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The Use of Farmer Field School to Drive Agroforestry
Innovation Adoption.
THE JAMAICAN EXPERIENCE
Ja REEACH CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE SYMPOSIUM | JUNE 16, 2014 | JAMAICA
About Farmer Field School
(FFS)
โ€ข An extension training methodology that
focuses on learning through facilitation.
โ€ข Conducted in the field where discovery
and experiential learning are promoted
around a specific focus problem
โ€ข Farmer centered
โ€ข Training is guided by a competent
facilitator
Facilitation
Discovery
Learning
Adult
education
Group
dynamics
Context: About The Focus
Problem
โ€ข Much of the land occupied by small farmers is located on
steep slopes (in upper watershed areas)
โ€ข Inappropriate farming practices.
โ€ข Farmers sometimes advance further upland and clearing
forested.
โ€ข Farmers in degraded watershed are more vulnerable to
the impacts of climate variability.
Integrating Agroforestry Innovations
โ€ข Agroforestry was selected by the Ja REEACH Project as
the land use alternative of choice to reduce
vulnerability and improve both the livelihoods and the
adaptive capacity of rural families to climate change
โ€ข To achieve this Ja REEACH designed the Agroforestry
Farmer Field School (AFFS) and Agroforestry as a
Business (AfaaB) training programs that transferred
agroforestry technologies based on local assessments
Case Study - Implementing the Agroforestry Farmer Field School
(AFFS) ith Jamaican small-farmers
Process of AFFS Implementation
Curriculum
Development
โ€ข Jamaica specific agroforestry curriculum based on
stakeholder consultation and diagnosis and design
Training
โ€ข Training of Trainers followed by in-field delivery of
Technical Modules
Practical
Application
โ€ข Farmers Practise and implement agroforestry and land
husbandry innovations on the learning or DEMO plots
Best Practice
Diffusion
โ€ข Members of the field schools apply the innovations on
their farms.
List of Innovations implemented (linked to GCC
challenge)
Climate Driven Challenge Agroforestry Innovations & Climate-smart BMP Climate Change Benefit
Drought โ€ข Rainwater harvesting
โ€ข Fire Boundary / Breaks
โ€ข Mulching
โ€ข Fodder Bank
โ€ข Integration of drought tolerant crops
โ€ข Adaptation
More intense rainfall
(flooding/ soil loss)
โ€ข Individual Basins
โ€ข Gully Plugs
โ€ข Contour farming (using barriers)
โ€ข Riparian Strips
โ€ข Spot filling
โ€ข Adaptation
Temperature & Increased
Pest and Disease
โ€ข Integrated Pest Management
โ€ข Shade house
โ€ข Adaptation
Stronger and more
frequent high wind events
โ€ข Wind break
โ€ข Pruning
โ€ข Line Planting
โ€ข Adaptation &
Mitigation
Practicing Innovations
Highlighting Innovations
Fodder Bank
Pennisetum
purpureum
Gliricidia
sepium
Apiculture as agroforestry
Apiculture as agroforestry
Figure 1. AFFS members with seedlings in hand as they move to planting
Taungya
Pineapple Barrier Planted on Contour
Management of citrus greening
Program Results
โ€ข 14 AFFS were established across seven parishes that
reached over 700 farmers including youth and women:
โ€ข 12% were in the 18-25 age group (42% of those are female)
โ€ข 35% of all AFFS participants were female
โ€ข Over 74 hectares of watershed areas applying agroforestry
innovations as per D&D and farm plan were improved.
โ€ข Over 45,000 seedlings for economic tree crops were planted
including, cocoa, coffee, ackee, citrus, breadfruit and exotic
fruits
โ€ข Pre and post training assessment determined that farmers
demonstrated a 33% increased in knowledge.
โ€ข GIS data collected from farmersโ€™ plot showed that all
participants implemented one or more innovations. Most
popular being spot planting.
Lessons Learned
โ€ข The AFFS is an effective training approach to stimulate group
learning and adoption around a focus problem and group dynamic
โ€ข The strength and effectiveness of a FFS group depends greatly on
the existing;
๏‚ง Organization structure,
๏‚ง Human resource skills available
๏‚ง leadership
๏‚ง Management of resources and conflict.
๏‚ง Competency of the facilitator
โ€ข Effective implementation of AFF requires institutional and value
chain partner support. (Pluralistic extension)
โ€ข Participants showed more interest in plants that provide services
to the ecosystem and also generate timely economic returns.
โ€ข Land tenure influenced agroforestry and land husbandry decision
Thank You
AFFS CURRICULUM
Module 1: Welcome to AFFS
Module 2: Climate-Smart Agroforestry
Module 3: Agroforestry Ecosystem Analysis for Agroforestry
Module 4: Agroforestry Farm Planning
Module 5: Tree Nursery Management
Module 6: Land Husbandry
Module 7: Windbreaks
Module 8: Tropical Home Gardens
Module 9: Fodder Banks
Module 10: Shade Management
Module 11: Planting & Protecting of Seedlings
Module 12: Life After AFFS
INFORMATION SHARING

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The Use of Farmer Field School to Drive Agroforestry Innovation Adoption: The Jamaican Experience

