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3D Printing Filaments
- 2. About Mēkā Retail Support Project s
- 4. Outline • What is 3D printing? • 3D printing technologies • What makes good quality filaments? • Different types of 3D Printing Filaments • Simplify3DTM demonstration
- 5. What is 3D Printing?
- 10. Filaments for 3D Printing
- 11. What makes high quality filaments? • Diameter tolerance • Roundness • Spool diameter Hat tip: http://www.bootsindustries.com
- 12. How do I check?
- 13. PolyLactic Acid (PLA) • Glossy appearance • Biodegradable • Relatively rigid • No emission • Little warping/shrinkage • Useful for • Decorative items • Form and fit testing
- 14. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) • Matte appearance • More flexible than PLA • Prone to warping • May emit Ultra Fine Particles • Variety of post-processing options • Useful for • Professional/industrial applications • Toys/memorabilia
- 15. PET+ • Strong and Flexible • Hydrophobic • Easy adhesion to Blue Painters Tape • Flame Resistant • Useful for • Professional/industrial applications
- 16. Laywood • Recycled wood pulp (40%) mixed with polymer • No warp/shrinkage at all • 190˚C- Light colored • 230˚C- Dark colored • Can be processed same as wood
- 17. Laybrick • Sandstone-like filament • Brittle • No warp/shrinkage • 190˚C- Rough surfaces • 210˚C- Smooth surfaces • Can be sanded and colored • Ideal for large projects
- 18. NinjaFlex • Flexible filament • High elasticity • Sticks well to acrylic/glass • Sticks too well to kapton tape • Used for • Mobile phone casings • Wearables • Floatables?
- 19. Carbon Fibre PLA • Prints same as PLA • More rigid than PLA • May result in uneven finishes • Useful for • Performance parts • Prosthetics
- 20. Nylon – Taulman “Bridge” • High tensile strength • Transparent • Adjustable flexibility • Very little shrinkage/warp • Adheres well to platform with PVA glue • Useful for • Industrial strength parts • Mechanical parts
- 21. T-Glase • FDA- approved • No shrinkage/warp • Bridging capabilities • 100% reclaimable • Food containers • Jewelry
- 22. High Impact PolyStyrene • Dual extruder 3D printer necessary • Dissolves in Limonene • Similar to ABS Used mainly as support material
- 23. Polycarbonate ABS • Stiffer than ABS • Strong yet lightweight parts • Moisture sensitive • Prone to warping/shrinkage
- 24. • Properties similar to ABS • High resistance filament • Useful for • Conductive devices • Solder-less circuits • Electromagnetic shields • Project Ara Conductive ABS Filaments
- 25. Other filaments? • Temperature Sensitive Filaments • Bendlay • High Temperature PLA • Polyurethane • Carbon Nanotube-infused Filaments • Graphene-infused Filaments • Igus 3D printing materials • Aluminium-infused filaments
Editor's Notes
- Who has experience with 3D printing? Can you share some experiences? What printer do you have. And how you like it so far. Get a sense of what people are there for and what they want to learn. Start with Like us on facebook!!!
- Share about myself and about Mēkā. 3D Printing Materials Store sells all kinds of filaments, 3d printers and resins for DLP printers. We also are the only authorised reseller of Simplify3D in this region. Speak about BuiltinSG
- A collection of technologies also termed additive manufacturing. It allows the production of products via the translation of instructions from a Computer-Aided Design Model. With 3D printing, the models can be very complex without having to compensate for the cost of tooling. Increase in costs will be added into the cost of Designing and modeling.
- Significant features and properties of the materials. Examples of uses
- Both Diameter of the filament and roundness of the filament have consequences on the flow rate of the extruded plastic. 3D prints made with inconsistent filaments may appear to have wobbly walls. Filaments that are too thin may lead to extrusion failure due to insufficient pressure to push the filaments through. – This may also cause back flow which can cause the nozzles to clog Filaments that are too thick, may be unable to feed into the hot-end and cause the extruder to stall. Typically, when looking at filament tolerance, the gold standard across the industry is < 0.05 mm. But typically most desktop printers will be able to cope with up a difference of 0.1mm
- Only buy filament where a tolerance is advertised (0.05 mm and lower seems to be the gold standard). Only buy filament that features excellent roundness (usually this comes with excellent tolerance as well). If the spool used has a very small inner diameter, beware of material usability issues. Only buy filament that is properly packaged to protect its properties. Make sure that the person selling the filament has experience with 3D printing. Some people are only re-sellers and don’t know or test their product. Take the time to ask the sellers questions and do not settle for vague or incomplete answers. Try to ask questions like where the PLA and ABS
- Most commonly used filaments. Variety of colors + glossy look – more decorative or household applications. PLA- biodegradable, no heated bed necessary, filament cooling fan may be necessary Relatively rigid – will snap under added pressure. Decorative items, early prototypes for form, fit and feel testing. Glossy appearance.
- Most commonly used filaments. Both – Variety of colors, ABS- heated bed needed, warping is a problem, smell may cause headaches. More flexible than PLA Can be finished/smoothed with Acetone. More matte in appearance. More heat resistant than PLA Useful for engineers and professional/industrial applications. Or toys/memorabilia that need a smooth appearance.
