#1240 Light and Solar Energy Student workbook Copyright by Genius Toy Taiwan Co., Ltd.

1. Creative Ability
can be Learned
(v1.0)
Gigo Learning Lab’s complete series includes 20 individual packages, as well as five
school sets. The special features of Gigo’s Learning Lab are as follows:
1. Using GIGO’s “building block” construction-based curriculum, every class has
a ready-to-assemble model, and includes time designed to promote individual
creativity.
2. Promotes thinking outside-the-box of the traditional educational framework by
learning innovation through play!
3. We are all innately good at something, so we should take into account both individual
development and the ability to work as part of a team effort.
4. Course levels are designed from elementary to difficult, combining a life sciences-
based curriculum with applications from daily life.
5. Experiment using Gigo’s “building blocks”, which can be used over and over again,
saving both time and effort.
6. Comes with Gigo’s newly developed 3D Smart Manual, which makes learning how to
intelligently assemble each model easier than ever before.
7. Learning Lab’s Cloud Platform allows systematic recording of learning progress.
We hope that kids can enthusiastically learn scientific knowledge through fun hands-
on experience, developing their problem-solving abilities, as well as a positive attitude
towards science. Our mission is to help children apply their newfound knowledge to
daily life, furthering their innovational skills and abilities.
For any questions or inquires. please email to LL@mail.gigo.com.tw
01
Index
07. Solar Path
08. The Sun’s Composition
10. Monograph (2)
11. The Sun and its Position
Appendix: Learning Lab Packages
20. Monograph (4)
19. Climate Change
18. Hybrid Energy
17. Solar Vehicle
16. Solar Park
15. Monograph (3)
14. The Pros and Cons of Solar Power
13. Photosynthesis
12. Intermittent Energy
09. Solar Storage
04. Applications of Solar Power
05. Monograph (1)
06. Solar Spectrum
03. Photoelectric Effect
02. Transforming Light into Heat
01. Energy Transformation
Parts List
Index
Education Philosophy 01 39
03 45
09 53
17 59
23 67
31 75
02 41
05 49
13 57
21 63
27 71
35 77
02

2. 03
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
Long Frame (Blue)
Long Frame (Gray)
Short Frame
Dual Frame
Square Frame
Dual Rod(Yellow)
Dual Rod(Gray)
11-hole Rod
11-hole Prolate Rod
5-hole Rod
5-hole Dual Rod-II
5-hole Dual Rod-III
3-hole Rod
3-hole Dual Rod
Bended Rod
Motor Axle
Cross Axle 3CM
Cross Axle 6CM
Cross Axle 7CM
Cross Axle 10CM
Cross Axle 15CM
Rack 15CM
Cord 200CM
Battery Charger (AA Cell)
Battery Holder (AA Cell)
Wire (Red)
Wire (Black)
Reverse Generator
Solar Panel
20T Gear
40T Gear
60T Gear
10T Sprocket
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
30T Sprocket
Snail Cam
80T Gear
S Pulley
M Pulley
L Pulley
Racing Tire
Light Collection Plate
M Ring
L Ring
L Rubber Band
Washer
Cross Axle Fixer
Two-in-one Converter
Hinge
Cross Axle Connector
Worm Gear
Roller
Hook
90-degree Converter-I
90-degree Converter-R
Drive Chain
Axle
Loose Axle
Pin
L Connecting Peg
S Connecting Peg
S Button Fixer
Crank
Base Grid Connector
Base Grid
Spanner
04
Parts L i st
65
x1
1 2
x3 x8
3
x4
5
x6
8
7
x7
x6
x3
1310 11 12
x5
14
x2
x2
15
x2
54
x1
47
x2
x2
x4 x2x5x1 x1
48
x6
49
17
x2
18
x2 x5
19
20
x2
21
30
x7
31
x4
32
x3
33
x1
46
38
x1 x1 x2 x1
39 40 41
56
x6
57
x8
58 59
x27 x4
60
23 24 25
26 27 28 29
x1 x1 x2
x1 x2 x1 x2
6261 64
x2
63
x2x1x2
4
x1
6
x2
x6 x1
9
x2
16
x2
22
x3
36 37
x1 x2
34
x1
35
x1
55
x42
42 43 44
x1
45 50 51 52 53
x1 x2 x1 x2