  • 1. The Use of Farmer Field School to Drive Agroforestry Innovation Adoption. THE JAMAICAN EXPERIENCE Ja REEACH CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE SYMPOSIUM | JUNE 16, 2014 | JAMAICA
  • 2. About Farmer Field School (FFS) โ€ข An extension training methodology that focuses on learning through facilitation. โ€ข Conducted in the field where discovery and experiential learning are promoted around a specific focus problem โ€ข Farmer centered โ€ข Training is guided by a competent facilitator Facilitation Discovery Learning Adult education Group dynamics
  • 3. Context: About The Focus Problem โ€ข Much of the land occupied by small farmers is located on steep slopes (in upper watershed areas) โ€ข Inappropriate farming practices. โ€ข Farmers sometimes advance further upland and clearing forested. โ€ข Farmers in degraded watershed are more vulnerable to the impacts of climate variability.
  • 4. Integrating Agroforestry Innovations โ€ข Agroforestry was selected by the Ja REEACH Project as the land use alternative of choice to reduce vulnerability and improve both the livelihoods and the adaptive capacity of rural families to climate change โ€ข To achieve this Ja REEACH designed the Agroforestry Farmer Field School (AFFS) and Agroforestry as a Business (AfaaB) training programs that transferred agroforestry technologies based on local assessments
  • 5. Case Study - Implementing the Agroforestry Farmer Field School (AFFS) ith Jamaican small-farmers
  • 6. Process of AFFS Implementation Curriculum Development โ€ข Jamaica specific agroforestry curriculum based on stakeholder consultation and diagnosis and design Training โ€ข Training of Trainers followed by in-field delivery of Technical Modules Practical Application โ€ข Farmers Practise and implement agroforestry and land husbandry innovations on the learning or DEMO plots Best Practice Diffusion โ€ข Members of the field schools apply the innovations on their farms.
  • 7. List of Innovations implemented (linked to GCC challenge) Climate Driven Challenge Agroforestry Innovations & Climate-smart BMP Climate Change Benefit Drought โ€ข Rainwater harvesting โ€ข Fire Boundary / Breaks โ€ข Mulching โ€ข Fodder Bank โ€ข Integration of drought tolerant crops โ€ข Adaptation More intense rainfall (flooding/ soil loss) โ€ข Individual Basins โ€ข Gully Plugs โ€ข Contour farming (using barriers) โ€ข Riparian Strips โ€ข Spot filling โ€ข Adaptation Temperature & Increased Pest and Disease โ€ข Integrated Pest Management โ€ข Shade house โ€ข Adaptation Stronger and more frequent high wind events โ€ข Wind break โ€ข Pruning โ€ข Line Planting โ€ข Adaptation & Mitigation
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  • 17. Figure 1. AFFS members with seedlings in hand as they move to planting
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  • 27. Program Results โ€ข 14 AFFS were established across seven parishes that reached over 700 farmers including youth and women: โ€ข 12% were in the 18-25 age group (42% of those are female) โ€ข 35% of all AFFS participants were female โ€ข Over 74 hectares of watershed areas applying agroforestry innovations as per D&D and farm plan were improved. โ€ข Over 45,000 seedlings for economic tree crops were planted including, cocoa, coffee, ackee, citrus, breadfruit and exotic fruits โ€ข Pre and post training assessment determined that farmers demonstrated a 33% increased in knowledge. โ€ข GIS data collected from farmersโ€™ plot showed that all participants implemented one or more innovations. Most popular being spot planting.
  • 28. Lessons Learned โ€ข The AFFS is an effective training approach to stimulate group learning and adoption around a focus problem and group dynamic โ€ข The strength and effectiveness of a FFS group depends greatly on the existing; ๏‚ง Organization structure, ๏‚ง Human resource skills available ๏‚ง leadership ๏‚ง Management of resources and conflict. ๏‚ง Competency of the facilitator โ€ข Effective implementation of AFF requires institutional and value chain partner support. (Pluralistic extension) โ€ข Participants showed more interest in plants that provide services to the ecosystem and also generate timely economic returns. โ€ข Land tenure influenced agroforestry and land husbandry decision
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  • 32. AFFS CURRICULUM Module 1: Welcome to AFFS Module 2: Climate-Smart Agroforestry Module 3: Agroforestry Ecosystem Analysis for Agroforestry Module 4: Agroforestry Farm Planning Module 5: Tree Nursery Management Module 6: Land Husbandry Module 7: Windbreaks Module 8: Tropical Home Gardens Module 9: Fodder Banks Module 10: Shade Management Module 11: Planting & Protecting of Seedlings Module 12: Life After AFFS

Editor's Notes

  1. The most widely adopted adaptation strategies by rural families to cope with global changes in tropical regions (climate, economic globalization, urbanization, communications, etc.) a sound alternative for both an adaptation and a mitigation strategy to climate change
  2. The training program was organized in two phases. Phase one involves extensive grounding in the Farmer Field School (FFS) extension methodology. This includes fundamentals of the FFS adult learning philosophy and methodology The AFFS is characterized by the delivery of technical modules that are used to establish training demonstration plots. Phase two involves the delivery of technical modules by the trained facilitators to farmer groups. Reference agroforestry strategy on point # 1