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The Birth of Quantum Theory
So.... is light a wave?
Anomaly: “A violation of the paradigm-induced expectations that govern normal science” -
Thomas Kuhn
Inifinite energy?
From the Udemy online course: https://www.udemy.com/quantum-physics/?couponCode=SLIDESHCOUPON
Temperature – Wavelength – Intensity
T λ I
The “black-body“ radiation
Cavity walls good but not perfect reflectors 
absorption after homogeneous light ray distribution.
Cavity in stationary conditions: in thermodynamic equilibrium 
physical parameters (e.g. the temperature) do not change in time.
 Energy density in the cavity depends only from
temperature and wavelength of the EM cavity radiation:
u≡ u(T, 𝜆).
I ≡ I(T, 𝜆)?
Standing waves in a box
n= „mode numbers“
n=1 n=2
n=3 n=4
n=5 n=6
John William Strutt, Baron Rayleigh
(1842 – 1919)
Sir James Jeans
(1877 – 1946)
Rayleigh-Jeans law  Ultraviolet catastrophen=1
n=2
n=3
n=4
n=5
n=6
...
n=∞ !?!
...
!?! n=∞..
John William Strutt, Baron Rayleigh
(1842 – 1919)
Sir James Jeans
(1877 – 1946)
Rayleigh-Jeans law  Ultraviolet catastrophe

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The Blackbody radiation before Planck

  • 1. The Birth of Quantum Theory So.... is light a wave? Anomaly: “A violation of the paradigm-induced expectations that govern normal science” - Thomas Kuhn Inifinite energy? From the Udemy online course: https://www.udemy.com/quantum-physics/?couponCode=SLIDESHCOUPON
  • 2. Temperature – Wavelength – Intensity T λ I
  • 3. The “black-body“ radiation Cavity walls good but not perfect reflectors  absorption after homogeneous light ray distribution. Cavity in stationary conditions: in thermodynamic equilibrium  physical parameters (e.g. the temperature) do not change in time.  Energy density in the cavity depends only from temperature and wavelength of the EM cavity radiation: u≡ u(T, 𝜆). I ≡ I(T, 𝜆)?
  • 4. Standing waves in a box n= „mode numbers“ n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6
  • 5. John William Strutt, Baron Rayleigh (1842 – 1919) Sir James Jeans (1877 – 1946) Rayleigh-Jeans law  Ultraviolet catastrophen=1 n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6 ... n=∞ !?!
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. ... !?! n=∞.. John William Strutt, Baron Rayleigh (1842 – 1919) Sir James Jeans (1877 – 1946) Rayleigh-Jeans law  Ultraviolet catastrophe