3. S e s s i o n 01 Brainstorming
W hat if we di dn’t have any
elec tr ic it y ? How would this
impact our daily lives?
I am electricity. My home is at a power company. I like to help my owner do things,
but be careful, you can not get too close to me. If you directly touch me, you will at
the very least get a tingling in your head. In a more serious situation, I can stop your
heartbeat. I’m not trying to play a practical joke on people, this is just how I am.
If you want to call on me to serve you, then you have to work some magic and
transform my energy. If you want to turn on a fan in the summertime, then you have
to transform my electrical energy into kinetic energy. If you want to turn on the heat
to warm you up in the winter time, then you need to transform me into heat energy.
If you want to listen to your favorite tunes on your headphones or stereo speakers,
then you have to turn me into sonic energy! Have you ever seen a satellite picture of
the Earth during the night time? The beautiful pictures of glistening cities across the
Earth’s surface is thanks to me changing into luminescent (light) energy!
I am the best friend of modern life; you cannot live without me.
Did you know that you need to abide by safety
regulations when using electricity? Other
than kinetic, heat, sonic, and luminescent,
can you list any other kind of energy that we
c an transform
electrical energy
into?
Parts List
The Magic of
Electricity
Energy Transformation
Smartphones and tablets are becoming increasingly
ubiquitous, with people becoming more and more dependent
upon them for managing their daily lives. But what happens when their
batteries die and there’s no nearby plug to be found? This is when having a
portable charger comes in handy. Generally, a portable charger has three parts: a
rechargeable battery, a circuit board, and a protective casing. Since the purpose of a portable
charger is to be frequently charged and then discharged (to charge your dead phone),
it’s stability is heavily impacted by the design of the circuit board and the quality of the
rechargeable battery.
5
8
7
10
12
14
49
21
33
59
25
26
27
28
29
64
16
34
5545
x1
x1 x1
x2 x2
x1
x2
x1
x1
x42
x1 x5
x1 x1
x1 x1 x1 x1
x2
x2
01
03
02
04
Daily
Application
0605

4. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
How does the 11-hole Rod’s movement
change when you switch the batteries from
a series circuit to a parallel circuit?
How can we make the 11-hole Rod turn
faster?
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
0807
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

5. S e s s i o n 02 Brainstorming
During the Siege of Syracuse, famous
Greek inventor Archimedes, set enemy
ships on fire using a series of reflecting
mirrors to channel the sun’s solar
energy. What others applications can
this kind of energy be used for?
The sun provides both light and heat. It is a
very convenient source of energy. Wherever there is
sunlight, you can tap into its solar energy. Solar water heaters
are pieces of equipment that channel the heat from the sun, in order
to heat up water. This is one kind of renewable energy. There are two kinds of solar
water heating equipment: active and passive. Passive water heaters generally are
designed with a water tank and an inclined solar panel. Active water heaters also
include a motor that can keep water circulating, as well as a temperature-control
function.
Helen is a sweet girl. She often saw a little boy in her neighborhood sitting alone
on the front porch of his house. Because of his poor eyesight, he always stayed at
home. Helen tried to come up with a way to help connect him with the outside world.
One hot afternoon, Helen noticed that the sun was shining brightly, and so she came
up with a great idea: there was a way to teach the boy something new, even without
the benefit of having good eyesight! Helen decided to take the little boy outside to
show him how solar thermal energy works.
Under the sunlight, Helen told the boy stick his hand out with his palm facing up.
Then she took an ice cube out from the basket and placed it in his hand. Even though
it was really bright outside, the little boy was unable to see very well. Nonetheless, he
could feel the ice quickly melting into a puddle of water in his palm! This sensations
allowed the little boy to pick up on what the
significance of solar thermal energy was. Outside
for the first time in ages, the boy graciously
thanked Helen for her willingness to teach him.
From what you have
learned about solar
thermal energy, can
you think of some
other applications
for it?
Parts List
Solar Thermal
Collector
Transforming Light into Heat
3
7
14
59
49
17
19
30
41 62
64
50
x2
x2
x1 x1
x2 x1
x1
x2 x2
x1 x1
x1
01
03
02
04
Daily
Application
1009

6. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Observe the difference in images formed
b e t w e e n c o nvex a n d c o n c ave L i g h t
Collection Plate.
Use the Light Collection Plate to reflect
heat onto some chocolate and make it
melt.
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
1211
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

7. S e s s i o n 03 Brainstorming
What applications in our daily lives
generate power from luminous
energy?
B7-3A
Phototubes are an application of the photoelectric effect,
which uses metal illuminated under a light in order to produce
electricity. Photomultiplier tubes further increase the sensitivity of
the photocathodes inside, making them far more sensitive to light than
conventional phototubes. This allows them to detect weak optical signals.
Photomultiplier tubes possessing high sensitivity and low levels of noise
are used to measure light and are widely available.
Aliens, who had come from a distant planet and were visiting Earth, felt
that the Industrial Revolution had led to excessive development, and had
accelerated the consumption of Earth’s resources. Concerned, they decided
to pass on one of their advanced pieces of technology to one of the smartest
people on Earth, Albert Einstein. He revealed the “Photoelectric effect” theory,
winning himself a Nobel Prize in Physics.
One hundred years later, aliens visited Earth again. In addition to surveying the
resource situation on Earth, the aliens also had the mission of understanding
the progress human beings had made with solar power. In order to do so, they
assigned one alien to visit a lab. He quickly found a phototube that had been
made with the very technology they had passed on to humans years ago.
Later on, he found a solar panel. The alien
was surprised to see that humans already
understood the theory behind the photovoltaic
effect. Upon further investigation, he noticed
that the solar panels’ photoelectric conversion
ability wasn’t very efficient. It appeared to him
that, even though humans were pretty clever,
they were still years away from developing
a mastery of photovoltaic energy that would
equal his own. Satisfied that humans wouldn’t
be a rival anytime soon, the alien safely
returned back into space.
Parts List
Solar
Elevator
Photoelectric Effect
5
8
7
10
12
59
25
26
27
28
29
45
x6
x6
x5
x1
x2
x3
x1
x1
x2 x1
x2 x1 x3
x2
x2
x1
x2
x2
x2
x26
x1
x1 x3
x1
x2
x3
2 3
13
15
19
20
30
31 46
56
23
16
37
50
01
03
02
04
13 14
Daily
Application

8. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Try this out! How can we make the elevator
go down?
D esign a handle switc h that c an
be used to control the upward and
downward movement of the elevator.
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
1615
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

9. S e s s i o n 04 Brainstorming
If you were an engineer, what
equipment would you like to see
being switched over to solar
power?
I am an artificial satellite. My contributions to society have been huge. I
take care of everything, from GPS navigation, weather forecasting, and
communications, to helping scientists conduct scientific research. Even
though I am still a symbol of advanced technology, some humans are planning
to phase me out.
Actually, it turns out that it’s not too expensive to build me; It’s the cost of
launching a rocket to put me into out space that makes my price tag sky-
high! In the future, the plan is to develop a series of unmanned, solar-powered
vehicles. The idea is to cover the wings of the aircraft with thousands of solar
cells, which will collect energy from sunlight to power the engine of the plane.
Excess energy will be stored in the aircraft’s battery, which will turn on to
keep the aircraft flying at nighttime, when there is no sunlight available. Titan
Aerospace has already released plans for two such
aircraft: the Solara 50 and the Solara 60. With
the costs of producing solar energy being minimal
compared to the cost of launching a rocket into
space, the hope is that, so long as maintenance
costs don’t prove to be too expensive, solar-
powered aircraft could one day make orbiting
satellites obsolete.
Did you know that
artificial satellites also
need to use solar
batteries?
Parts List
Applications of Solar Power
Tightrope
Walking
In order to escape Earth’s gravity, artificial
satellites need rockets to help carry them into space. Once
reaching a certain height, the satellite will break free from the rocket.
After separating, the satellite then uses its own fuel to place itself into its
proper orbit. The main components of a satellite include the body, the solar array,
a GPS antenna, a fuel tank, and a variety of sensors and camera.
5
10
12
5925
26
27
28
29
x2
x2
x6
x2
x2 x1
x1
x1
x1 x3
x1 x1
x1
x9
x1
x1 x2
13
18
30
16
33
64
34
55
x1
x40
x1
x2
x2
1
14
19
60
22
01
03
02
04Daily
Application
17 18

10. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
What methods could we use to make the
model walk in reverse?
Try modifying the model and make it
walk faster!
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
2019
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

11. S e s s i o n
Monograph
05
1
01. The Magic of Electricity 02. Solar Thermal Collector
03. Solar Elevator 04. Tightrope Walking
Create a solar combine harvester to help the farmer gather his
grain crops.
Model
Review
21 22
1
2
3
Model
Design
Model
Creation
Winner!
Design
Concept
My Artwork
Evaluation

12. S e s s i o n 06 Brainstorming
What is the effect on humans
if we expose ourselves to too
much sunlight?
Exposure to UV light is a quick and
efficient way to get a full-body tan. You only need
to lay down on a tanning bed for a short while in order
to get that healthy skin color, hence why they are so popular.
However, tanning beds are machines that release large amounts
of UV light. You need to be very cautious when using one, as it
may cause serious damage to your skin.
Parts List
Paul likes the sun a lot. Every weekend he heads out to the beach. Always
outgoing and optimistic, Paul is popular among a lot of his classmates. One
day, their teacher told the class that Paul was going to be on an indefinite sick
leave. Concerned, Paul’s classmates decided to go visit him in the hospital.
It was only upon arriving at the hospital did Paul’s classmates discover why
he was so sick: Paul had cancer. Seeing normally bright and happy Paul
laying in a hospital bed left his classmates in shock. Paul tried to lighten the
mood by telling one of his usual jokes, but no one laughed. Undeterred, Paul
tried to make fun of himself, commenting that the reason he had skin cancer
was because he loved sun-bathing too much and that he didn’t ever put on
sunscreen. Fortunately, Paul’s cancer was discovered at an early stage, and
following the doctor’s recommendations, Paul told his classmates that he
would undergo his first chemotherapy session soon.
While talking, Paul suddenly began throwing up.
No one knew what to do. Paul and the doctor
reassured his friends that he was fine. Both
believe that, as long
as he cooperates with
doctor and keeps a
positive attitude, Paul
should be able to return
back to school soon.
Solar
Bicycle
Solar Spectrum
8
10
12
25
26
27
28
29 48
x1
x2
x1
x2
x1
x1
x1 x1 x1 x1 x3
x1
x2 x1
x1x1x1
x1 x1x1
x1
13
15
30
x1 x1
14
59
54
17
32
39
40
4
16
43
20
01
03
02
04Daily
Application
23 24

13. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Compare the speed of the bicycle under
different light sources.
Try modifying your bicycle. Afterwards,
hold a race!
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
2625
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

14. S e s s i o n 07 Brainstorming
How does the Sun’s path differ from
summer to winter time?
In order to maintain the maximum level of
energy efficiently generated by a solar panel, its angle
needs to be adjusted according the seasonal and hourly
changes of the Sun’s position. The panel has to face directly at the
Sun’s incident rays. The solar tracker is a device that keeps the Sun’s incidence
rays perpendicular to the solar panel’s surface. This helps minimize the angle of incidence
between the incoming sunlight and the photovoltaic panel. This helps to increase
the amount of energy produced from a fixed power source.
Tony used to watch the stars and the moon with his father when he was
little. Later, after he started going to school, he voluntarily joined the
astronomy club. He worked hard to learn as much as he could about
astronomy everyday after school.
One night, Tony was entranced by a meteor shower. He saw hundred of
shooting starts in the sky at around 3:00 AM. He also was a self-taught
astronomy photographer. He enjoyed taking long exposure shots of stars.
After his teacher began teaching about the sun’s movement in the sky,
Tony realized that the Sun and stars appearing to rise from the East, and
setting in the West, was nothing more than an illusion. The movement
of the Sun and the stars could actually be explained by the Earth’s own
rotation. The only difference between the Sun and the stars was that we
watched one during the daytime, and the other at night time.
Can you feel the earth rotating and
revolving? What phenomenon can
explain the earth’s rotation?
Parts List
Solar
Tracker
Solar Path
5
8
7
10
5925
26
27
28
29
x2
x2
x3
x5
x2
x3
x2 x1 x1 x3
x1x2 x3 x2 x2
x2
x12 x1
x1
x1 x2 x1
x1
x2
x3
2 3
13
18
30
31 47
49
19
32
40
60
62
64
63
01
03
02
04
Daily
Application
27 28

15. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Turn the handle and observe the model’s
motion one time with sunlight, and another
time without sunlight.
The Sun’s paths is different every day.
How can we make the model freely
adjust its angle in order to directly face
the Sun?
05
07
11
06
08
12
09 10
3029
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

16. S e s s i o n 08 Brainstorming
If humanity were to live on the
surface of the Sun, what kind
of special equipments would we
need?
If a solar flare eruption occurs, the
massive stream of charged particles it
emits can effect the Earth from millions of kilometers
away. Solar flares can affect radio signals for communication,
broadcast, and survey machinery, causing many to lose their
signal. Such occurrences are known as Solar Storms, and can
have big effects on our daily lives when they happen.
Parts List
I am the right person to ask about the difference between how the sun
appears on the Moon and on Earth. As an astronaut, I have flown to the Moon
and back. Initially, I wasn’t sure how the Sun would appear on the Moon, after
all, it is the same star that we see everyday on Earth. It wasn’t until upon
landing on the Moon’s surface that I finally realized just how different it was.
One day on the Moon is equal to about 14 days on earth. One night on the
Moon is also equal to 14 days on Earth. What explains the difference between
the the length of night and day on these two surfaces? It’s because the Moon
rotates much more slowly than the Earth. In fact, the Moon rotates only once
during a complete orbit of the Earth. That means one full day and night on the
Moon lasts for 28 Earth days!
One of the scariest things about the Moon is how big of a temperature change
can happen between daytime and nighttime. In the day, the Moon can reach
temperatures of 100 Celsius. At night, it can drop down to -200 Celsius!
Can you imagine what the Sun looks like on
the Moon? What equipment would you need
to live in this harsh environment?
Tensile
Machine
The Sun’s Composition
5
59
x1
x4
25
x2
28
x1 x1
x1
x12
26
27
x1
x1
x1
x4
2 3
29
x2
x1
30
x1
32
x2
12
x2
14
44
51
52
x1
x2
x1
18
20
23
8
x2
01
03
02
04Daily
Application
31 32

17. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Record the extension length of rubber
band.
Try and use solar tension to conduct a
game of tug-of-war!
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
3433
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