- A composite of polyethylene terephthalate and other plastics – mix is proprietary. Flexible Strength 100% Recyclable FDA Approved for contact with foods Easy Adhesion (No heated bed required. Sticks to blue painters tape) Hydrophobic: Doesn't absorb water like nylon does High qualify spooling and extrusion. Consistent diameter and no bubbles More flame resistant than PLA and ABS
- Filament mixed with wood pulp and an adhesive agent. No need for heated bed. Sticks relatively easily to blue painters tape. Able to control the color of the extruded material by varying temperatures. Also able to create a “tree-ring” pattern at certain temperatures. Can be sawn, sanded and painted, SAME AS WOOD!
- A sandstone-like filament. – only available as grayish white. Co-polyester with natural minerals such as limestone. No Warping- can be printed without heated bed. Can be adjusted to print smooth or rough surfaces. 190 for smooth surfaces, 210 for rough surface Can be sanded and can be colored. Brittle filament. Ideal for large architectural projects, jumbo sized projects.
- Flexible filament. Softer than PLA/ABS – modifications to extruder mechanism will be required. No heated bed, sticks well to kapton tape. Temperamental with Blue painters tape. Handphone casings, flexible wristbands, prototypes of watches. Ninjaflex adheres well between layers that in some cases, it is considered water-tight.
- Stiff material, resists bending. Has a glossy appearance Weights lesser than conventional PLA. Low warpage- easy to print with Uses - Drone and RC parts. Printable Prosthetics
- Adherence to platform with Elmers Glue All White PVA. Certified measure of strength: With this combination of advancements, taulman3D proceeded with a limited test run. From this initial test run, we printed test samples to be sent out to the St Louis test labs. A fully accredited testing facility supporting the central US. The lab reported a Tensile Stress PSI of 4,800 for Bridge when 3D printed. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=33jbHlmKf_U Designed to Bridge the gap between high performance Nylon and attractively priced commonly available filaments Transparent – Non-destructive evaluation
- FDA approved for direct food contact/containers. Very little shrinkage/Very little warping. For high precision parts. Intended for use printing industrial strength parts. May also be useful for jewelry. Transparent at single layers Examples include prototype parts for printers, food containers. Water bottle parts.
- Usually used only as support material. – dual extruder printers are needed. Needs a heated print bed Dissolvable in Limonene – your print may maintain the pungent smell of oranges
- about 70 of the parts that make up the rover were built digitally, directly from computer designs, in the heated chamber of a production-grade Stratasys 3D Printer. The process, called Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) Technology or additive manufacturing, creates complex shapes durable enough for Martian terrain. - See more at: http://www.stratasys.com/resources/case-studies/aerospace/nasa-mars-rover#sthash.RxFAPb7x.dpuf Polycarbonate ABS Impact resistant Strong and heat resistance of Polycarbonate and flexibility of ABS. - Stiffer than conventional ABS Proto-Pasta Polycarbonate-ABS (PC-ABS) Alloy is an incredibly tough material designed for strong, resilient parts. When printed, PC-ABS is bright glossy white. Proto-Pasta PC-ABS Alloy can print well. It is very moisture sensitive and even if stored bagged with desiccant, drying in an oven for ~ 1hr at 85C-95C may be required for bubble free high strength prints. Layer adhesion can be an issue if the part is large or the temperature is too low. A heated bed may help warpage and layer adhesion on larger/thicker parts. NASA MARS Rover has parts made with PC-ABS.
- Useful for printing of electronic circuits. Conductive potentiometer It can be used for anti-static, static dissipative and conduction of electric current and screening of electromagnetic interference (shielding). Needs a heated bed. High resistance filament. Most recently found use in Project ARA, Google’s efforts to make our smartphones modular. touch screen accessories (like stylus) are made by electric conductive materials http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TaeihVHN1Wo Material Conductive ABS Color Black Filament diameter 1.7+/-0.10mm Roundness 1.7+/-0.10mm Resistance 10,000 Ohms/cm Print temperature 200 - 230c
- http://www.onlinetmd.com/igus-printable-bearing-material-filament-3d-printers-51714.aspx Bendlay BendLay is a very tough material, but it is also bendable and resilient. Clear like Polycarbonate Thermal stable as PLA (65 – 70°C) BendLay is a modified ABS, and can be used in food-packaging and medical devices The water absorption is only 30% of the ABS No stress whitening by bending High interlayer adhesion High Temperature PLA Prints exactly like standard PLA but can withstand a higher temperature after extrusion and annealing. It may be necessary to soaked in hot water (60-80˚C) or left in an oven for 3-5 minutes after printing to realize the full potential for high heat resistance. Can be used to print parts for 3D printers – May be the safer replacement for ABS/PLA. In an oven at 120˚C. Front- High temperature PLA (annealed) – penny still suspended. Middle- Standard PLA Back- High temperature PLA(non-annealed)
- A collection of technologies also termed additive manufacturing. It allows the production of products via the translation of instructions from a Computer-Aided Design Model. With 3D printing, the models can be very complex without having to compensate for the cost of tooling. Increase in costs will be added into the cost of Designing and modeling.