The intention of this application note is to look at various aspects of generator sets (gensets) utilized globally to provide medium to long term backup power, and to improve system availability and reliability. Critical locations and applications depend on generators for back-up power. Examples of such critical locations are hospitals, airports, government buildings, telecommunications facilities, data centers, and nuclear power plants. Within this paper we intend to cover the main components of gensets, general applications, different fuels utilized, size selection, environmental issues, maintenance and noise pollution. The main emphasis of this document will be towards selection of gensets for critical loads and system availability.
Nexans Euromold HV high voltage bushings are suitable for use in oil-insulated high voltage electrical equipment up to 33kV- this includes oil-insulated HV bushings for high voltage transformers, motors, switchgear and capacitors. Nexans Euromold bushings are epoxy insulated in accordance with CENELEC EN 50181. Nexans Euromold plug-in bushings 750S1, 775S1, 775T1 meet the requirements of ANSI/IEEE 386 with 800amp and 1250amp current ratings. Nexans HV bushings are suitable for 5/8" threading systems.
Nexans Euromold Oil-Insulated Epoxy HV High Voltage Bushings
6/10 (12kV)
6.35/11 (12kV)
8.7/15 (17.5kV)
12/20 (24kV)
12.7/22 (24kV)
18/33 (36kV)
The intention of this application note is to look at various aspects of generator sets (gensets) utilized globally to provide medium to long term backup power, and to improve system availability and reliability. Critical locations and applications depend on generators for back-up power. Examples of such critical locations are hospitals, airports, government buildings, telecommunications facilities, data centers, and nuclear power plants. Within this paper we intend to cover the main components of gensets, general applications, different fuels utilized, size selection, environmental issues, maintenance and noise pollution. The main emphasis of this document will be towards selection of gensets for critical loads and system availability.
Nexans Euromold HV high voltage bushings are suitable for use in oil-insulated high voltage electrical equipment up to 33kV- this includes oil-insulated HV bushings for high voltage transformers, motors, switchgear and capacitors. Nexans Euromold bushings are epoxy insulated in accordance with CENELEC EN 50181. Nexans Euromold plug-in bushings 750S1, 775S1, 775T1 meet the requirements of ANSI/IEEE 386 with 800amp and 1250amp current ratings. Nexans HV bushings are suitable for 5/8" threading systems.
Nexans Euromold Oil-Insulated Epoxy HV High Voltage Bushings
6/10 (12kV)
6.35/11 (12kV)
8.7/15 (17.5kV)
12/20 (24kV)
12.7/22 (24kV)
18/33 (36kV)
Here is first in the series of making Gujarat State the ‘Solar Rooftop Success’ in India! We talk about Gujarat’s Open Access charges here and present a ready reckoner for the rainy days.
Open Access was introduced in the Electricity Act, 2003 by Central Electricity Regulatory Commission. It is to provide “Non-Discriminatory” usage of transmission lines and distribution lines or associated facilities with such lines or system by any licensee or consumer or a person engaged in generation in accordance with the regulations specified by Appropriate Electricity Regulatory Committee. Open Access allows large users of power having connected load of 1 MW and above to buy cheaper power from the open market.
Any Open Access consumer, in lieu of usage of network/ services, shall have to pay Transmission Charges to the STU/ Transmission Licensee, Wheeling Charges to the Distribution Licensee and Operating Charges to the State Load Dispatch Centre. In addition the Open Access consumer shall have to pay to the Distribution Licensee, Additional Surcharge to meet the fixed cost of such Distribution Licensee arising out of his obligation to supply and the Cross Subsidy Surcharge which is a compensatory charge payable to the distribution licensee of the area where the electricity is delivered to the consumer. This Cross Subsidy Surcharge shall be utilized by the Distribution Licensee to meet the requirements of current level of cross subsidy within the area of supply. Also, an Open Access customer has to bear Transmission loss, if using the Transmission lines, Wheeling loss and Distribution loss, if using the Distribution lines. The losses vary as per injection and drawl voltage.
These charges and losses vary from state to state and are revised every year by the State Electricity Regulatory Committee based on petitions filed by the Transmission and Distribution Utilities of the State.
Open Access is categorized based on the period for which open access is allowed. This period may vary from state to state.
