The document outlines the roles and experiences of loyalists before, during, and after the American Revolution, highlighting key figures such as Joseph Galloway and Thomas Hutchinson. Loyalists opposed separation from Britain and faced significant persecution, including violence and property confiscation, leading many to leave the country. Post-war, some loyalists were ostracized but eventually regained roles in society, with legal resentments easing over time.

1. Who were some important loyalists
and what were the roles of the
loyalists before, during, and after
the American Revolution?
By Alena Kantor, Benjamin Goldstein,
Jimmy Bromley, and Julia Schlaepfer

2. Loyalists
Who Were the Loyalists?

3. Prior to the Revolution
• Strongly opposed to
separating from Britain
• Not limited to one
demographic of people
• Held similar beliefs to the
patriots
• Concern about the extent of
the rebellion
• Believed that independence
would take away some of their
natural rights

4. Joseph Galloway
• Attended the First
Continental Congress
• Refused to serve in the
Second Continental Congress
• Plan of Union (1774)
• Joined William Howe’s British
Army
• Believed that separation from
Britain was unjustified.

5. Who Were the Loyalists?
• Older generation
• Morally opposed to resistance
• Undecided colonists forced to choose
• Business connections with Britain
• Afraid of a new government (anarchy)
• Not confident in the ability of the colonists to
defeat Britain

6. Military Operations
• Many ideological Loyalists did not
join the British military operations
• Not well organized, without good
leadership
• Passive forms of resistance
• British army overestimated
Loyalist support
• Populations of Loyalists in the
colonies

7. Anger Towards Loyalists
• Southern Colonies had more
crimes against Loyalists
• Publicly humiliated, property
confiscated, or physically
attacked
• Scared some Loyalists away
from taking up arms against
the Patriots

8. Black Loyalists
• British army offered freedom to servants and
slaves who joined British and Loyalists,
demoralizing to the Patriots cause
• 12,000 blacks served the British army
• Patriots proposed the same thing to their servants
and slaves
• Many did not keep this promise following the war

9. Thomas Hutchinson
One important Loyalist was Thomas Hutchinson

11. Loyalists Post War
• How Were They Treated?
– Ostracized in society
– Laws passed against them
– Some left behind their families
– Property was taken by the government
– Acts of violence against the loyalists
– Some were able to re-enter society effortlessly
– About 380,000 gave in and chose to join the new
country

12. Loyalists Post War
• Where Did They Go?
– About 100,000
loyalists left the
country
– Some of them later
returned and were
generally welcomed
back into society

13. Loyalists Post Constitution
• Bitterness began to
die down
• Many were able to
regain prominent
roles in society
• After the War of 1812,
all the laws against
the loyalists were
rescinded

14. Website Bibliography
• "Galloway, Joseph." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica
Online School Edition.Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2011.
Web. 25 Oct. 2011.http://school.eb.com/eb/article-9035921
• "Joseph Galloway." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Detroit: Gale,
1998. Gale U.S. History In Context. Web. 25 Oct. 2011.
• "Loyalist Treatment: Were the Loyalists Persecuted by the Patriots During
the Revolutionary War?" History in Dispute. Ed. Keith Krawczynski. Vol. 12:
The American Revolution, 1763-1789. Detroit: St. James Press, 2003. 188-
195. Gale U.S. History In Context. Web. 25 Oct. 2011.
• "Cheny Clow's Rebellion." State of Delaware. N.p., 30 Dec. 2009. Web. 22
Oct.2011. <http://archives.delaware.gov/markers/kc/KC-97.shtml>.
• "Hutchinson, Thomas (1711-1780)." Encyclopedia of World Biography.
Detroit: Gale, 1998. Gale U.S. History In Context. Web. 25 Oct. 2011.
• John, Wilson. "Thomas Hutchinson." Mass.Gov. Mass.Gob, July 2011. Web.
23 Oct. 2011.<http://www.mass.gov/?pageID=mg2terminal>.
• "Loyalists in the American Revolution." History Wiz. Amazon.com, 2008.
Web. 20 Oct. 2011. <http://www.historywiz.com/loyalists.htm>.

15. Picture Bibliography
• http://www.hmdb.org/Photos1/142/Photo142477.jpg
• http://khacha21668.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/.pond/54jpg.jpg.w560h350.
jpg
• http://profile.ak.fbcdn.net/hprofile-ak-snc4/161740_100001965727020_4480565_n.jpg
• http://spiritof76dar.org/_borders/spirit%20of%2076.jpg
• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Benedict_Arnold_oath_of_allegian
ce.jpg/250px-Benedict_Arnold_oath_of_allegiance.jpg
• http://www.revolutionarywar.n2genealogy.com/_images/revolutionary-war.jpg
• http://www.acclaimimages.com/_gallery/_free_images/0478-0611-1413-
4811_interior_of_the_old_jersey_prison_ship_in_the_revolutionary_war_s.jpg
• http://www.madashecc.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/constitution.jpg
• http://minerdescent.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/loyalist-landing-in-parrtown.jpg
• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/ThomasHutchinson.jpeg
• http://www.sawtbeirut.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/britain-flag.jpg
• http://flagspot.net/images/u/us.gif
• http://books.google.com/books?id=fwh3AAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1
• http:api.ning.comfilesW6vvjvnuzI1lGPRUyXTyQ6O0JAtIgVvOyHZQQYuSkMmXOsiLGkKEoQeq5NvUm
8QMe34eTGUuGwkvItOzI3aYoQ98iuSy-At/JosephGalloway.jpg
• http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-xeXg86QKIHc/TWJAMp-
N1UI/AAAAAAAABRE/KuhisKC0RDE/s1600/harry+washington+BrunswickLoyalists.gif
• http://www.royalprovincial.com/graphics/MilitaryLoyalists.jpg
• http:upload.wikimedia.orgwikipediacommons4/4fPhilip_Dawe_(attributed),_The_Bostonians_Payi
ng_the_Exciseman,_or_Tarring_and_Feathering_(1774)_-_02.jpg