Double Parking System Design

Higher College Of Technology

Mechanical June 4
Double Parking
System

By
2012 Double Parking System for:
Khalid Alhosani Mechanical Engineering Design
Mubarak Alsuwaidi MECH N450
Dr. Yw Chan
Tariq Aljanahi
Waleed Alyafaie ggc@windowslive.com
Sager Almasabi

Mechanical Double Parking System 2012
`

1 Contents
2 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................. 5
3 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 5
4 Project management design ................................................................................................................. 6
4.1 Business Model ............................................................................................................................. 6
4.2 Operation Model........................................................................................................................... 6
4.3 Scope of statement ....................................................................................................................... 7
4.4 Project Objective:.......................................................................................................................... 7
4.5 Deliverables................................................................................................................................... 7
4.6 Milestones..................................................................................................................................... 7
4.7 Technical requirements ................................................................................................................ 7
4.8 Limits and exclusions .................................................................................................................... 8
4.9 Customer review ........................................................................................................................... 8
4.10 Priority Matrix ............................................................................................................................... 9
4.11 Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 9
4.12 Time-constrain ............................................................................................................................ 10
4.13 Scope-enhance ............................................................................................................................ 10
4.14 Cost-accept ................................................................................................................................. 10
4.15 Stakeholders register .................................................................................................................. 11
4.16 Work breakdown structure......................................................................................................... 12
4.17 WBS Dictionary ........................................................................................................................... 13
4.18 Time Estimation Technique ........................................................................................................ 16
4.19 Resource requirements............................................................................................................... 19
4.19.1 People ................................................................................................................................. 19
4.19.2 Nonperson resources .......................................................................................................... 20
4.20 Communication plan ................................................................................................................... 22
4.21 Change Management .................................................................................................................. 23
2
4.21.1 Process ................................................................................................................................ 23
4.22 Risk management........................................................................................................................ 24

MECH N450 Dr. Yw Chan | HCT, Abu Dhabi

4.22.1 Getting the list of risks that can happen ............................................................................. 24
4.22.2 Assign likelihood and impact .............................................................................................. 25
4.22.3 Risk response matrix ........................................................................................................... 26
4.23 Risk Suavity matrix ...................................................................................................................... 27
4.24 Quality Management Plan .......................................................................................................... 28
4.25 Human Resource Plan ................................................................................................................. 29
5 Types automated parking system ....................................................................................................... 30
5.1 Two Step Car Parking System...................................................................................................... 30
5.2 Puzzle Car Parking System .......................................................................................................... 31
5.3 Stacker Car Parking System ......................................................................................................... 31
5.4 Multi Level Cart Parking System ................................................................................................. 32
5.5 Level Parking System................................................................................................................... 32
6 Project phases ..................................................................................................................................... 32
6.1 Block diagram.............................................................................................................................. 32
6.2 Dictionary for the project phases ............................................................................................... 33
6.2.1 Phase1: Initiating................................................................................................................. 33
6.2.2 Phase 2: Planning ................................................................................................................ 34
6.2.3 Phase 3 - Executing ............................................................................................................. 35
7 Conceptual Design .............................................................................................................................. 36
7.1 Design Requirement ................................................................................................................... 36
7.2 Different design models .............................................................................................................. 37
Frame models ..................................................................................................................................... 37
7.3 Lifting method ............................................................................................................................. 39
7.4 Operation System ....................................................................................................................... 40
7.5 Driving motor type ...................................................................................................................... 41
7.6 Morphological Chart ................................................................................................................... 42
7.7 Principle of operation ................................................................................................................. 44
8 Embodiment design ............................................................................................................................ 45
8.1 Primary sub-system..................................................................................................................... 45 3
8.2 Auxiliary components ................................................................................................................. 46
9 Calculations ......................................................................................................................................... 47


9.1 Calculating the torque required by the motor............................................................................ 47
9.2 Area calculation: ......................................................................................................................... 53
System path: ....................................................................................................................................... 55
Straight path: ...................................................................................................................................... 56
9.3 Distance Required: ...................................................................................................................... 57
9.4 Structure analysis ........................................................................................................................ 57
10 Frame selection and sizing .............................................................................................................. 58
11 Motor selection ............................................................................................................................... 59
11.1 Rubber stand ............................................................................................................................... 60
11.2 Cable and pulley sizing ................................................................................................................ 60
11.2.1 Cable sizing.......................................................................................................................... 62
11.3 Stretch or Elasticity ..................................................................................................................... 63
12 References ...................................................................................................................................... 66

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2 Abstract

Due to the increase in the number of vehicles on the road, traffic problems are bound
to exist. This is due to the fact that the current transportation infrastructure and car park facility
developed are unable to cope with the influx of vehicles on the road. To alleviate the
aforementioned problems, the smart card parking system has been developed. With the
implementation of the parking system, patrons can easily locate and secure a vacant parking
space at any car park deemed convenient to them. Here in UAE and especially inside Abudhai
city a significant growth in many life sector lead highly expansion in population as a result of
that, a raped increase in cars number that used. The thought of alternative method for car parking
is caused by that exciting parking area provided is not enough to handle that growth in cars
number.

3 Introduction

The number of cars on roads is increasing continuously and rapidly from the recent years;
unfortunately most parking spaces did not increase as the cars did ending up with endless
parking problems. As mechanical engineering students, we hope that our contribution finds
acceptance in solving this problem that is really complicated in our country.

Automated Car Parking is a method of automatically parking and retrieving cars that
typically use a system of pallets and lifts. The intention is to compact more cars in the same
space, reduce the space needed to park the same number of cars. Automated car parks can be
situated above or below ground or a combination of both.

