from
termites (Isoptera)
Pinworms (ambrosia beetles)
are commonly present
Non durable
Kiln Schedules
Dry at a slow speed
UK=D US=T3D2/T3C1
Drying Defects
Distortion
Checking
Moderate twist/warp
Moderate surface checking
Moderate end spitting
Ease of Drying
Thick Stock Requires Care
Fairly Easy
Little degrade
Tree Identification
Bole/stem form is straight
Tree Size
Tree height is 30-40 m
Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm
Comments
General finishing qualities are rated as good
General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory
Blunting Effect
Moderate
Blunting effect on machining is
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4. moderate
Boring
Fair to good results
Fairly easy to very easy
Carving
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Cutting Resistance
Easy to saw
Cutting Resistance with dry
wood is moderate
Gluing
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Moderate gluing properties
Mortising
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Moulding
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Movement in Service
Fair to Good Stability - Medium
Movement
Nailing
Very Good to Excellent Results
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
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5. Easy to nail
Holds nails well
Planing
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Fair to Good Results
Resistance to Impregnation
Resistant sapwood
Resistant heartwood
Heartwood is moderately
resistant
Sapwood is moderately
resistant
Response to Hand Tools
Moderate working qualities
Difficult to machine
Routing & Recessing
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Screwing
Very Good to Excellent Results
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Screwing yields good results
Easy to screw
Turning
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Steam Bending
Fair to Good Results
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6. Moderate
Polishing
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Good results
Staining
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Finish is generally satisfactory
Strength Properties
Density (dry weight) = 53-60
lbs/cu. ft
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Max. crushing strength = high
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly
large
Shrinkage, Radial = large
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Shearing strength (parallel to
grain) = medium
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness)
= medium
Density (dry weight) = 46-52
lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) =
medium
Shrinkage, Tangential =
moderate
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Density (dry weight) = 38-45
lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Numerical Data
Item Green Dry Unit
Bending Strength 10732 16695 psi
Density 50 lbs/ft3
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7. Maximum Crushing Strength 6899 9945 psi
Shearing Strength 2205 psi
Stiffness 1665 1923 1000 psi
Weight 49 40 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %
Item Green Dry Metric
Bending Strength 754 1173 kg/cm2
Density 801 kg/m3
Maximum Crushing Strength 485 699 kg/cm2
Shearing Strength 155 kg/cm2
Stiffness 117 135 1000 kg/cm2
Weight 785 641 kg/m3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Commercial properties
Seasoning
 A semi refrectory timber. Season slowly with a slight tendency to warping,
splitting and checking. Slow klin seasoning before kilning is recommonded
Strength
 In wood is hard and possesses high strength properties. It is stronger than
Kanyin (Dipterocarpus Spp.)
Working compatibility
 Easy to saw and work, takes a fairly smooth finish. Moderate dulling effect on
cutting edges. Good in nailing and screwing properties. Commercial plywood
is made of In and Kanyin. It produces a second grade plywood and for
decorative grades it forms the core.
Polishing
 General finidhing quality are good. Polishing fairly well.
Wood durability
 Classed as moderately resistant to decay, but not resistant to termites. Under
cover it is durable but not so in exposed position.
Preservation
 Treated with oil and creosote last for eight years under tropical condition. The
timber lends itself to preservative treatment, but complete penetration is not
always obtained.
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8. Uses
 Uses as an excellent internal timber, especially as beams, posts, rafters,
scantling, partition boards, Decks and flooring.
 Used as railway sleepers after treatment.
 Uses to Agricultural implements, Furniture Boat building: framing, Bridge
construction and Cabinetmaking.
 Heavy construction, Light construction, Mine timbers, Piling, Vehicle parts.
 Peeling, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Sporting Goods, Veneer.
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