Study of Insulators- cotton insulator, Enamel, insulating oil, mica, paper insulator, Pin type insulator, Porcelain, Properties of insulators, rubber insulator, silk, Strain insulators, Suspension type Strain type Insulators, Varnish,
Here is first in the series of making Gujarat State the ‘Solar Rooftop Success’ in India! We talk about Gujarat’s Open Access charges here and present a ready reckoner for the rainy days.
Open Access was introduced in the Electricity Act, 2003 by Central Electricity Regulatory Commission. It is to provide “Non-Discriminatory” usage of transmission lines and distribution lines or associated facilities with such lines or system by any licensee or consumer or a person engaged in generation in accordance with the regulations specified by Appropriate Electricity Regulatory Committee. Open Access allows large users of power having connected load of 1 MW and above to buy cheaper power from the open market.
Any Open Access consumer, in lieu of usage of network/ services, shall have to pay Transmission Charges to the STU/ Transmission Licensee, Wheeling Charges to the Distribution Licensee and Operating Charges to the State Load Dispatch Centre. In addition the Open Access consumer shall have to pay to the Distribution Licensee, Additional Surcharge to meet the fixed cost of such Distribution Licensee arising out of his obligation to supply and the Cross Subsidy Surcharge which is a compensatory charge payable to the distribution licensee of the area where the electricity is delivered to the consumer. This Cross Subsidy Surcharge shall be utilized by the Distribution Licensee to meet the requirements of current level of cross subsidy within the area of supply. Also, an Open Access customer has to bear Transmission loss, if using the Transmission lines, Wheeling loss and Distribution loss, if using the Distribution lines. The losses vary as per injection and drawl voltage.
These charges and losses vary from state to state and are revised every year by the State Electricity Regulatory Committee based on petitions filed by the Transmission and Distribution Utilities of the State.
Open Access is categorized based on the period for which open access is allowed. This period may vary from state to state.
Study of Insulators- cotton insulator, Enamel, insulating oil, mica, paper insulator, Pin type insulator, Porcelain, Properties of insulators, rubber insulator, silk, Strain insulators, Suspension type Strain type Insulators, Varnish,
Reforming the Philippine Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA)Elvin Uy
Analysis of RA 9136, the Electric Power Industry Reform Act, for my Policy Analysis I course in Carnegie Mellon in 2010. Full paper can be viewed here: http://scr.bi/HNHTHU
The presentation highlights the role of utilities in Future with focus on Rooftop Solar, Demand Side Management, Net Metering, Automated Demand Response, Distributed Energy Resources, Microgrids, e-mobility, Advanced Energy Storage Systems.
Kathmandu | Apr-15 | Community based Rural Electrification in Nepal Status, P...Smart Villages
Smart Villages in South Asia: Kathmandu Works hop Report The Smart Villages Initiative, working with its local partner Practical Action Consulting South Asia, held a workshop in Kathmandu, Nepal on 10th April 2015. The aim of the workshop was to learn lessons from Nepal’s experience of micro/mini-hydroelectric schemes for off-grid rural communities and associated initiatives to stimulate productive enterprises which could be shared with other stakeholders in the South Asia region.
Design of a solar power System for an over populated region (Chandpur, Bangla...iosrjce
By this time, solar technology is convenient, proven and well accepted in Bangladesh. It is
environment friendly and price of solar panel is decreasing day by day. Energy generation is one of the key
factors in driving the socio-economic growth of any country. In Bangladesh, increasing demands for energy has
already exceeded the capacity from existing power plants by conventional sources of energy. Rarikandi is a place
of cultivation, for this reason population is also higher in this region. Rarikandi has no direct connection with the
town because it is surrounded by a river. But Solar energy can bring a new era for the villagers. Energy status
will be discussed in this paper with more explanation and with present and future demand. The performance of
solar system in bangladesh has also been good, as the average irradiance remains 4.99 KWh/m2/day throughout
the year and the seasonal variation of insulation is small. Chattagram is the nearest place in RETScreen software
from where climate data is taken.