As the system removes the need for driveways and ramps, the floor area and the volume
of the parking station itself can be more efficiently used .Automated parking systems can be
designed to fit above or below ground, allowing for flexible usage of land space; this means the
5
footprint can be reduced to one-third of the land required by conventional car parking solutions.
Cost effective on a number of fronts, Automated parking systems are about making the best use
of available space above and below ground. With less environment impact and time impact,

reduced opportunities for theft and vandalism and real cost benefits, automatic parking is the
new watchword in urban planning .There is an overwhelming need for these systems because of
increasing traffic. These systems can be integrated with in consumer based electronic devices.
The individual components are installed inside this structure for its operation.

In our project, we have given a finished project design about double parking system. We
have been asked to build this project. We don’t really know whether the project will success or
not. We have tried to build it but it wasn’t work because the platform wasn’t straight what it
moves. In this case, we have designed new double parking system that has better mechanical
movement and more safety. It also ensures smooth movement and straight platform movement.
With this system, we are sure that it will increase the capacity of parking areas inside Abu Dhabi.

4 Project management design
4.1 Business Model

Abu Dhabi has idea to increase the parking areas by making a building that has only
parking for cars. This is good idea. However, the costs of making building are very expensive. It
need a lot of time to return the budget. The ministry of transportation has significant interest on
solutions to the car parking problems. They will study the project after it finish and will decide
whether it is acceptable and useful in Abu Dhabi.

4.2 Operation Model

The double parking system is only useful in open areas. That’s because on building, it will
take more height which takes more space so it’s not very useful. The double parking system will
not be operated by the drivers. Therefore, there will be trained parking service supervisor to
operate and park the cars to ensure more safety because we can’t rely on customers.
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4.3 Scope of statement

4.4 Project Objective:

To build up a prototype of double parking system with a budget of $2000 in 15 weeks.

4.5 Deliverables

1. Main frame
2. Platform
3. Control system
4. Integration
5. Documentation

4.6 Milestones

1. Selection project design up to February 22.
2. Drawing and Calculation Feb 5
3. Build up at Apr 4
4. Testing at Apr 12
5. Report and presentation Apr 12

4.7
Technical requirements
7
1. The scale design with in 1:10.
2. The car weight should be uniformly disturbance on the plate form.


3. Parking system should be independent and run automatically.
4. Quantifiable parameters such as maximum dimension and weights.
5. Providing sketches with technical details.

4.8 Limits and exclusions

1. The model car should have height, length and width of 30 cm, 50 cm and 25 cm
respectively.
2. Maximum weight that parking system can withstand is 5 kg.
3. The model design should be made so that it can be fixed without changing existence
floor.
4. Parking system should be only in open area.
5. Upper cars should be parallel to the floor service
6. It shouldn’t make pollution
7. It must not touch the ground or change anything of it.

4.9 Customer review
Dr Yu chan and Dr Shakib

8


4.10 Priority Matrix

Time Performance Cost

Constrain

Enhance

Accept

Table 1, priority of matrix

4.11 Summary
One of the courses requires us to build a mechanical parking system. The number of the cars
is increasing in Abu Dhabi and this will make the roads busy and not so many parking areas are
available. As mechanical engineering students, we are seeking to solve this kind of problem in
our country. The main objective of this project is to redesign and build a mechanical parking
system to get rid of the problem in Abu Dhabi. The idea is about having a system that lift a car
above another car. It’s like two cars above each other. As you can see from (table 1), we will
analysis from project management prospect.

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4.12 Time-constrain

As this project is one of my courses requirements, we as a group must finish it on week 15,
otherwise we can’t success this course and we can’t graduate. We even only have two hours
weekly just to build the project. Two hours are not enough to build a serious project. Therefore,
we decided to work in our free time. The project is not real big project, it’s only prototype.
However, it needs a lot of work such as welding which will take long time.

4.13 Scope-enhance

As I said above, we will redesign the project. Our teacher gave us a completed mechanical
parking system design that has been made 3 years ago by HCT students and he told us to build
it. However, not any documents design can be built. We are not sure that this design will work.
We can only be sure when we build it and check whether it works or not. We have decided to
build a toy-type, even smaller than prototype just to check the performance. It appeared that
this project should have a lot of editing and it should be enhanced and redesigned. The given
design wasn’t successful so we redesigned completely.

4.14 Cost-accept

The frame of the project is consisting of normal materials and it doesn’t have a lot of pieces.
The only parts that will costs are the motors that will lift the car to up and move the car down
to the ground. Beside, most the materials we need are in the mechanical workshop in higher
college of technology as well as the final project will be small as a prototype not the actual one.
In short, the project itself will not cost a lot of money so it doesn’t need strong budget. 10

Therefore, we accept any amount of money.



4.15 Stakeholders register

Project Double Parking System Date: 2/6/2012
Name:
Project Execution
Phase:

Name of Designation Department Role Type of Type of Expectation Influence on
Stakeholder in Project stakeholder communication project
outcome

Dr. Yiu Chan Supervisor Mechanical Supervising External Weekly Meeting Successful Influencer
Engineering Building
Department
Mohammed Assistant Mechanical Supporter Internal Daily Meetings Good Supporter
Ameen workshop Measurement
Faisal Assistant Mechanical Supporter Internal Daily Meetings Good Welding Supporter
workshop
Khalid Team Mechanical Fabrication, Internal Daily Meetings To solve lack of Influencer
Alhosani Leader Engineering Driving gears parking inside
assemble Abu Dhabi city
Mubarak Team Mechanical Building the internal Daily Meetings Good Influencer
Alsuwaidi Member Engineering frame Designing
Tariq janahi Team Mechanical Design Internal Daily Meetings The project Influencer
Member Engineering Calculation won’t success
Sager Team Mechanical Selection and Internal Daily Meetings It will provide Influencer
Almusabi Member Engineering Sizing us good
experience
Waleed Team Mechanical Building the Internal Daily Meetings Good quality Influencer
Alyafaie Member Engineering frame project
Table 2, stakeholders register that shows all the people who are involved in the project and their information

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4.15.1 Work breakdown structure

Table 3, this shows the wbs of the project.