18. S e s s i o n 09 Brainstorming
What is the benefit of using a
rechargeable battery?
Solar charging stations capitalize
on the sun’s radiation, using the photons of
light from the Sun to create a flow of electrons,
exhibiting what is known as the “Photovoltaic effect.”
Since the photovoltaic effect does not produce any pollution
or carbon dioxide, it is both environmentally friendly, and a
reliable renewable energy source.
Parts List
There are two sources of electricity that come from the sky. The first kind
comes the electrical discharge that occurs during a thunderstorm. The second
kind of electricity is born out the the sunlight that passes through a solar
battery. Since ancient times, people have feared thunderstorms. In ancient
Greece and Rome, Zeus/Jupiter was the god of lightening, and was the most
powerful of all the gods. In Nordic mythology, lightening occurred when the
fearsome god of thunder, Thor, lashed out in anger.
Ever since the American scientist, Benjamin Franklin, conducted his famous
“kite” experiment, we have known that lightening is really just electricity.
However, despite our understanding of the nature of lightening, we are still
unable to accurately predict where lightening will strike, nor have we found a
way to store its tremendous power.
In contrast, the electricity generated by a solar panel is small in quantity, but
it can be easily stored. Since the electrical current vanishes so quickly, the
electricity from a solar panel is only valuable
if it can be stored. As a result, we not only
invest in solar cell technologies, but in solar
power batteries
and charging
stations as well.
Solar Charging
Station
Solar Storage
5
8
10
59
25
26
27
29
x1
x3
x1
x1
x2
x2
x8
x1
x1
x1
x4 x1
2
12
41
24
01
03
02
04Daily
Application
35 36

19. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Prepare two rechargeable batteries. Then
compare the difference in efficiency between
solar power and a manual generator.
Try to use objects from daily life to
reflect sunlight onto the Solar Panel.
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
3837
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

20. S e s s i o n
Monograph
10
2
06. Solar Bicycle
08. Tensile Machine
07. Solar Tracker
09. Solar Charging Station
Today, the world faces an energy crisis. Please design a green
energy house, where all the household electric appliances will be
powered solely by solar energy.
Model
Review
39 40
1
2
3
Model
Design
Model
Creation
Winner!
Design
Concept
My Artwork
Evaluation

21. S e s s i o n 11 Brainstorming
What is the sun’s position in the
sky at different times during the
day?
Parts List
Today, after school, Helen was walking alongside the school building as the
sun was setting. She began placing stickers to mark out the shadows on the
ground. After she had finished marking the shadow of 20 trees, she turned
around to marvel at her work; however, she noticed that the shadow of the tree
furthest away from her had gotten much longer. Confused, she ran back into
her classroom and asked her teacher why.
Helen’s teacher asked her to make a shadow by shining a lamplight onto her
hands. Her teacher then told Helen to slowly lower the lamp. Helen noticed that
shadow of her hand on the table was getting longer and longer the further she
lowered the lamplight. When her teacher moved the direction of the light, Helen
discovered that the position of the shadow had also changed.
Afterwards, Helen’s teacher shined the light
horizontally so that the shadow of her hands was
cast onto the classroom wall. Her teacher then
began moving her hands until the shadow on the
wall began to look just like a butterfly! With a slight
adjustment of her hands, the teacher quickly made
a picture of a dog!
Helen was so intrigued
that she began trying to
make shadow puppets
as well.
B7-11A
Sundial
The Sun and its Position
59x1
x6
x1
30
21
8
x1 x2
x2
x2
49
64
63
1
x3
01
03
02
04
41 42
Light always has a direction. When
the Sun’s position in the sky changes, so
does the position of the shadows cast by objects
in the sun’s light. In the past, people exploited this
phenomenon to invent a device to tell the time of day.
This device was known as a “sundial”. A sundial is a device
with a thin strip called a style, which casts a shadow in whichever
direction the sun is shining. The surface that the style’s shadow is
cast upon has different lines representing the different hours of the
day. As the sun moves across the sky, the shadow of the stylus
lines up with the corresponding “hour” of the day.
Daily
Application

22. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Based on your model, tr y to draw a
semicircular sundial and mark the time
from 6:00 to 18:00.
Alter the light’s direction and try to find
out what directions the shadow will cast
in by using the sundial. Check for 6:00,
12:00 and 18:00.
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
4443
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

23. S e s s i o n 12 Brainstorming
Why do people get up after the
sun rises, and rest once the sun
sets?
Parts List
A husky loves to accompany his little owner every time he plays the piano.
The husky often howls along with the little boy’s music. The first time the
family heard the husky begin howling loudly, they thought that it may be
because he was ill. To be safe, they took him to the doctor. After a quick
check-up the doctor assured them that the dog was healthy, he just liked
singing along to the music! Afterwards, the husky was treasured by the
family, and the little boy enjoyed having the husky accompany him as a
duet!
But not everyone liked that the husky was getting so much attention. A
rooster on a nearby farm quickly became jealous of all the praise the husky
got for his singing. So early ever morning, the rooster would perch himself
on top of the fence in front of the husky’s home, and would begin crowing as
loud as he could. “That will show him whose the best singer!”, he thought.
Unfortunately for the rooster, instead of proving he was the best, he only
managed to wake up the little boy and
husky, who would happily rush over
to the piano and began playing louder
than he could crow!
Kids, do you know why the rooster
crows every morning?
Solar
Alarm
Intermittent Energy
8
10
25
26
27
28
29
x1
x1
x1
x1
x1
x2
x1 x1 x2
x1
x2 x1
x2
x1
x1 x1
x2
x1
2 3 18
30 46
16
19
32 60
64
35
x2
63
01
03
02
04
45 46
Because there is no sunlight at night, solar energy is a type
of intermittent energy. You cannot maintain a continuous supply
of energy because of the variability of night and day, weather, and
season; therefore, in order to be effective, solar energy must be stored.
This requires some kind of control center, such as a hydromagnetic
DC convertor, so that you can store excess energy during the day,
and use it during the night when there is no light source present.
Daily
Application

24. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
R e c o r d t h e f r e q u e n c y o f t h e a l a r m
operation when the solar power is varied.
Other than using the solar alarm’s
sound, how could our alarm help wake
someone up?
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
4847
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

25. S e s s i o n 13 Brainstorming
T h e r e a r e t h r e e t h i n g s
necessary for a plant to have in
order to survive. What impact on
life would there be if there were
no sunlight?
Due to both over-exploitation of the land,
and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,
humans have heavily polluted both the soil and water of
Earth. As a result, more advanced nations are building sterile,
indoor, hydroponic facilities for cultivating plants. In order to save
energy and reduce electricity bills, they developed the facilities to integrate
innovative solar power technology as a supplement to conventional power sources
that are commonly used to supply their energy demands. Using this dual-
power exchange system, the facility is able to supply electricity for both the
indoor lighting and water circulation systems.
Walter likes to study plants. He was really excited about today’s lesson. After
introducing the concept of photosynthesis and how plants interact with their
environment, Walter’s teacher brought up several questions with the class.
Teacher: If we were to cover a flower with a cardboard box, why would the
flower die within a few days?
Walter: Because there is no sunlight in the cardboard box, the plant cannot
photosynthesize, meaning it will not be able to get the nutrients it needs to
stay alive.
Teacher: What if we punch a hold in the corner of the cardboard box? What
would happen then?
Walter: Then the plant would begin growing in
the direction of its light source. This is known
as phototropism. If you were to lay a plant down
sideways and place a light underneath it, the plant
would continue to grow sideways. This is because
of a combination of
p h o t o t r o p i s m a n d
gravitropism.
Parts List
Solar
Puppy
Photosynthesis
5
8
10
59
25
26
27
28
29
x1
x2
x1
x1
x2
x2 x1 x4
x2 x4
x2 x2
x2 x2 x6 x6x1
x1 x2x7
x2
2 13
30
31
56
47
32
x2
12
57
58
6
16
53
01
03
02
04Daily
Application
49 50

26. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
If we were to change the connecting point
of the solar puppy’s foot joint, how would
the dog walk differently?
Tr y to create other solar powered
animals.
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
5251
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

27. S e s s i o n 14 Brainstorming
What are the limitations and
disadvantages of using solar
energy?
Parts List
Even after the invention of the telescope, humanity’s ability to observe the
universe has still been limited to what they can see from the ground. That all
changed upon the arrival of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The creation
of the HBS introduced a brand new way to explore the galaxy from within
space, granting us further insight into the universe we are a part of. Just like
an artificial satellite, the HST needed a rocket to carry it into space.
Just like an artificial satellite, the HST also needs electricity for it to run. It has
two solar arrays, one on each side, which can transform the solar energy of
sunlight into useable electricity. The electricity that is generated is divided up
for the HST’s computers, control sensors and wireless connections, while
excess electricity is stored in its battery. When the telescope orbits into the
shadow of the Earth, it still can keep working by using this stored electricity.
The Hubble Space Telescope has been working in outer space for decades.
If there was neither a solar array, nor a battery to provide the necessary
electricity, there would be no way that the telescope could be in space for such
a long time, preventing it from continuing to
provide humanity with all kinds of observations
on cosmological
phenomenons.
Tug-of-war
Machine
The Pros and Cons of
Solar Power
5
8
10
59
25
26
27
28
29
x2
x4
x1
x1
x2
x1
x2 x1
x2
x4
x1
x1
x1
2 13
x1
x1
x2 x1
x3
3
46
20
57
23
6251
01
03
02
04
53 54
Contemporary portable chargers are
often plug-in chargers. This makes it very
inconvenient while traveling, as it requires additional
accessories to adapt to local voltage and socket types.
Solar-powered chargers, on the other hand, provide free energy
and avoid any unnecessary additions, making it a much more
convenient power source. As long as there is sunlight, you can
charge your smart devices.
Daily
Application

28. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Have one person activating the model using a
halogen lamp, while another person controls
the model manually. Compare and contrast
the pros and cons of both sides.
Try setting up a pulling competition
between manual and solar energy.
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
5655
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

29. S e s s i o n
Monograph
15
3
11. Sundial
13. Solar Puppy 14. Tug-of-war Machine
Sunlight is one of Earth’s most indispensable natural resources;
however, there are a lot of activities that occur at night when the sun is
not present. Please design a car that can be used when both charged
and discharged.
12. Solar Alarm
Model
Review
57 58
1
2
3
Model
Design
Model
Creation
Winner!
Design
Concept
My Artwork
Evaluation