Standalone Solar Power Systems are completely independent from any electric utility grid. They are
most often used in remote areas where electricity is not available or where the connection fees of the grid are
higher than the cost of an alternative energy system. Standalone solar systems (also known as autonomous, or off
grid systems) are used to collect and store solar energy to be used by household appliances. The project at last is
only accepted if the cost of overall project is suitable for financing. In this paper the cost was estimated by using
Net Present Value (NPV) method. The aim of this paper is to investigate the possibility of supplying electric
energy from solar power to the village Rarikandi, Chandpur
Kigali | Sep-15 | Off-grid Village Initiatives in KenyaSmart Villages
By S. M. Kasanga
To help collect and distil the knowledge and experience from the last 15 months of engagement in East Africa, a concluding workshop was held in Kigali, Rwanda. The workshop brought together over 40 government representatives and other key stakeholders from across the region to share information on progress and remaining challenges, and to reflect on lessons learned.
More info: http://e4sv.org/events/east-africa-workshop/
Renewable Energy Policy Mechanisms and Investment Opportunities - Mylene Capo...OECD Environment
1st Clean Energy Finance and Investment Consultation Workshop: “Unlocking finance and investment for clean energy in the Philippines” 31 May – 1 June 2022, Makati Diamond Residences, Legazpi Village, Makati City
1. The PhilippinesA N O V E R V I E W O F T H E C O U N T R Y ’ S P O W E R S Y S T E M A N D
R E N E W A B L E E N E R G Y P L A N S
R E M U N D L A B I O S
｢ 필 리 핀 의 전 력 산 업 및 신 재 생 에 너 지 계 획 개 요 ｣
2. South Korea & THE PHILIPPINES: A Comparison
인구 (2015)
Population 100,699,395명
1 인당 전력 소비량 (2011)
Electricity Consumption
per capita
646.96kWh
빈곤선 이하의 인구 (2013)
Pop. Below poverty line 25.2%
전기가없는 인구 (2013)
Pop. without electricity 21,000,000명
국내 전력 이용률 (2015)
National electrification rate 79%
14.6%
100%
0명
10,161.95kWh
50,617,045명
3. Generation Capacity and Energy Mix
AS OF JULY 2016
Grid
Installed Capacity
(MW)
Luzon 14,348
Visayas 2,965
Mindanao 2,742
TOTAL 20,055
Coal, 33.20%
Oil-Based,
18.20%
Natural Gas,
14.30%
Geothermal, 9.60%
Hydro, 18.00% Wind, 2.10%
Solar, 3.40%
Biomass, 1.20%
34.3%Renewable Energy
4. LUZON, VISAYAS, & MINDANAO
GRIDS MANAGED BY
NATIONAL GRID CORP. OF
THE PHILIPPINES
LUZON
GRID
GRID MAP SOURCE: DOE Philippine Energy Plan 2012–2030
7. INDEPENDENT POWER
PRODUCERS AND
ELECTRIC COOPERATIVES
PROVIDE ELECTRICITY TO
AREAS NOT CONNECTED
TO N.G.C.P.
AREAS connected to NGCP
AREAS not connected to NGCP
독립 전력 생산자(IPP) 및
전력 협력 업체는 NGCP에
해당하지 않은 지역에
전력을 공급합니다.
8. Renewable energy plan of the Philippines (2011–2030)
Sector
2010
Installed Capacity
(MW)
JULY 2016*
Installed Capacity
(MW)
2030
Planned Capacity
(MW)
Geothermal 1,966 1,917 3,461
Hydro 3,400 3,609 8,794
Biomass 39 233 316
Wind 33 427 2,378
Solar 1 684 1,528
Ocean (OTEC) 0 0 71
TOTAL 5,438 6,870 16,547
*Note: Excluding off-grid generators
▲497%
▲1194%
▲68300%
▲6%
▼2%
▲26%
10. NEW B.E.S.S. Projects cleared for grid impact study (2016)(Projects not YET COMMERCIALIZED)
Proponent/Application
Installed
Capacity (MW)
Location
AES Philippines Power
Partners Co. Ltd.
(FOR Freq. Regulation)
40 Laoag, Ilocos Norte
40 Bantay, Ilocos Norte
SunAsia Energy Inc.
(POSSIBLY FOR R.E. Integration)
40 Concepcion, Tarlac
40 Calaca, Batangas
40 Lumban, Laguna
15 Amlan, Negros Oriental
15 Ormoc, Leyte
15 Compostela, Cebu
EQ Energy Storage, Inc.