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Level Tasks
1 Mechanical Car Parking System
2 Select project Design details Build and Testing Report and
design fabrication presentation
3 Analyze design AutoCAD Build Frame Operation Prepare
structure drawings testing report hard
copy
4 Selecting frame Design Build platform Adjustment Power point
model calculation and correction presentation
5 Parking Driving gears Solo test
dimension selection
6 Structure Monitoring and Test with load
drawing control
7 Force analyses
8 Material
selection
Table 4, further information of the network

4.16 WBS Dictionary

1-Mechanical packing system:

The main project name and the desired product

1.1-selecting project design:

Select the main concept of the project and method to be use to operate project. By seeing the
excising car parking project, we have to select suitable method for the project.

1.1.1- Analyze design structure:
See what is required for fabricating such a project after doing calculation, also to
make plane for the Building
1.1.2- Selecting frame model:
Select the frame shape that best suit for the project, depend on size and
performance.
1.1.3- Parking dimension:
Measure the existing parking size and see the required space for commune cars
size 13
1.1.4- Structure drawing:
Make hand sketches to have an idea about project concept including the main
parts


1.1.5- Force analysis:
Use software and calculation to see must critical points where high load will be
applied during the normal operation, in order to select material
1.1.6- Material selection:
After doing analyzing and calculation material selection for the main frame parts
and movable parts strong enough to handle car weight.

1.2. Design details:
Contained the design specification such as size, drawings and calculation the force
analyses
1.2.1- AutoCAD drawing:
Include all drawing that will be used in building and analyses

1.2.2- Design Calculation:
Calculate and estimate the material, Cost and time required for desirables

1.3. Building and fabrication
Include construct and make the system main part and assemly
1.3.1- Build the frame:
Build the main frame for the project deepened selected frame shape and
drawings.
1.3.2- Build the platform:
Build the movable platform that will carry upper car

1.3.3- Driving gears selection:
Select best suit and easy way to drive the movement of the system ( using cable
or hydraulic system)
1.3.4- Fabricate and buy required part:
Buy required items from local market such as rolling bearing and pulleys and
also fabricate the not founded item using available material and facility in the
workshop.
1.3.5- Painting :
Paint the main parts of the project using yellow and black color.

1.3.6- Attached and assembly:
Box up and assembly all system parts and make the system ready to be tested.

1.4. Testing: 14
Test the performance of the system’s operation.


1.4.1- Operation Testing:
See how smooth is the operation of the system and make note on required
correction

1.4.2- Adjustments and correction:
Apply adjustment that can enhance the performance of the operation such as
changeling the position of pulley and speed of the driving motor

1.4.3- Solo test :
After finale tuning for the operation, test without load has to e done to make
sure that the operation is smooth
1.4.4- Test with load:
Load the system with demo weight that estimated in the calculation and see if
the system able to handle it .

1.5. Report and presentation:
1.5.1-1. Prepare report hard copy :
Include all the written data and analysis done while preparation for the
project, method used in selection operation concept and material
selection
1.5.1-2. Prepare P.P presentation
Prepare power point presentation that explain about all the processes
of the project

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4.17 Time Estimation Technique
The following table shows the total duration of each task individually and as millstone in days
and hours. Also it include the total duration of the project.

Tasks duration Days Total hours
1-Mechanical packing system:( total) 69 323

1.1-selecting project design: 14 48

1.1.1- Analyze design structure: 2 7

1.1.2- Selecting frame model: 2 7

1.1.3- Parking dimension: 2 7

1.1.4- Structure drawing: 3 10

1.1.5- Force analysis: 2 7

1.1.6- Material selection: 3 10

1.2. Design details: 14 49

1.2.1- AutoCAD drawing: 8 28

1.2.2- Design Calculation: 6 21

1.3. Building and fabrication 22 114

1.3.1- Build the frame: 3 10

1.3.2- Build the platform: 2 6

1.3.3- Driving gears selection: 2 6

1.3.4- Fabricate and buy required part: 6 36

1.3.5- Painting : 4 20

1.3.6- Attached and assembly: 7 42 16

1.4. Testing: 8 45


1.4.1- Operation Testing: 2 12

1.4.2- Adjustments and correction: 3 18

1.4.3- Solo test : 1 3

1.4.4- Test with load: 2 12

1.5. Report and presentation: 9 54

1.5.1-1. Prepare report hard copy : 4 24

1.5.1-2. Prepare P.P presentation 5 30

Table 5, it is the time estimate figures.

Cost Estimate

Tasks Cost ($)
1-Mechanical packing system:( total) 2000

1.1-selecting project design: 200

1.1.1- Analyze design structure: 36

1.1.2- Selecting frame model: 68

1.1.3- Parking dimension: 14

1.1.4- Structure drawing: 14

1.1.5- Force analysis: 18

1.1.6- Material selection: 50

1.2. Desing details: 200

1.2.1- AutoCAD drawing: 150

1.2.2- Design Calculation: 50
17
1.3. Building and fabrication 1000

1.3.1- Build the frame: 20



1.3.2- Build the platform: 30

1.3.3- Driving gears selection: 200

1.3.4- Fabricate and buy required part: 600

1.3.5- Painting : 100

1.3.6- Attached and assembly: 50

1.4. Testing: 300

1.4.1- Operation Testing: 50

1.4.2- Adjustments and correction: 100

1.4.3- Solo test : 100

1.4.4- Test with load: 50

1.5. Report and presentation: 300

1.5.1-1. Prepare report hard copy : 150

1.5.1-2. Prepare P.P presentation 150

Table 6, it shows the cost estimate for all the project parts.