30. S e s s i o n 16 Brainstorming
What alternative energy sources
can be used for mountainous
areas that are unreachable for
conventional electrical equipment?
Because of the very real possibility of
running out of power while far away from any
power grid, a “Plan B” is necessary for all electric
cars. In response to this concern, new electric
vehicle charging stations are coming onto the market.
These charging stations are the latest in high-tech innovation,
and are environmentally friendly. These charging stations are not like
the conventional gas stations we are familiar with. Every charging stations is
equipped with a solar array for a rooftop, and naturally, it only services electric
cars. The electricity from which these cars would be charging from
would be supplied by the free solar energy these power stations
collect. This kind of charging station design is very suitable for off-the-
grid locations, such as desert terrains and mountains.
A solar park is, itself, a power plant. Building more solar parks can help
slow down the global climate change caused by the greenhouse effect
of global fossil fuel emissions. In addition, solar parks could prove crucial
in replacing our dependency on non-renewable fossil fuels that we are
rapidly running out of. In order to prevent this situation, it is necessary to
build more solar parks in the uninhabitable parts of our planet’s deserts.
Despite the fact that deserts are both dry and devoid of life, they offer an
incredible opportunity in the form of their abundant sunlight. If we could
overcome the environmental difficulties of constructing solar parks in
deserts like the Sahara and Death Valley, they could prove to be massive
treasure troves for humanity’s energy
demands.
Do you know what is the energy source
for solar parks?
Parts List
Solar
Cable Car
Solar Park
5
8
7
10
59
25
26
27
28
29
x2
x8
x5
x1
x5
x2
x1
x2 x1 x4
x1
x1 x8
x2
x2
x27x2x1
x1 x3 x1
x6
x3
x5
2 3
13
15
30
31
5623
16
37
47 57
53
39
x5
19
x1
45
01
03
02
04
Daily
Application
59 60

31. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Draw the necessary supplies needed to be
delivered up the mountain on a piece of
paper, and then hang it on the cable car.
D e s i g n a s w i t c h t h a t a l l o w s t h e
cable car to stop when it reaches its
destination.
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
6261
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

32. S e s s i o n 17 Brainstorming
What kinds of issues do solar-
powered vehicles run into?
The World Solar Challenge is held once every two years in Australia.
During the competition, many different kinds of solar vehicles
are gathered here and put on display. Their designs are not only
environmentally-friendly, but innovative too. Great care is put into the
aesthetics and capability of the cars as well. Each car is the pride and
joy of their team. The race originates from Darwin, and ends at Adelaide,
crossing through the desert interior of the Australian continent.
The only energy source for the participating cars is solar energy. Each
team needs to travel 3,000km in just 8 days, and since the sun rises
and sets, their cars are only operable from 8:00-17:00 daily. Talk about a
challenge!
Kids, have you ever seen a solar-powered
vehicle before?
B7-17A
Parts List
Solar
Vehicle
Solar vehicles are a type of vehicle that
utilizes solar power as its primary source of
energy. Solar vehicles don’t produce any noise
or emit any pollution like internal-combustion engines
do. In order to avoid consuming the limited resources of Earth, it
combines state-of-the-art technology with the spirit of conservationism and
environmentalism, as well as providing a practical and efficient form of
transportation. Solar-powered race cars are characterized by their flat bodies,
which are designed to accommodate more solar panels. Solar cars that are
intended for general use apply a solar panel mounted to the roof of
the vehicle; however, these kind of vehicles are still in the R&D stage,
and have not officially entered the market for public consumption.
Daily
Application
Solar Vehicle
7
10
59
25
26
27
28
29
x1
x2
x1
x1 x1
x1
x1
x2 x2
x1
x1 x1 x1
x2
16
19
46
38
42
40
01
03
02
04
63 64

33. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Record the speed of the car under different
light conditions.
Let's hold a solar car race!
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
6665
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

34. S e s s i o n 18 Brainstorming
What are the pros and cons of
using either a hybrid system or
a single-source system?
From my outward appearance I look like any other car, but I’m much more
than that. My body is that of a standard vehicle, but underneath the hood, I am
a completely different machine. I’m a hybrid vehicle. At my core, I have two
hearts, an electric motor and a traditional internal-combustion engine. I run off
both gas and electricity.
It may sound very complicated, but don’t worry, the two engines inside of me
can cooperate automatically. For example, if I am on a flat road, I can run on
my electric motor, but if I suddenly start driving up a steep hill, I can switch
over to my gas-powered engine to provide the force necessary to climb up the
hill. In this way, I can work to conserve my fuel for only when it is necessary to
use it.
I have the ability to recycle energy. When I
slow down from braking, I can convert the
force of the wheels turning into energy that
can be used to recharge my electric battery.
Parts List
Hybrid
Car
5
8
7
10
59
25
26
27
28
29
x2
x3
x3
x2
x2
x1
x2
x1 x1
x2
x2
x1 x6
x2
x1
x2 x1
x2
x2
x1
13
18
46
47
40
15
17
38 45 48
x1
42
01
03
02
04
67 68
Hybrid Energy
Hybrid vehicles are able to regenerate
their batteries while using their gas-powered
engines, or through the disposal of wastes such as
exhaust. Hybrid vehicles use this system to not only increase
efficiency, but to save energy as well. The basic concept of a hybrid system
is to convert energy in the most efficient way possible. Waste heat boilers, located
inside waste incinerator plants, are another example. Waste incinerators
can help to solve some of our pollution problems, and additionally can
recycle their heat energy.
Daily
Application

35. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Record the difference in speeds between
a solar-powered car, an electric car, and a
hybrid.
Try to modify the model and create a
hybrid cement mixer.
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
7069
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

36. S e s s i o n 19 Brainstorming
What impact does global climate
change have on human beings?
I am a baby polar bear. My favorite thing in the whole world is to listen to my
Mom’s stories.
My Mom often says that when she was a kid, she had multiple options for
dinner. When my Mom was hungry, she would go to a gap in the ice, and
wait for seagulls and sea mammals. They were always fresh and delicious.
Nowadays, food is no longer as tasty, and we are always hungry.
These days, the ice is melting very quickly, so now we can only eat plants
and animals that grow on the ground. Under these conditions, I can’t ask my
mom to help me learn how to catch fish. As a result, our tradition of hunting
fish is fading away. I really want to ask my Mom what seagulls taste like.
Did you know that as a result of climate
change, animals living in the Arctic, such
as the polar bear, have struggled to survive
as their lives become more and more
harsh?
Parts List
Multi-speed
Electric Fan
Climate Change
8
7
10
59
25
26
27
28
29
x2
x4
x2
x1
x2
x3
x1
x2 x1
x5
x1
x1x2
x2 x1 x1
x2
x13
x1
x1 x7
x1
x1
x2
x2 x2
2 3
13
30
46
47
49
32 60
63
12
14
15 48
20
9 21
x2
64
01
03
02
04
71 72
When summer comes, people turn on
their air conditioners in order to combat the stifling
heat, but this makes their electricity bills sky-high every
month. Wouldn’t it be nice if we could have solar-powered air
conditioners? It would be a win-win situation, as solar power is renewable,
and cleaner than normal electricity. What’s best is we wouldn’t even have to pay to
use it! It turns out that there are currently solar hybrid air conditioning units
on the market today. The solar arrays are installed on top of the a/c units,
providing one of the sources of energy for the a/c to run off of.
Daily
Application

37. 1 2 3
Model
Assembled
Experiment
Complete
Model
Creation
Evaluation
Under sunny conditions, how can we make
the gears spin faster?
Try to modify or invent a daily product
that can slow down the speed of global
climate change.
05
09
07
11
06
10
08
12
7473
Experiment
Time
Art
Attack

38. S e s s i o n
Monograph
20
4
18. Hybrid Car
17. Solar Vehicle
19. Multi-speed Electric Fan
When astronauts go on a mission, they cannot carry along a
generator with them at all times; however, solar energy is a very
accessible resource. Try to to design a rover that can use solar
power to navigate the terrain of a new planet
16. Solar Cable Car
Model
Review
75 76
1
2
3
Model
Design
Model
Creation
Winner!
Design
Concept
My Artwork
Evaluation

39. 77 7877 78
Learning Lab- Individual Packages Learning Lab- School Packages
Target: age 2-6 (Kindergarten)
30 mins/ session;
120 sessions in total
Target: age 10+ (Jr. & Sr. High School)
50 mins/ session;
80 sessions in total
Target: age 7+ (Elementary School)
40 mins/ session;
100 sessions in total
Target: age 7+ (Elementary School)
40 mins/ session;
40 sessions in total
Target: age 7+ (Elementary School)
40 mins/ session;
100 sessions in total
#1250 Creative World Set #1251 Scientific Experiment Set-
Power Machine
#1252 Scientific Experiment Set-
Green Energy
#1253 Technology Explorer Set
#1254 Brick Contraption Set
Creative World
Technology Explorer
Brick Contraption
Scientific Experiment
30 mins/ session; 30 sessions/ package
50 mins/ session; 20 sessions/ package
40 mins/ session; 20 sessions/ package
#1230 Wonderful World1
#1249 Construction Set
#1231 Theme Park2
#1232 Little Artist3 #1233 Fun Cube4
#1248 Basic Set
#1245 Vibro & Gyro16#1244 Robot15
#1246 Programmable
Controller
17 #1247 S4A Interactive
Bricks
18
40 mins/ session; 20 sessions/ package
#1238 Gas & Pneumatics9
#1240 Light & Solar Energy11
#1242 Chemical Battery13
#1234 Force &
Simple Machine
5 #1235 Motion &
Mechanism
6
#1236 Electricity & Circuit7 #1237 Electromagnetism
& Motor
8
#1239 Wind Power10
#1241 Liquid & Hydraulics12
#1243 Optical Devices14
Creative Classroom