(POSSIBLY FOR R.E. Integration)
15 Cadiz, Negros Occidental
TOTAL: 260 MW
PROPOSED B.E.S.S.
LOCATIONS
11. Areas identified for private sector
participation (2012–2016)
AREA PROVINCE
Kalamansig Sultan Kudarat
Dinagat Dinagat Province
Ticao Masbate
Roxas Palawan
Basco Batanes
Cuyo Palawan
Polillo Quezon
Casiguran Aurora
Lubang Occidental Mindoro
El Nido Palawan
Siasi Sulu
San Vicente Palawan
Taytay Palawan
Tingloy Batangas
Rapu-Rapu Albay
Possible MICROGRID LOCATIONS?
마이크로그리드 지역이 될 수 있나?
IDENTIFIED AREAS
12. OPPORTUNITIES in the electric
supply sector of the Philippines
Compete in supply market with renewable
energy power plants
신재생에너지 발전소와 전력 시장 경쟁
Partnerships with T&D companies to develop
microgrids
마이크로 그리드 개발을 위한 지역 송배전 회사와의 파트너십
Partnerships with local r.e. developers for
e.s.s. integration
ESS 통합을 위한 지역 신재생에너지 개발자들과 파트너십
Partnerships with T&D companies to deploy
smart grid technology
스마트 그리드 기술을 적용하기 위한 지역 송배전 회사와
파트너십
Compete in ancillary services market
(Frequency Regulation)
보조 서비스 시장 경쟁 (주파수 조정)
Knowledge-sharing on financial and technical
benefits of new energy technologies
신 에너지 기술의 금융 및 기술 이익에 대한 지식 공유
14. 국내 전력 이용률
National electrification rate
도시의 전력 이용률
Urban electrification rate 94%
시골의 전력 이용률
Rural electrification rate 67%
79%
AREAS connected to NGCP
AREAS not connected to NGCP
16. Wind energy resources and power project locations
(2012)
IMAGE SOURCE: DOE NATIONAL RENEWABLE Energy Plan 2011–2030
17. Solar energy resources and project locations
(2012)
IMAGE SOURCE: DOE NATIONAL RENEWABLE Energy Plan 2011–2030
18. References
1. DOE — List of Existing Power Plants. https://www.doe.gov.ph/list-existing-power-plants
2. DOE — List Of Companies Issued with Certificate for Grid Impact Study. https://www.doe.gov.ph/list-companies-issued-certificate-grid-impact-study
3. DOE OKs Grid Impact Studies for 8 power generation projects. http://www.pressreader.com/philippines/business-mirror/20160403/281629599416305
4. DOE — Philippine Energy Plan 2012 – 2030. https://www.doe.gov.ph/pep
5. Mainstream to build Vietnam's largest project. http://www.windpowermonthly.com/article/1414692/mainstream-build-vietnams-largest-project
6. National Renewable Energy Program. https://www.doe.gov.ph/sites/default/files/pdf/nrep/nrep_books_021-087_re_plans_programs.pdf
7. PH largest solar farm up in Batangas. https://technology.inquirer.net/46928/ph-largest-solar-farm-up-in-batangas
8. Philippines commissions South-East Asia’s largest solar power project. http://cleantechies.com/2016/03/28/philippines-commissions-south-east-asias-largest-solar-
power-project/
9. Philippines now the largest wind power generator in ASEAN region. https://cleantechnica.com/2016/01/28/philippines-now-largest-wind-power-generator-asean-
region/
10. Vestas in line for 600MW Laos wind project planned as region's biggest. http://www.rechargenews.com/wind/1183612/vestas-in-line-for-600mw-laos-wind-
project-planned-as-regions-biggest
11. World Bank Open Data. http://data.worldbank.org/
12. World Bank — Philippines Renewable Energy Development Project. http://projects.worldbank.org/P147646/?lang=en&tab=documents&subTab=projectDocuments
Additional Image Sources
1. Calatagan Solar Farm. http://technology.inquirer.net/files/2016/03/Solar-Calatagan-1.jpg
2. Google Maps. http://www.maps.google.com
3. Philippines Location Map. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Philippines_location_map.svg
4. South Korea Location Map. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:South_Korea_location_map.svg