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4.18 Resource requirements

After we have indentified the activities involved in the double parking system, we need
to determine the sequence of these activities and the possible resources that needed to
accomplish our project. There are a lot of resources such as people, material and other supplies.

4.18.1 People

WBS Activity Skills Name of Skills level Deliverable Effort Start End Cost
needed person days date date

1.2.1 Soft copy Auto Cad Sager Intermediate Project 8 Feb 2 Mar 5 $150
of drawing drawing

1.3.1 Build up Welding Waleed Intermediate Project 3 Mar 6 Mar 8 $20
the frame and Frame
mechanical
work
1.2.2 Design Design Khalid Expert Project 6 Feb Mar 1 $50
calculation experience design 23

1.3.3 Driving Experience Mubarak Expert Proper 2 Mar 9 Mar 12 $200
gears in driving driving
selection gears gears

1.3 Fabrication Project Tariq Expert Proper 6 13 Mar 20 $600
and buy experience material Mar
required and good
material fabrication
Table 7, it shows the ( people) which is an example of resource requirements.

The (table 7) goes beyond simply matching activities and skills. It also contains columns for the
names of the people who will execute an activity, their skills level, the deliverable that they are
expected to produce, the date on which they can start and finish, and their cost.

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4.18.2 Nonperson resources

4.18.2.1 Nonperson availability sheet

WBS Activity Resource needed Duration Date (s) needed
(day)

4.1 AutoCad design - Computer 8 23/2 to 5/3

- AutoCad software

4.2 Project Poster Poster software 4 11 June
Foam board

4.3 Project - Meeting room with 1 16 June
presentation computer connected
to projector

Table 8, this is an example of resource requirements which is the nonperson resources.

20



21



4.19 Communication plan

Communication Objective of Medium Frequency Audience Owner Deliverable
Type Communication
Kickoff Introduce the Face to Face Once Project Sponsor Project Agenda
Meeting project team and Manager
the project. Project Team Meeting
Review project Minutes
objectives and Stakeholders
management
approach.
Project Team Review status of Face to Face Weekly Project Team Project Agenda
Meetings the project with Manager
the team. Conference Call Meeting
Minutes
Technical Discuss and Face to Face As Needed Project Technical Technical Agenda
Design develop Staff Lead
Meetings technical design Meeting
solutions for the Minutes
project.
Monthly Report on the Face to Face Monthly Project Team Project Project Status
Project Status status of the Manager Report
Meetings project to Conference Call Project Supporters
management.
Project Status Report the status Email Monthly Project Sponsor Project Project Status
Reports of the project Manager Report
including Project Team
activities,
progress, costs Stakeholders
and issues.
Table 9, communication requirements for this project.

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4.20 Change Management
4.20.1 Process

The process of making the first design was failed. As I said before, the platform wasn’t
straight whenever it moves. Therefore, we moved to another design and modified it in better
way. After that, we found that the movement is smooth and the platform was leveled.

Expected effects after that change:

1. Increase the working times hours because we need to start again new design.
2. Buy new material for the new design.
3. Draw new AutoCad design for the new idea.
4. The budget has been increased after the change because a lot of pieces have been added to the
project.

4.20.1.1 Change request log

Owner requested change status report-open item
RC# Description Reference Date REC’D Date Submit Amount Status Comments
document
1 Triangle arm Owner Feb 15 6 Apr $200 Approved It will fix the
should be request leveling
changed
2 Dimension of Owner Feb 8 Apr 6 $50 Approved New design
parking system request require new
frame dimension
3 Salem left the Owner Mar 3 Mar 3 $200 open No
group request comment
4 Adjust torque Owner May 1 May 4 $400 Approved Enhance the
provided by request operation
driving motor
5 Change Location Owner May 6 May 7 $10 Approved Lowering
of guiding pulley request the load on
motor
6 Add tensioner Owner May 8 May 12 $80 Approved Keep Cable
request tension in
standby
mode 23
Table 10, it shows any changes during the project and its information.


4.21 Risk management
The following chart illustrates sequence use to do risk management.

1-Getting the
list

4- Risk 2-Assign
Suavity likelihood
matrix and impact

3-Risk
response
matrix

Table 11, risk management procedure.

4.21.1 Getting the list of risks that can happen
1. Time not long enough.
2. Late delivery for part.
3. Concept of project not applicable.
4. Shortage in men power.
5. Short circuit during operation.
6. Fabricated parts not fit in place.
7. System unable to handle load.
8. Defect on one of moving part while operating.

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4.21.2 Assign likelihood and impact
The score from 5 where 5 represent high and 1 is low.
Table 12(Risk assessment Form)

Risk Event Likelihood Impact Detection when
difficulty
Time not long 4 5 1 Post install
enough
Late delivery for 1 3 1 Post install
parts
Concept of project 3 2 4 operation
not applicable
Shortage in men 3 1 5 Post installing
power
Short circuit 1 1 4 operation
During operation
Fabricated parts 3 3 2 Installing
not fit in place
System unable to 3 4 1 Operation Test
handle load
Defect on one of 2 3 5 operation
moving part while
operating

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4.21.3 Risk response matrix
Risk Event Response Contingent plan Trigger Who is
Responsible
Time not long Try to extend Carry out long Delay of planed Procurement
enough working hours tasks in outside schedule group+ team
garage leader
Late delivery for Follow up the Deal with more Unable to provide Procurement
parts request of than one supplier required parts in group
purchasing order time
Concept of project Make study and Use software Still conflict exist Building group
not applicable analysis on paper program to
to see opportunity analyze the
of any concept if it operation
work
Shortage in men Try to Balance the Request assistance If available Team leader
power resource leveling from external resources unable
resources to finish task on
time
Short circuit Provide over Additional power If the fuse is operation group
During operation current circuit source burned at starting
breaker(fuse)
Fabricated parts Do small Re machine the If the parts didn’t Building group
not fit in place correction by hand parts work even after
tools hand tool
correction
System unable to Try to increase the Try to modify the Increase of the Building group+
handle load voltage of the driving gears voltage didn’t operation group
motor serve the propose
Defect on one of Provide extra Correct the cause If the problem Operation group
moving part while spare part for the of the problem happen frequently
operating project
Table 13(Risk response matrix)

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4.22 Risk Suavity matrix

Red zone (major risk)

Yellow zone (Moderate risk)

Green zone (Minor risk)
Table 14( Risk suavity Matrix)

5
4 Time not long
enough
3 Concept of Fabricated System
project not parts not fit in unable to
applicable place handle load
Likelihood

2 Defect on one
of moving
part while
operating
1 Short circuit Late delivery
During for parts +
operation Shortage in
men power
Score 1 2 3 4 5
Impact

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4.23 Quality Management Plan

Factor Description
Product Factors
Accessibility That ability of authorized users to access parking system
whenever and wherever they need access.
Correctness The extent to which parking system satisfies its
specifications and fulfils the user’s objectives.
Efficiency The extent to which parking system performs its intended
function with a minimum consumption of computing
resources.
Expandability The ease with which parking system can be modified to add
functionality. Also the ability of the system to process
increasing volumes of data without noticeable fluctuations in
performance.
Integrity The extent to which parking system safeguards against
unauthorized access to or modification of software or data.
Interoperability The ability of parking system to exchange information with
double parking system and to mutually use the information
that has been exchanged.
Maintainability The extent to which the parking system components can be
maintained over their expected useful life.
Portability The extent to which parking system can be transferred to
new operating environments, hardware platforms and
operating systems.
Presentability The extent to which the aesthetic (visual and artistic)
qualities of parking system present the desired image.
Profitability The ability of parking system to positively impact the
productivity and profitability of ministry of transportation, or
HCT, or double parking system.
Reliability The ability of parking system to perform a required function
under stated conditions for a stated period of time.
Reusability The extent to which modules of code can be used in multiple
applications.
Usability The extent to which the functional components delivered by
parking system are understandable and applicable by the
end-users.
Process Factors
Financial The extent to which parking system meets its financial
Performance targets.
Timeliness The extent to which parking system is delivered in a
timeframe which meets parking system’s requirements.
Resource The extent to which the optimal resources are assigned to
Effectiveness parking system to ensure quality, on-time delivery.
Future Business The extent to which Ministry of Transportation is likely to
Potential provide a positive reference to other potential customers
Table 15, quality management plan

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4.24 Human Resource Plan

Project Design Implementation Training Functional Department
Manager Engineers Manager Leads Managers Managers

Requirements A R R C C I
Gathering

Coding Design A R C I I
Coding Input A R C I
Software A R C I I
Testing

Network A C R I I
Preparation

Implementation A C R C C C
Conduct A R C C
Training

Table 16, human resource management

Key:
R – Responsible for completing the work.
A – Accountable for ensuring task completion/sign off.
C – Consulted before any decisions are made.
I – Informed of when an action/decision has been made.

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5 Types automated parking system
The following is a list of existing system that is mainly used in urban area.

 Two step car parking system.

 Puzzle Car Parking System.

 Stacker System.

 Multi Level Cart Parking System.

 Level Car Parking System.
Figure 1 Two step parking system

5.1 Two Step Car Parking System
Features:

1-Pallet used for CAR lifting.
2-Applicable for In-Door & Out- Door.
3-Easy to install.
4-Preferred system at residential zones& commercial too.
5-Easy to operate.
6-Low maintenance cost.
7-Operating System is available with both the options Hydraulic &
Electro-mechanical.

30


5.2 Puzzle Car Parking System Figure 2 puzzle parking system
Features:

1-Can be installed above ground & Below ground level.
2-Two layer puzzle is always preferred.
3-Preferred system especially for underground.
4-Low maintenance cost.
5-Most efficient system can be achieved through combinations
of units & functions.
6-One empty slot is the key for the working.
7-Single Set, Double set Front and back systems connected to
monolithic steel structure with multi in – outs.

5.3 Stacker Car Parking System
Features: Figure 3 Stacker parking system

1-Quick In Out by simultaneously moving and lifting the
cart while the vehicle wheel is lifted without the pallet.
2-Under ground big parking system can be installed.
3-Parking room is built using the concrete slab structure.
4-Strong and easy to maintain.
5-Lift can be installed along the entry module.

31



5.4 Multi Level Cart Parking System
Features: Figure 4 multi level parking
system
1-Can be installed Underground or out-doors
2-Approx. 60 -70 cars per lift can be accommodated
3-System types Transfer type, longitudinal type, hydraulic type, wire
rope type
4-Reduced In Out time for Car
5-Turn table parking gives more flexibility to system
6-Operating systems are main Lift, Cart, Pallet

5.5 Level Parking System
Features: Figure 5 level parking system

1-Used for large buildings and for superior space
efficiency.
2-Addition to multi level parking spaces with vertical
and horizontal directions to facilitate the entry & exits
of cars.
3-Operating systems are: lift, side sliding, pallet.

6 Project phases

6.1 Block diagram
The following Block diagram ( fig 1) illustrate phases of a project in sequence.

32


Figure 6 phases of a project

Phase 1 • Initiating

• Planning
phase 2

• Execution
phase 3

• Controling and Testing
phase 4

• Closing
phase 5

6.2 Dictionary for the project phases
6.2.1 Phase1: Initiating
 Recognize the project should be done.

 Determine what the project should accomplish .

 Define the overall project goal.

 Define general expectations of customers, management,

or other stakeholders as appropriate.

 Define the general project scope.
33
 Select initial members of the project team.


6.2.2 Phase 2: Planning
 Refining the project scope.

 Listing tasks and activities.

 Optimally Sequencing activities.

 Developing a working schedule and budget for assigning resources.

 Getting the plan approved by stakeholders.

34


6.2.3 Phase 3 - Executing
1 Leading the team.

2 Meeting with team members.

3 Communicating with stakeholders.

4 Fire-fighting to resolve problems.

5 Securing necessary resources to complete the project plan.

Phase 4 - Controlling

 Monitoring deviation from the plan.

 Taking corrective action to match actual progress with the plan.

 Receiving and evaluating project changes requested.

 Rescheduling the project as necessary.

 Adapting resource levels as necessary.

 Changing the project scope.

 Returning to the planning stage.

Phase 5 - Closing

 Acknowledging achievement and results.

 Shutting down the operations and disbanding the team.

 Learning from the project experience.

 Reviewing the project process and outcomes.

 Writing a final project report.

35



7 Conceptual Design
7.1 Design Requirement

 Create more saleable space by using Robotic Parking Systems

 Space gained can be used for green space and open areas to meet LEED
standards

 Delivers faster retrieval times than other automated garages or ramp-style
parking

 The Car parking System offers security for both individual and car

 The design of a system gives users premium valet service without the valet

 Automatic parking reduces CO2 emissions and other pollutants and greenhouse
gases

 Flexible design allows the automated parking garage to fit into any
neighborhood or project

 The Systems should relieve traffic congestion

36


7.2 Different design models
Frame models
Frame name Description picture
1. Front Over *The load supported only from
hanged System front causing high Bending
stress on the front Beam
(safety issue)
* To descend the upper platform
,the parking beneath must not
occupied .

2. 4 leg jack left *The load is uniformly
distributed
*To descend the upper platform,
the parking beneath must not
occupied.
* it is very safe method for
carrying load since the force
divided on four leg .

3. Over hanged *The load is only supported from
parallel one side causing high Bending
stress on the Side Beam
(safety issue)
*To descend the upper platform,
the parking beneath must not
occupied.

4. Puzzle Lifts *The load is uniformly
distributed on four Beams.
* The upper platform can
descend even if, the parking
beneath is occupied.
* It need 3 parking space to
made extra parking for two cars
*very complicated

Table 17, it shows different types of operations.

37



Frame name Description picture
5. Multi level Tower * It need 3 parking space to
System made extra parking for two
cars
*Although the platform is
hanged from one side, the
load on middle beam is
balanced because of opposed
car
* It need only 2 parking space
to made extra parking for 7
cars(total 9)
*very complicated
* The upper platform can
descend even if, the parking

6. Independent * The upper platform can
Access Parkers descend even if, the parking
With frame beneath is occupied.
*The load is uniformly
distributed on fixed frame
* minor stress on lifting arm

7. Independent Swing * The upper platform can
parking ,pivoted descend even if, the parking
from front beneath is occupied.
* The car are not horizontal all
the time (safety issue)
*It required excavation job
lower than flour level which
will effect existence utility line
*very complicated
8. Underground * The upper platform can
Multi level system descend even if, the parking
*It required excavation job
lower than flour level which
will effect existence utility line
* It need one parking space to
made extra parking for two
cars
38
*very complicated


7.3 Lifting method
The advantage of this method is more than one car can e
handle in the same time, Also it will reduce the load acting
on the driving motor when it use other care as counter
wait .However This method required more space

This system is simple and required only to concern about
arm movement for operation. However, Positional hazard
is there when the car move to critical angle during landing
and lifting.

It is obvious that this style is safest and simplest among
other types , the car will be kept horizontal and leveled
while the platform is operated

This method required larger area to Be available for
normal operation. Also it is unsafe method Because

39

Table 18, it shows different types of lifting methods.


7.4 Operation System
name description picture
Pneumatic and This type motor can provide
high power ,however it
hydraulic required utility system for
operation like piping, actuator,
and pump .therefore, this type
is costly .also in Hydraulic type
in case of leak it will harm the
environment.

Chain and sprocket This type of force transmission
system can handle large load
and not occupy large space
.However , it required a lot of
lubricating and greasing and
maintenance .for UAE
environment , dust will stick to
the grease and made the
shape dirty .

Cable and pulley Very simple and easily can e
attached to the system. Also it
is very cheap compare to other
method and it is clean

Table 19, operations information

40



7.5 Driving motor type
Motor type Description Picture
Air or Hydraulic Motor This type motor can provide
high power ,however it
required utility system for
operation like piping, actuator,
and pump .therefore, this type
is costly

Internal combustion engine This system is noisy and
generating a lot of heat and
CO2 emission. Also it is not
efficient.

Electric motor This type of drive have high
efficiency and can be found in
different size and load capacity.
More over it is eco friendly

Table 20, different type of driving motor types.

41


7.6 Morphological Chart
Sub function Solution
function
Frame
Lifting Method

42


Operation
system
Driving
motor

Table 21, it shows a morphological chart of function solution.

43


7.7 Principle of operation

process description illustration
Lowering the At this process the
platform motor will turn
clock wise side
making the blue
cable to be lose
and the pulling
force will be
applied on the
brown cable
Lifting the At this process the
platform motor will turn
antilock wise side
making the brown
cable to be lose
and the pulling
force will be
applied on the blue
cable
Table 22, it shows the principle of operations.

Step # Description picture
1 At resting position the platform will set of the
main from. High load is required by the motor

2 After starting the motor, the arm will start to
swing causing the platform to e lifted from the
initially position. The angle of the arm will be
less than 900. The load on the motor will
reduces gradually

3 At this position, the lifting arms will be in
vertical position. The angle of the arm will be l
900the load more the movement will be ideal
because most of the weight will be supported
by the four arms.
44


4 As the movement goes on, the platform will be
lowered behind the frame. The angle of the arm
will be more than 900. The load on the motor at
this position is the least because the gravity
force will take place to lower the platform.
5 At the end the platform will reach to the flour
and the upper car can leave the parking.

Table 23, it shows the operation steps and its information

8 Embodiment design

8.1 Primary sub-system

Primary
sub-system

Frame Lifting Main mechanical
driving system

Steel Motors
structure

Cable and
pulley Cable and
Lifting arms pulley

Upper
platform

45


8.2 Auxiliary components

Rollers

Fixing bolts Auxiliary
Rollers shaft
& nuts components

bearings

46



9 Calculations
Pulley calculation

With a single pulley, the pulley must be able to move so that mechanical advantage can be increased. Furthermore, the
pulley is turned upside-down.

The pulley to the left is suspended and as a consequence the
mechanical advantage is increased. This happens because the
rope on the left and right of the pulley are both lifting the
LOAD, they each lift half its weight. The load is split into 2.
The calculation is shown below.

9.1 Calculating the torque
required by the motor

47



Figure 7, shows side view calculation of the torque that connected to the
platform.

Ideal
pulley

Weight of
car
Motor
pulley

Figure 8 shows deferent force applied on cable

48



The weight of the car we assume it is 5 Kg = 50 N

First of all, we need to calculate (fx) at 5 different angels.

This done by formula: tan Ɵ =

First case

We have Ɵ = 10, y = 50 N since we suppose the weight of the car is 5 kg multiply by 10.

1) tan Ɵ = , tan 10o = , x= , which gives : x = 283 N

Second case:

We have Ɵ = 30o and y = 50 N

2) tan Ɵ = , tan 30o = , x= , which gives : x = 86.6 N

Third case:



Fourth case:


4) tan Ɵ = , tan 60o = , x= , which gives : x = 28.9 N

49
Fifth case:





Now, we have to calculate the hypotenuse f(H).

This done by

formula: cos Ɵ =

Figure 9, it shows the forces distribution

First case:

We have Ɵ = 10o, x = 283 N

1) cos Ɵ = , cos 10o = , H= , which gives : H = 388.9 N

Second case:

We have Ɵ = 30o, x = 86.6 N

2) cos Ɵ = , cos 30o = , H= , which gives : H = 99.997 N

50


Third case:

We have Ɵ = 45o, x = 50 N

3) cos Ɵ = , cos 45o = , H= , which gives: H = 50 N

Fourth case:

We have Ɵ = 60o, x = 28.9 N

4) cos Ɵ = , cos 60o = , H= , which gives: H = 57.8 N

Fifth case:

We have Ɵ = 90o, x = 0 N

5) cos Ɵ = , cos 90o = , H= , which gives: H = 0 N

Now, we need to calculate f(y) for all five cases. ( (x) is the case number and f(y) is the force act on the
motor pulley).

This is done by this formula: f(y) =
First case:

We have H1 = 388.9 N

f(y1) = , Which gives f(y1) =194.45 N

Second case:

We have H2= 86.6 N, 51

f(y2) = , Which gives f(y2) = 43.3 N



Third case:

We have H3= 50 N

f(y3) = , Which gives f(y3) = 25 N

Fourth case:

We have H4= 57.8 N

f(y4) = , Which gives f(y4) = 28.9 N

Fifth case:

We have H5 = 0

f(y5) = , Which gives f(y1) = 0 N

Finally, we can to calculate the torque required by the motor.

We have the diameter of the pulley which is 0.022 m. We also have the formula :

T = F(y) . D

T1= F(y1) . D = 194.45 X 0.022 = 4.278 N.m

T2= F(y2) . D = 43.3 X 0.022 = 0.953 N.m

T3= F(y3) . D = 25 X 0.022 = 0.55 N.m

52
T4= F(y4) . D = 28.9 X 0.022 = 0.64 N.m

T5= F(y5) . D = 0 X 0.022 = 0 N.m


Angel (Ɵ) F(x) F(H) F(y) Torque
( force act on
motor pulley)
100 283 N 388.9 N 194.45 4.278
30o 86.6 N 99.997 N 43.3 0.953
45o 50 N 50 25 0.55
60o 28.9 N 57.8 28.9 0.64
90o 0N 0N 0N 0N
Table 24, it shows the forces information to determine the required torque from the motor.

9.2 Area calculation:

Figure 10

53
 Yellow arm

A3 = r2 (multiply by 2 because we have two arms)


A = A1 + A2 + A3= ((23.5 x 2 x 2)/100)x 7850 + 9(16.5 x 2 x 2)/1000x7850 + 0.025

= 1.29 m2

 Red arm

A = A1 + A2 =( (52 x 4)/100)x7850 +( (2.5 x 4)/100)x7850

= 1.71 m2 (multiply by 2 because we have two arms)

 Platform

A = length X width

=( 52 x 30 x 2)/100)x 7850) = 24.5 m2

 Frame

A = Length x width

= (50 x 30 x 2)/100)x 7850) = 23.6 m2

For calculating the mass, we used the electric balance where we weighed the arms, platform,
motor, and the plat form individually then added it up to form the whole mass.

Note: (yellow arm means the rear arms and the red arms means the front arms with semi-
circular).
Mass Area Quantity
Kg m2
Yellow arm 0.38 1.29 2
Red arm 0.39 1.71 2
Platform 0.41 24.5 1
Motor 1.4 - 1
Frame 4.27 23.6 1
Prototype 6.85
Table 25, it shows the aread and the mass of parts of the frame

54


System path:

The sliding path of our project is divided into two paths:

 Bow path
 Straight line path

Bow path:

the main aim is to produce an bow with an angle of 60 °, and this can be made by dividing a a
circle into four parts, and then choose a a quarter, then divide the quarter into to angles, one is of
30° and the other is of 60°.

60 °

30

Figure 11, angle view

55


Straight path:

The bow path determined the path direction toward the ground, where the angle (60 °)
determined the inclination of track which will decrease the speed of the platform when
descending. This process was chosen from the safety aspect because with gravity, the falling
motion will increase.

60 ° Falling motion

Figure 12, it shows the angle in the frame view

56



9.3 Distance Required:

50 cm 62 cm

Total Length: 50 + 62 = 112cm

9.4 Structure analysis

The structure of the car park system is design with certain requirements to withstand weight of
the car on a plat form, the main purpose of the car park system is to save parking spaces by
lifting one car above the other with sharing the same car park slot. So we the FEA (finite element
analysis) are introduced. The finite element method is a good choice for solving partial
differential equations over complicated domains (like cars and oil pipelines), when the domain
changes (as during a solid state reaction with a moving boundary), when the desired precision
varies over the entire domain, or when the solution lacks smoothness.

ANSYS is used because it offers a comprehensive range of engineering simulation solution sets
providing access to virtually any field of engineering simulation that a design process requires,
and by this it will assess the design from a set of calculations regarding the movement, and
materials.
57


The following diagram will show the type of material used in the frame and some specifications
that were proven to be helpful.

1018 Mild Steel

Alloy 1018 is the most commonly available of the cold-rolled steels. It is generally available in
round rod, square bar, and rectangle bar. It has a good combination of all of the typical traits of
steel - strength, some ductility, and comparative ease of machining. Chemically, it is very similar
to A36 Hot Rolled steel, but the cold rolling process creates a better surface finish and better
properties.

Our conditions are to have a safety factor of 3 and a high tensile strength of 440 MPA, so the
platform will carry three times the weight of the car.

10 Frame selection and sizing

We selected mild steel for our frame because it is has a low price while can be used in many
58
applications. This kind of steel contains 0.18%, therefore it’s neither brittle nor ductile. It is
cheap and malleable. The surface hardness can be increased by carburizing(is a heat treatment


process in which iron or steel absorbs carbon liberated when the metal is heated in the presence
of a carbon bearing material).

Its often used when large amount of steel are needed, for example as structural steel. The density
of mild steel is 7,861.093 Kg/m3 , the tensile strength is a maximum of 500 Mpa and the young’s
modulus is 210,000 MPA.

Car dimensions Standard frame dimensions
Height 40 cm Height 30 cm
Length 50 cm Length 52 cm
Width 28 cm Width 30 cm

Note: these dimensions are selected without considering the frame thickness.

11 Motor selection

In our design, we have one motor for the movement process, such as it is responsible for the
upward and downward movement by pulleys and cables. Where the tension in the cable must be
kept constant to ensure stability of the car on the platform.

Winch system motor selection

Force = total mass x gravity acceleration

= 6.85 x 9.81

=67.2 N

Force safety reasons force selected = 70 N

= 4.278 (calculated)

59
Power Torque (T) = Torque (N.m) x angular speed (rad/s)

= 4.278



11.1 Rubber stand

To prevent scratch and direct contact with the ground we installed rubber stands under the platform as
displayed in the following figure.

Rubber stands

Figure 13, rubber stands prospect

The diameter for the circular rubber base or stand is d= 8cm and the thickness is 1cm. this
product is easy to find if ordered from small shops that manufacture rubber.

11.2 Cable and pulley sizing

Our winch system is using a polyethylene fishing line as connecting rope for the weight lift up
during ascending and descending process. This cable is passing through many pulleys in which
the main purpose of them is to change and re dispute the force direction and also guiding the
cable that is connecting the winch drum and upper platform.
60



The previous figure shows that the car system has three pulleys. The cable is connected to the
motor winch assembly and extends along the pulleys. The motor will move the line in a clock
wise and counter clock wise motion, the clock wise motion will move the platform downward
where the counter clock wise direction wise direction will move the platform upward.

As you can see from figure 11, we extracted our design from
the mideavil castle gate and developed it to do more
applications such as carrying object, the same principle apply
in our project but with more accessories and modifications like
the motor, different material selections.

Figure 14, castle gate

61


11.2.1 Cable sizing

Basically the cable sizing was determined on the safety factor which was chosen to be
three, and because we designed a frame that can withstand 50kg, it was appropriate to choose a
cable that can carry up to 150 kg, so due to such requirements we chose the HARUNA
SEAMASTER HARD LEADER, This leader material has been developed, through its special
hardening, for the roughest fishing in deep sea, ledges, coral and mussel reefs. It sticks stiffly out
from the main line and holds the hook in the correct position. With such a high breaking strain
(180 kg at just 1.60 mm diameter), even a Halibut of 150 kg would not be a problem. Haruna
Seamaster Hard Leader is even successfully used in professional fishing and valued for its
transparency.

62


11.3 Stretch or Elasticity

Most braided lines have very low stretch of between 1% and 8% allowing unique and
direct control and contact to your bait. Just for predator fishing with modern methods, such as
drop shot fishing, a well braided line is without doubt the best line to use. An important issue to
consider however that is a low-stretch-line means a much higher load on the unit, because each
strike goes directly through the rod and reel. It means that with braided lines it is particularly
important to correctly set the reel brake. Our tip: Because of its low stretch, a braided fishing line
is not always the appropriate choice for every angling method. Every ordinary fishing reel now
has a spare spool, so we recommend filling one spool with a braid and the other one with a
monofilament, so that you are perfectly prepared for every situation.

Attributes:
• Ideal also for professional sea fishing

Diameter Ø mm 0.60 0.75 0.90 1.05 1.20 1.45 1.6
Kg 30 42 60 80 100 150 180

63

Figure 15, side view of the project

Double Parking System Design

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